Coffee consumption is positively related to insulin secretion in the Shanghai High-Risk Diabetic Screen (SHiDS) Study.

Background: It has been proved that coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. But the benefit effect of coffee on hyperglycemia in Chinese population was largely unknown. Besides, the relationship of coffee intake and diabetic pathogenesis was still unclear.

Fetal sex influences maternal fasting plasma glucose levels and basal β-cell function in pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance.

Aims: Fetal sex has recently emerged as a new factor that is related to maternal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of fetal sex on maternal glucose metabolism in women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) during pregnancy in the Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 877 pregnant women with NGT were recruited at 24-28 weeks of gestation and underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Rapid Detection of the mt3243A > G Mutation Using Urine Sediment in Elderly Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to identify mt3243A > G mutation carriers in a group of Chinese elderly type 2 diabetic patients by a rapid and noninvasive diagnostic system.

Methods: DNA was extracted from blood, saliva, and urine sediment samples. The mutation screening and quantitation of heteroplasmy were performed by high-resolution melting (HRM) curve and pyrosequencing, respectively.

The Influence of Family History Risk Levels of Diabetes on Disease Prevalence in a High-Risk Diabetic Chinese Population.

Background: Diabetes is associated with genetic susceptibility, and family history is a risk factor. The study investigated the association between different family history risk levels and the prevalence of diabetes in a multi high-risk cohort and evaluated the impact of family history of diabetes on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from 9754 adults who participated in the Shanghai High-Risk Diabetic Screen Project between 2002 and 2012.

Effect of freeze/thaw cycles on several biomarkers in urine from patients with kidney disease.

Urine samples were collected from eleven randomly selected patients with kidney disease, including diabetic nephropathy, chronic nephritis, and nephritic syndrome. Urine samples were treated with one of four protocols for freezing and thawing: freeze directly and thaw directly; freeze directly and thaw by temperature gradient; freeze by temperature gradient and thaw directly; and freeze by temperature gradient and thaw by temperature gradient. After one to six freeze/thaw cycles at -20°C or -80°C, different biomarkers showed differential stabilities.

Analysis of reproducibility and variability from a frozen sample aliquotter by metabolomics analysis.

Purpose: A novel frozen sample aliquotter, which consists of a drilling system in which a coring probe extracts multiple frozen cores from one frozen sample, was developed to avoid thawing and refreezing of samples. The aliquotter was tested to determine if it is suitable for metabolomics analyses in reproducibility and variability studies.

Method: Twenty volunteers (10 males and 10 females) were enrolled in this study.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among high-risk adults in Shanghai from 2002 to 2012.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the trend and prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among high-risk adults in Shanghai from 2002 to 2012.

Methods: From 2002 to 2012, 10043 subjects with known risk factors for diabetes participated in the diabetes-screening project at the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. All participants were asked to complete a nurse-administered standard questionnaire concerning age, sex, smoking status, and personal and family histories of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension and other diseases.