PD-like pathogenesis induced by intestinal exposure to microplastics: An in vivo study of animal models to a public health survey.

With the increasing incidence of non-hereditary Parkinson's disease (PD), research into the involvement of specific environmental factors, in addition to aging, has become more prominent. The effects of microplastic exposure on public health have gained increased attention as it is known to cause a range of neurotoxic changes, some of which are similar to the pathological features of PD. We carried out low-dose microplastic exposure experiments on mice and Caenorhabditis elegans models and implemented a survey regarding the utilization of plastic products in the population.

Oxidative stress of mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases: Mechanism and potential therapeutic targets.

Neurodegenerative diseases are now significant chronic progressive neurological conditions that affect individuals' physical health. Oxidative stress is crucial in the development of these diseases. Among the various neurodegenerative diseases, mitochondrial damage has become a major factor in oxidative stress and disease advancement.

Identification of patients with unstable angina based on coronary CT angiography: the application of pericoronary adipose tissue radiomics.

Objective: To explore whether radiomics analysis of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) captured by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) could discriminate unstable angina (UA) from stable angina (SA).

Methods: In this single-center retrospective case-control study, coronary CT images and clinical data from 240 angina patients were collected and analyzed. Patients with unstable angina ( = 120) were well-matched with those having stable angina ( = 120).

Triple-Combination Therapy with a Multifunctional Yolk-Shell Nanozyme Au@CeO Loaded with Dimethyl Fumarate for Periodontitis.

Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults and is one of the most prevalent and complex oral conditions. Oxidative stress induced by the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to periodontitis, which is closely associated with pathological processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction of periodontal cells and local immune dysregulation. However, current treatment modalities that target single pathological processes have limited long-term therapeutic effects.

Combined systemic immune-inflammatory index and prognostic nutritional index predicts the efficacy and prognosis of ES-SCLC patients receiving PD-L1 inhibitors combined with first-line chemotherapy.

Background: There is a strong association between inflammation and the formation, progression, and metastasis of malignant tumors, according to earlier studies. Some composite inflammation-nutritional indicators, such as the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), have a certain predictive effect on the prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, the relationship between these indicators and the efficacy of immunotherapy in SCLC patients is still not well understood.

Effect of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Pre-Treatment on Outcomes of Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfers in Women With Adenomyosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study With Literature Review.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) pre-treatment on the clinical outcomes of fresh and frozen embryo transfers (ETs and FETs, respectively) in infertile patients with adenomyosis.

Design: Retrospective cohort study with literature review.

Setting: Peking University First Hospital.

Switchable planar chirality and spin texture in highly ordered ferroelectric hybrid perovskite domains.

Chiral organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites offer a promising platform for developing non-linear chiro-optical applications and chiral-induced spin selectivity. Here, we show that achiral hybrid perovskites that have highly ordered ferroelectric domains with orthogonal polarization exhibit planar chirality, as manifested by second harmonic generation with strong circular dichroism. Interestingly, the handedness of the second harmonic generation circular dichroism response can be alternatingly switched between orthogonally polarized domains and domain walls.

Predicting major adverse cardiovascular events in angina patients using radiomic features of pericoronary adipose tissue based on CCTA.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate whether radiomic features of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) can better predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with angina pectoris.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study included 239 patients with angina pectoris who underwent coronary CT examinations. Participants were divided into MACE ( = 46) and non-MACE ( = 193) groups based on the occurrence of MACE during follow-up, and further allocated into a training cohort ( = 167) and a validation cohort ( = 72) at a 7:3 ratio.

Chronological effects of oxygen on the structural transformations of polyacrylonitrile fibers during the rapid thermal stabilization process.

This study investigates the chronological effects of oxygen on the structural transformations of PAN fibers during the rapid thermal stabilization process. In the shorter-time period, PAN fibers undergo a few thermal-driven dehydrogenation reactions alone, while the initiation of both oxidative dehydrogenation and oxygen uptake reactions requires a longer stabilization time. Interestingly, both the amorphous regions and the lateral crystallite sizes increase simultaneously during these periods, resulting in greater exothermic enthalpy.

Regulating Interface Dipole Interaction between Ethers and Active Species Toward Highly Stable Li-SPAN Batteries.

Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) is recognized as a promising organic cathode for long-lifespan lithium metal batteries. Nevertheless, the irreversible cleavage/formation of multiple sulfur-sulfur (S-S) bonds of SPAN within conventional ether-based electrolytes results in loss of active S species, severe capacity fading and shuttle effects. Herein, we propose a new electrolyte based on dipropyl ether (PE) solvent for Li-SPAN batteries.

Atomically precise copper clusters with dual sites for highly chemoselective and efficient hydroboration.

The hydroboration of alkynes into vinylboronate esters is a vital transformation, but achieving high chemoselectivity of targeted functional groups and an appreciable turnover number is a considerable challenge. Herein, we develop two dynamically regulating dual-catalytic-site copper clusters (CuNC and CuNC) bearing N-heterocyclic thione ligands that endow CuNC and CuNC catalysts with performance. In particular, the performance of microcrystalline CuNC in hydroboration is characterized by a high turnover number (77786), a high chemoselectivity, high recovery and reusability under mild conditions.

Perinatal running training reversed postnatal anxiety and depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment in mice following prenatal subchronic variable stress.

Background: Pregnancy is a very complex and highly stressful time in women. Despite the high prevalence of postpartum depression, more than 50 % of mothers are undiagnosed or untreated, showing an urgent need to explore an effective preventive strategy. Regular physical activity has been suggested to be associated with an increased quality of life in pregnant and postpartum women.

Binary Iron-Manganese Cocatalyst for Simultaneous Activation of C-C and C-O Bonds to Maximally Utilize Lignin for Syngas Generation over InGaN.

Solar-powered lignin reforming offers a carbon-neutral route for syngas production. This study explores a dual non-precious iron-manganese cocatalyst to simultaneously activate both C-C and C-O bonds for maximizing the utilization of various substituents of native lignin to yield syngas. The cocatalyst, integrated with InGaN nanowires on a Si wafer, affords a measurable syngas evolution rate of 42.

Metabolomic alterations in the plasma of patients with various clinical manifestations of COVID-19.

Background: The metabolomic profiles of individuals with different clinical manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have not been clearly characterized.

Methods: We performed metabolomics analysis of 166 individuals, including 62 healthy controls, 16 individuals with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 88 patients with moderate (n = 42) and severe (n = 46) symptomatic 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19; 17 with short-term and 34 with long-term nucleic-acid test positivity). By examining differential expression, we identified candidate metabolites associated with different SARS-CoV-2 infection presentations.

Discovery and Synthesis of Heterobifunctional Degraders of Rearranged during Transfection (RET) Kinase.

We describe the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of heterobifunctional RET ligand-directed degraders (LDDs) derived from three different second-generation RET inhibitors. These LDDs are composed of a target binding motif (TBM) that binds to the RET protein, a linker, and a cereblon binding motif (CBM) as the E3 ligase recognition unit. This led to the identification of a series of pyrazolopyridine-based heterobifunctional LDDs, as exemplified by compound .

Monofluorinated Phosphate with Unique P-F Bond for Nonflammable and Long-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with conventional carbonate-based electrolytes suffer from safety concerns in large-scale applications. Phosphates feature high flame retardancy but are incompatible with graphite anode due to their inability to form a passivated solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, we report a monofluorinated co-solvent, diethyl fluoridophosphate (DEFP), featuring a unique P-F bond that allows a trade-off between safety and electrochemical performance in LIBs.

HNRNPD/MAD2L2 axis facilitates lung adenocarcinoma progression and is a potential prognostic biomarker.

Background: Although progress has been made in the treatment of LAUD, the survival rate for patients remains poor. An in-depth grasp of the molecular pathways implicated in LUAD progression is vital for improving diagnosis and treatment strategies. This study aims to explore novel molecular mechanisms driving LUAD progression and identify new potential prognostic biomarkers for LAUD patients.