The Virulence Gene and Drug Resistance Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing from Diarrhea Calves in Xinjiang, China.

This investigation aimed to examine the virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) strains found in diarrheal calves in Xinjiang between 2016 and 2022. A total of 800 samples, including 232 fecal and 568 rectal swabs from calves under 2 months old with diarrhea, were analyzed for Shiga toxin (Stx)-encoding genes using polymerase chain reaction. The study characterized the isolates based on their subtypes, virulence genes, O serogroups, phylogenetic groups, hemolytic phenotypes, antibiotic resistance, and resistance genes.

Structure and assembly of type VI secretion system cargo delivery vehicle.

Type VI secretion system is widely used in Gram-negative bacteria for injecting toxic effectors into neighboring prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. Various effectors can be loaded onto the T6SS delivery tube via its core components: Hcp, VgrG, or PAAR. Here, we report 2.

Mechanistic and structural insights into the bifunctional enzyme PaaY from Acinetobacter baumannii.

PaaY is a thioesterase that enables toxic metabolites to be degraded through the bacterial phenylacetic acid (PA) pathway. The Acinetobacter baumannii gene FQU82_01591 encodes PaaY, which we demonstrate to possess γ-carbonic anhydrase activity in addition to thioesterase activity. The crystal structure of AbPaaY in complex with bicarbonate reveals a homotrimer with a canonical γ-carbonic anhydrase active site.

Nonhomologous Black Carbon Decoupled Char and Soot Sequestration Based on Stable Carbon Isotopes in Tibetan Plateau Lake Sediment.

Combustion-derived black carbon (BC) is an important component of sedimentary carbon pool. Due to different physicochemical properties, determining the source of char and soot is crucial for BC cycling, especially for nonhomologous char and soot in the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This study analyzed the sequestration and source of BC, char, and soot in the Dagze Co (inner TP) sediment core via the content and δC, revealing the biomass and fossil fuel driving on nonsynchronous char and soot and their response to local anthropogenic activities and atmospheric transmission.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in remote lakes from the Tibetan Plateau: Concentrations, source, ecological risk, and influencing factors.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have received worldwide attention due to their potential teratogenic, persistent, and carcinogenic characteristics. In this study, the PAHs concentrations in two dated sediment cores taken from central Tibetan Plateau (TP) were analyzed to study the deposition history, potential sources, ecological risks, and influencing factors. Total concentration of PAHs (∑PAHs) ranged from 50.

Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a sediment core from Lake Dagze Co, Tibetan Plateau, China: Comparison of three receptor models.

Receptor models are a useful tool for identifying sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in multiple environmental media. In this study, three different receptor models (including the principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and Unmix models) were used to apportion the sources of 16 priority PAHs in a sediment core of Lake Dagze Co. The ∑PAHs (sum of all 16 measured PAHs) concentrations ranged from 51.

Neuropeptides as the Shared Genetic Crosstalks Linking Periodontitis and Major Depression Disorder.

Background: The aim of this study was at investigating the association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and periodontitis based on crosstalk genes and neuropeptides.

Methods: Datasets for periodontitis (GSE10334, GSE16134, and GSE23586) and MDD (GSE38206 and GSE39653) were downloaded from GEO. Following batch correction, a differential expression analysis was applied (MDD: ∣log2FC | >0 and periodontitis ∣log2FC | ≥0.

Mirror-like Bright Al-Mn Coatings Electrodeposition from 1-Ethyl-3 Methylimidazolium Chloride-AlCl-MnCl Ionic Liquids with Pyridine Derivatives.

The effects of three pyridine derivative additives, 4-hydroxypyridine, 4-picolinic acid, and 4-cyanopyridine, on Al-Mn coatings were investigated in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-AlCl-MnCl (EMIC-AlCl-MnCl) ionic liquids. The smooth mirror-like bright Al-Mn coatings were obtained only in the EMIC-AlCl-MnCl ionic liquids containing 4-cyanopyridine, while the matte Al-Mn coatings were electrodeposited from EMIC-AlCl-MnCl without additives or containing either 4-hydroxypyridine or 4-picolinic acid. The scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction showed that the bright Al-Mn coatings consisted of nanocrystals and had a strong (200) preferential orientation, while the particle size of matte Al-Mn coatings were within the micron range.

[Soil available nitrogen and phosphorus contents and the environmental impact factors across different land use types in typical karst rocky desertification area, Southwest China.].

In this study, we collected soil samples from four different land use types (forest land, shrub land, grassland and abandoned land) in Huajiang valley of Guizhou Province, a typical karst rocky desertification area in Southwest China. Correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to examine the distribution of available nitrogen (N) and available phosphorus (P) in diffe-rent soil layers from 0 to 30 cm and the relationships between soil environmental factors (soil physical indexes, organic carbon components, electrochemical properties, metal oxides and enzyme activities) and the contents of available N and available P. The results showed that the concentrations of soil total N, total P, available N, available P decreased significantly with the increases of soil depth.

Anthropogenic-Driven Alterations in Black Carbon Sequestration and the Structure in a Deep Plateau Lake.

The continuous flux of organic carbon (OC) from terrestrial ecosystems into inland water is an important component of the global carbon cycle. The buried OC pool in inland water sediments is considerable, and black carbon (BC) is a significant contributor to this OC pool because of the continuous growth in BC emissions. Therefore, determining the effect of BC on total OC burial and variations in the structure of BC during the burial process will contribute significantly to our understanding of lacustrine carbon cycling.

[Effects of land use change on soil organic carbon and its components in karst rocky desertification of southwest China].

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the dynamic medium of carbon transfer and the main pathway of carbon transfer in the karst ecosystem. SOC and its components are the important parts in soil carbon cycling of karst ecosystem. However, few studies have focused on SOC and its components in the karst ecosystem.

Microarc oxidation coating covered Ti implants with micro-scale gouges formed by a multi-step treatment for improving osseointegration.

The sub-microporous microarc oxidation (MAO) coating covered Ti implant with micro-scale gouges has been fabricated via a multi-step MAO process to overcome the compromised bone-implant integration. The as-prepared implant has been further mediated by post-heat treatment to compare the effects of -OH functional group and the nano-scale orange peel-like morphology on osseointegration. The bone regeneration, bone-implant contact interface, and biomechanical push-out force of the modified Ti implant have been discussed thoroughly in this work.