Effect of Autogenous Auricular Cartilage Composite Skin Graft for Bilateral Cleft Lip Nose Deformity Repair.

Objective: Bilateral cleft lip nose deformity often involves nasal alar retraction. The use of autogenous auricular cartilage for correction further aggravated nasal alar retraction caused by nasal lining defects after the operation. A novel graft was developed to address bilateral cleft lip nose deformity.

Matrine induces autophagic cell death by triggering ROS/AMPK/mTOR axis and apoptosis in multiple myeloma.

Despite significant advancements in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment in recent years, most patients will eventually develop resistance or experience relapse. Matrine, a primary active compound of traditional Chinese medicinal herb Sophora flavescens Ait, has been found to have anti-tumor properties in various types of malignant tumors. Whether autophagy plays a crucial role in the anti-MM effect of matrine remain unknown.

CD44: a cancer stem cell marker and therapeutic target in leukemia treatment.

CD44 is a ubiquitous leukocyte adhesion molecule involved in cell-cell interaction, cell adhesion, migration, homing and differentiation. CD44 can mediate the interaction between leukemic stem cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix, thereby inducing a cascade of signaling pathways to regulate their various behaviors. In this review, we focus on the impact of CD44s/CD44v as biomarkers in leukemia development and discuss the current research and prospects for CD44-related interventions in clinical application.

Combined inhibition of XIAP and autophagy induces apoptosis and differentiation in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Perturbations in autophagy, apoptosis and differentiation have greatly affected the progression and therapy of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The role of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-related autophagy remains unclear in AML therapeutics. Here, we found that XIAP was highly expressed and associated with poor overall survival in patients with AML.

MicroRNA-143 acts as a tumor suppressor through Musashi-2/DLL1/Notch1 and Musashi-2/Snail1/MMPs axes in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: The previous studies have revealed that abnormal RNA-binding protein Musashi-2 (MSI2) expression is associated with cancer progression through post-transcriptional mechanisms, however mechanistic details of this regulation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) still remain unclear. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between microRNA-143 (miR-143) and MSI2 and to clarify their clinical significance, biological function and mechanism.

Methods: Abnormal expression of miR-143 and MSI2 were evaluated in bone marrow samples from AML patients by quantitative real time-PCR.

Increase of CD3CD7 T cells in bone marrow predicts invasion in patients with T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Background: The T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL) patients with bone marrow (BM) invasion have a poor prognosis. Although BM biopsy is still a confirmed diagnosis method, the low sensitivity restricts its use to detect the minimal BM invasion. It is of great clinical significance to establish a rapid and highly sensitive method to evaluate BM invasion.

PD-L1 Is Expressed and Promotes the Expansion of Regulatory T Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Intratumoral accumulation of CD4CD25Foxp3 regulatory T (Treg) cells occurs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but little is known about the role of tumor cells themselves in this process. Here, we showed that an immune checkpoint PD-L1 expressed by AML cells promoted the conversion and expansion of Treg cells sustaining high expression of Foxp3 and PD-1 as well as a suppressive function. Furthermore, an AML cell line HEL overexpressed PD-L1 promoted the conversion and expansion of Treg cells and CD4PD-1Foxp3 T (PD-1Treg) cells from the conventional CD4 T cells.

Benzene induces haematotoxicity by promoting deacetylation and autophagy.

Chronic exposure to benzene is known to be associated with haematotoxicity and the development of aplastic anaemia and leukaemia. However, the mechanism underlying benzene-induced haematotoxicity, especially at low concentrations of chronic benzene exposure has not been well-elucidated. Here, we found that increased autophagy and decreased acetylation occurred in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) isolated from patients with chronic benzene exposure.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Express ICOS Ligand to Promote the Expansion of Regulatory T Cells.

CD4CD25Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) accumulate in bone marrow microenvironment in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, little is known about how the tumor environment including tumor cells themselves affects this process. Here we demonstrated that AML cells expressed inducible T-cell costimulator ligand (ICOSL) that can provide costimulation through ICOS for the conversion and expansion of Tregs sustaining high Foxp3 and CD25 expression as well as a suppressive function.

Inhibition of autophagy enhances the antitumour activity of tigecycline in multiple myeloma.

Accumulating evidence shows that tigecycline, a first-in-class glycylcycline, has potential antitumour properties. Here, we found that tigecycline dramatically inhibited the proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines RPMI-8226, NCI-H929 and U266 in a dose and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, tigecycline also potently impaired the colony formation of these three cell lines.

Pretreatment platelet count predicts survival outcome of patients with non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Pretreatment platelet count has been reported as a potential tool to predict survival outcome in several solid tumors. However, the predictive value of pretreatment platelet count remains obscure in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 209 patients with non-M3 AML in our institute over a period of 8 years (2007-2015).

Benzene metabolite hydroquinone induces apoptosis of bone marrow mononuclear cells through inhibition of β-catenin signaling.

The Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway has been shown to play an important role in hematopoiesis, and hematopoietic cells are sensitive targets for benzene-induced hematotoxicity. We therefore hypothesized that dysregulation of the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling was associated with benzene-induced hematotoxicity. Here, we showed that hydroquinone (HQ), a major metabolite of benzene in humans, significantly inhibited cell viability and colony formation while inducing apoptosis of human bone marrow mononuclear cells in vitro.

Matrine induces Akt/mTOR signalling inhibition-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in acute myeloid leukaemia cells.

Pharmacological modulation of autophagy has been referred to as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. Matrine, a main alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens Ait, has antitumour activity against acute myelocytic leukaemia (AML). Whether autophagy is involved in antileukaemia activity of matrine remains unobvious.

Increased Th17 cells and IL-17A exist in patients with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and promote proliferation and resistance to daunorubicin through activation of Akt signaling.

Background: Immune regulation is crucial for the pathogenesis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). It has been reported that Th17 cells as a newly identified subset of CD4(+) T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of several hematological disorders. However, the role of Th17 cells in the pathophysiology of B-ALL is still unclear.

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Trichostatin A and MCP30 Relieve Benzene-Induced Hematotoxicity via Restoring Topoisomerase IIα.

Dysfunction of histone acetylation inhibits topoisomerase IIα (Topo IIα), which is implicated in benzene-induced hematotoxicity in patients with chronic benzene exposure. Whether histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors can relieve benzene-induced hematotoxicity remains unclear. Here we showed that hydroquinone, a main metabolite of benzene, increased the HDAC activity, decreased the Topo IIα expression and induced apoptosis in human bone marrow mononuclear cells in vitro, and treatment with two HDAC inhibitors, namely trichostatin A (TSA) or a mixture of ribosome-inactivating proteins MCP30, almost completely reversed these effects.

MAP30 inhibits autophagy through enhancing acetyltransferase p300 and induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells.

Momordica anti-human immunodeficiency virus protein of 30 kDa (MAP30) has been shown to exhibit potent antitumor activities against several solid tumors. In the present investigation we demonstrated that MAP30 significantly inhibited the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) HL-60 and THP-1 cell lines and patient AML cells through autophagy inhibition and apoptosis induction. Intriguingly, MAP30-induced cell death and apoptosis were partially rescued in combination with an autophagy activator rapamycin, and aggravated in combination with an autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 in HL-60 cells, suggesting that autophagy is a pro-survival signal and its inhibition contributes to the induction of apoptosis in MAP30‑induced cell death.

Serum uric acid levels in patients with myasthenia gravis are inversely correlated with disability.

Uric acid (UA), the final product of purine metabolism, has been reported to be reduced in patients with various neurological disorders and is considered to be a possible indicator for monitoring the disability and progression of multiple sclerosis. However, it remains unclear whether there is a close relationship between UA and myasthenia gravis (MG), or whether UA is primarily deficient or secondarily reduced because of its peroxynitrite scavenging activity. We investigated the correlation between serum UA levels and the clinical characteristics of MG.

Musashi-2 Silencing Exerts Potent Activity against Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Enhances Chemosensitivity to Daunorubicin.

RNA-binding protein Musashi-2 (Msi2) is known to play a critical role in leukemogenesis and contributes to poor clinical prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the effect of Msi2 silencing on treatment for AML still remains poorly understood. In this study, we used lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting Msi2 to investigate the resulting changes in cellular processes and the underlying mechanisms in AML cell lines as well as primary AML cells isolated from AML patients.

A data mining methodology for predicting early stage Parkinson's disease using non-invasive, high-dimensional gait sensor data.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder after Alzheimer's disease. Key clinical features of PD are motor-related and are typically assessed by healthcare providers based on qualitative visual inspection of a patient's movement/gait/posture. More advanced diagnostic techniques such as computed tomography scans that measure brain function, can be cost prohibitive and may expose patients to radiation and other harmful effects.

[Expression of musashi-2 gene in leukemia stem cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients].

This study was aimed to detect the expression of Musashi-2 (Msi2) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and investigate the relationship between Msi2 and other clinical parameters, especially CD34. A total RNA was extracted from bone marrow of newly diagnosed AML patietns. The Msi2 mRNA expression in newly diagnosed AML patients was detected with real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.

Randomized trial of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for hepatitis B virus cirrhosis: regulation of Treg/Th17 cells.

Background And Aim: Liver cirrhosis is one of the major consequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (ABMSCs) is one of promising therapies for patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC). However, the mechanism is unclear. The aim of the current study was to explore the role of Treg/Th17 cells in ABMSCs transplantation in patients with HBV-LC.

Th17 cells and interleukin-17 increase with poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Although Th17 cells play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, their roles in malignancies are currently under debate. The role and mechanism of Th17 cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that the frequency of Th17 cells was significantly increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and bone marrow mononuclear cells from AML patients compared with healthy donors.

Matrine induces apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia cells via the mitochondrial pathway and Akt inactivation.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by a rapid increase in the number of immature myeloid cells in bone marrow. Despite recent advances in the treatment, AML remains an incurable disease. Matrine, a major component extracted from Sophora flavescens Ait, has been demonstrated to exert anticancer effects on various cancer cell lines.

Inhibition of p38 MAPK activity in B-NHL Raji cells by treatment with engineered CD20-specific T cells.

Adoptive immunotherapy with T cells expressing CD20-specific chimeric T-cell receptors is a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. However, modification of the cellular signaling pathways in target tumor cells by treatment with engineered CD20-specific T cells has yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Raji cell line was co-cultured with T cells that were genetically modified with anti-CD20scFvFc/CD28/CD3ζ or anti-CD20scFvFc gene.