Publications by authors named "Yixin Hao"

Nitrogen oxides (NO) are crucial in tropospheric photochemical ozone (O) production and oxidation capacity. Currently, the widely used NO measurement technique is chemiluminescence (CL) (CL-NO), which tends to overestimate NO due to atmospheric oxidation products of NO (i.e.

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Realizing an efficient turnover frequency in the acidic oxygen evolution reaction by modifying the reaction configuration is crucial in designing high-performance single-atom catalysts. Here, we report a "single atom-double site" concept, which involves an activatable inert manganese atom redox chemistry in a single-atom Ru-Mn dual-site platform with tunnel Ni ions as the trigger. In contrast to conventional single-atom catalysts, the proposed configuration allows direct intramolecular oxygen coupling driven by the Ni ions intercalation effect, bypassing the secondary deprotonation step instead of the kinetically sluggish adsorbate evolution mechanism.

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Background: Ginger (Zingiber officinale (L.) Rosc), as an edible plant-derived nanoparticle, offers several advantages, such as a high return rate, low budget, no ethical barriers, and good for health. Ginger-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (GDEVs) are nanoscale vesicles isolated from ginger.

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In order to reduce the risk of early freezing damage to cement-based materials in winter construction, lime powder was used to improve the properties of the Portland cement-sulphoaluminate cement (PC-CSA) composite system at low temperatures. In this study, the effects of lime powder dosage on the properties of a PC-CSA blended system with two proportions (PC:CSA = 9:1 and 7:3) at -10 °C were investigated, and the mechanisms of improvement were revealed. The results showed that the compressive strength of the PC-CSA composite system was effectively improved, and the setting time was shortened by the addition of lime powder.

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Demetalation caused by the electrochemical dissolution of metallic Fe atoms is a major challenge for the practical application of Fe─N─C catalysts. Herein, an efficient single metallic Mn active site is constructed to improve the strength of the Fe─N bond, inhibiting the demetalation effect of Fe─N─C. Mn acts as an electron donor inducing more delocalized electrons to reduce the oxidation state of Fe by increasing the electron density, thereby enhancing the Fe─N bond and inhibiting the electrochemical dissolution of Fe.

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Developing ruthenium-based heterogeneous catalysts with an efficient and stable interface is essential for enhanced acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we report a defect-rich ultrathin boron nitride nanosheet support with relatively independent electron donor and acceptor sites, which serves as an electron reservoir and receiving station for RuO, realizing the rapid supply and reception of electrons. Through precisely controlling the reaction interface, a low OER overpotential of only 180 mV (at 10 mA cm) and long-term operational stability (350 h) are achieved, suggesting potential practical applications.

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Turbulent energy dissipation is a fundamental process in plasma physics that has not been settled. It is generally believed that the turbulent energy is dissipated at electron scales leading to electron energization in magnetized plasmas. Here, we propose a micro accelerator which could transform electrons from isotropic distribution to trapped, and then to stream (Strahl) distribution.

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Neutral oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with unique reactive environments exhibits extremely slow reaction kinetics, posing significant challenges in the design of catalysts. Herein, a built-in electric field between the tungstate (Ni-FeWO ) with adjustable work function and Lewis acid WO is elaborately constructed to regulate asymmetric interfacial electron distribution, which promotes electron accumulation of Fe sites in the tungstate. This decelerates the rapid dissolution of Fe under the OER potentials, thereby retaining the active hydroxyl oxide with the optimized OER reaction pathway.

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Designing stable single-atom electrocatalysts with lower energy barriers is urgent for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction. In particular, the atomic catalysts are highly dependent on the kinetically sluggish acid-base mechanism, limiting the reaction paths of intermediates. Herein, we successfully manipulate the steric localization of Ru single atoms at the CoO surface to improve acidic oxygen evolution by precise control of the anchor sites.

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Article Synopsis
  • Active sites in Ru-based catalysts for proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) face challenges due to continuous oxidation and leachability, limiting their practical use.
  • The study proposes the use of inter-doped tungsten-ruthenium oxide heterostructures [(Ru-W)O], which enhance the performance and stability of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic environments by promoting valence oscillation in Ru sites.
  • The developed heterostructures show impressive results, with a low overpotential of 170 mV at 10 mA cm and maintaining operation for 300 hours in acidic electrolytes, indicating strong potential for real-world applications in PEMWE.
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The scalable production of inexpensive, efficient, and robust catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that can deliver high current densities at low potentials is critical for the industrial implementation of water splitting technology. Herein, a series of metal oxides coupled with FeO are in situ grown on iron foam massively via an ultrafast combustion approach for a few seconds. Benefiting from the three-dimensional nanosheet array framework and the heterojunction structure, the self-supporting electrodes with abundant active centers can regulate mass transport and electronic structure for prompting OER activity at high current density.

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Rational regulation of electrochemical reconfiguration and exploration of activity origin are important foundations for realizing the optimization of electrocatalyst activity, but rather challenging. Herein, we potentially develop a rapid complete reconfiguration strategy for the heterostructures of CoCO coated by MXene nanosheets (CoCO@MXene) during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) process. The self-assembled CoCO@MXene nanotubular structure has high electronic accessibility and abundant electrolyte diffusion channels, which favor the rapid complete reconfiguration.

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In this study, considering the effect of environment perturbation which is usually embodied by the alteration of contact infection rate, we formulate a stochastic epidemic mathematical model in which two different kinds of infectious diseases that spread simultaneously through both horizontal and vertical transmission are described. To indicate our model is well-posed and of biological significance, we prove the existence and uniqueness of positive solution at the beginning. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functions (which can be used to prove the stability of a certain fixed point in a dynamical system or autonomous differential equation) and applying Itô's formula as well as Chebyshev's inequality, we also establish the sufficient conditions for stochastic ultimate boundedness.

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Transition-metal oxides with a strain effect have attracted immense interest as cathode materials for fuel cells. However, owing to the introduction of heterostructures, substrates, or a large number of defects during the synthesis of strain-bearing catalysts, not only is the structure-activity relationship complicated but also their performance is mediocre. In this study, a mode of strain introduction is reported.

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The membrane trafficking system is important for compartmentalization of the biosynthesis pathway and secretion of deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin (a virulence factor) in Fusarium graminearum. Flippases are transmembrane lipid transporters and mediate a number of essential physiological steps of membrane trafficking, including vesicle budding, charging, and protein diffusion within the membrane. However, the roles of flippases in secondary metabolism remain unknown in filamentous fungi.

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Energy circulation in geospace lies at the heart of space weather research. In the inner magnetosphere, the steep plasmapause boundary separates the cold dense plasmasphere, which corotates with the planet, from the hot ring current/plasma sheet outside. Theoretical studies suggested that plasmapause surface waves related to the sharp inhomogeneity exist and act as a source of geomagnetic pulsations, but direct evidence of the waves and their role in magnetospheric dynamics have not yet been detected.

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Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles and bear a specific set of nucleic acids including DNA (exoDNA). Thus, this study is to explore whether exoDNA in malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) could be a novel DNA source for mutation detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In this study, 52 lung adenocarcinoma patients were enrolled, and EGFR mutation status was detected with tumor tissues as well as cell blocks and exosomes in MPEs.

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The efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor- targeted therapy is significantly associated with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and B-raf serine/threonine kinase proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutation in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), for which the standard gene testing is currently performed using tumor tissue DNA. The aim of the present study was to compare the presence of KRAS and BRAF mutations in the serum exosome and primary tumor tissue from patients with CRC. Genomic DNA were extracted from the tumor tissues of 35 patients with histologically-confirmed CRC and exosomal mRNA were obtained from peripheral blood, which were collected from the corresponding patients prior to surgery.

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Gastric cancer (GC) is often diagnosed in the advanced stages and is associated with a poor prognosis. Obtaining an in depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms of GC has lagged behind compared with other cancers. This study aimed to identify candidate biomarkers for GC.

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Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be identified in the peripheral blood of patients and harbors the genomic alterations found in tumor tissues, which provides a noninvasive approach for detection of gene mutations. We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate whether ctDNA can be used for monitoring KRAS gene mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched for the included eligible studies in English, and data were extracted for statistical analysis according to the numbers of true-positive (TP), true-negative (TN), false-positive (FP) and false-negative (FN) cases.

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Background: Despite new treatment options for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) recently, 5-year survival remains poor, ranging from 50 to 70%, which may attribute to the lack of early diagnostic biomarkers. Thus, developing new biomarkers for early diagnosis of HCC, is extremely urgent, aiming to decrease HCC-related deaths.

Methods: In the study, we conducted a comprehensive characterization of gene expression data of HCC based on a bioinformatics method.

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Background: Over-expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the MDR1 gene, confers multidrug resistance (MDR) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is a major reason for unsuccessful chemotherapy. This study aimed to determine the effct of RNA interference (RNAi) on the reversal of MDR in human RCC.

Methods: We designed and selected one short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MDR1 gene, which is stably expressed from integrated plasmid and transfected by lentivirus fluid in human RCC A498 cell.

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Objective: To investigate the effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, MS-275, on the immune molecule content and categories in hepatocarcinoma exosomes.

Methods: Exosomes were isolated from the human hepatocarcinoma cell lines, HepG2 and Hep3b, and purified by a combination technique of ultrafiltration centrifugation and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. The expressions of heat shock protein (HSP)70, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-I, HLA-DR, cluster of differentiation (CD) 80 and NY-ESO-1 on exosomes were analyzed with immunoelectron microscopy and Western blotting before and after MS-275 treatment.

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Background: Ionizing radiation (IR) activate the early growth response-1 (Egr-1) promoter by production of radical oxygen intermediates (ROIs). Egr-EF, an expression vector pCIneo containing Egr-1 promoter cloned upstream of the cDNA for Flt3 ligand, was used to treat hematopoietic damage. 5-fluorouracil, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent, cause tumor cell death by producing DNA damage and generating ROIs.

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Aim: To explore the regulatory effects of Egr-1 promoter sequences in transcriptional targeting by 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu) on the expression of hematopoietic growth factor genes.

Methods: The human Flt3 Ligand(FL) cDNA and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) cDNA were linked with IRES and then inserted into the expression vector pCIneo under control of the Egr-1 promoter(Egr-EF). The vector was transferred into human bone marrow stromal cell line HFCL.

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