Manipulation of ion/electron carrier genes in the model diatom enables its growth under lethal acidic stress.

A major obstacle to exploiting industrial flue gas for microalgae cultivation is the unfavorable acidic environment. We previously identified three upregulated genes in the low-pH-adapted model diatom : ferredoxin (PtFDX), cation/proton antiporter (PtCPA), and HCO transporter (PtSCL4-2). Here, we individually overexpressed these genes in to investigate their respective roles in resisting acidic stress (pH 5.

Radiogenomic analysis for predicting lymph node metastasis and molecular annotation of radiomic features in pancreatic cancer.

Background: To provide a preoperative prediction model for lymph node metastasis in pancreatic cancer patients and provide molecular information of key radiomic features.

Methods: Two cohorts comprising 151 and 54 pancreatic cancer patients were included in the analysis. Radiomic features from the tumor region of interests were extracted by using PyRadiomics software.

Tumor derived exosomal ENTPD2 impair CD8 T cell function in colon cancer through ATP-adenosine metabolism reprogramming.

Background: Extracellular ATP-AMP-adenosine metabolism plays a pivotal role in modulating tumor immune responses. Previous studies have shown that the conversion of ATP to AMP is primarily catalysed by Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1/CD39), a widely studied ATPase, which is expressed in tumor-associated immune cells. However, the function of ATPases derived from tumor cells themselves remains poorly understood.

HIF-1α Mediates Immunosuppression and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer by Inhibiting CXCL9, -10 and -11.

Uncertainty exists regarding the mechanisms by which hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control CD8T-cell migration into tumor microenvironments. Here, we found that HIF-1α knockdown or overexpression resulted in increased or decreased CXCL9, -10, and -11 expression in vitro, respectively. Gene Set Variation Analysis revealed that elevated HIF-1α levels correlated with a poor prognosis, severe pathological stage, and an absence of CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Probing spin waves in CoO nanoparticles for magnonics applications.

The magnetic properties of spinel nanoparticles can be controlled by synthesizing particles of a specific shape and size. The synthesized nanorods, nanodots and cubic nanoparticles have different crystal planes selectively exposed on the surface. The surface effects on the static magnetic properties are well documented, while their influence on spin waves dispersion is still being debated.

Incommensurate magnetic structure of CrAs at low temperatures and high pressures.

The magnetic structure of chromium arsenide CrAs is studied with neutron powder diffraction at ambient pressure in the temperature range 1.5-300 K as well as with neutron single-crystal diffraction at 2 K and 0.12 GPa.

Knockdown LIMP2 inhibits colorectal cancer cells migration, invasion, and metastasis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide nowadays and liver metastasis is the primary cause of death in patients with CRC. Although lysosomal integral membrane protein 2 (LIMP2) has been reported to play important roles in gastric cancer and prostate cancer, its role in CRC remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of LIMP2 in CRC invasion and migration, along with the potential underlying molecular mechanisms.

Evacetrapib Elicits Antitumor Effects on Colorectal Cancer by Inhibiting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Activating the JNK Signaling Pathway.

Despite advances in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, most advanced CRC patients who experience disease progression after chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy face a situation in which there is no available medicine. Thus, new therapeutic drugs for CRC are urgently needed. Studies have shown that cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) has a vital role in tumor development and is a possible target for CRC therapy.

Promoter Methylation-Mediated NPTX2 Silencing Promotes Tumor Growth in Human Prostate Cancer.

Neuronal pentraxin 2 (NPTX2), a secretory protein of neuronal pentraxins, was first identified in the nervous system. Several studies have shown that expression levels of NPTX2 are associated with the development of various cancers. However, whether NPTX2 is involved in prostate cancer progression is unclear.

Magnetic Field Induced Quantum Spin Liquid in the Two Coupled Trillium Lattices of K_{2}Ni_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}.

Quantum spin liquids are exotic states of matter that form when strongly frustrated magnetic interactions induce a highly entangled quantum paramagnet far below the energy scale of the magnetic interactions. Three-dimensional cases are especially challenging due to the significant reduction of the influence of quantum fluctuations. Here, we report the magnetic characterization of K_{2}Ni_{2}(SO_{4})_{3} forming a three-dimensional network of Ni^{2+} spins.

Topological magnon insulators in two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnets CrSiTe and CrGeTe: Toward intrinsic gap-tunability.

The bosonic analogs of topological insulators have been proposed in numerous theoretical works, but their experimental realization is still very rare, especially for spin systems. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb van der Waals ferromagnets have emerged as a new platform for topological spin excitations. Here, via a comprehensive inelastic neutron scattering study and theoretical analysis of the spin-wave excitations, we report the realization of topological magnon insulators in CrXTe (X = Si, Ge) compounds.

Soliton-Mediated Magnetic Reversal in an All-Oxide-Based Synthetic Antiferromagnetic Superlattice.

All-oxide-based synthetic antiferromagnets (SAFs) are attracting intense research interest due to their superior tunability and great potentials for antiferromagnetic spintronic devices. In this work, using the LaCaMnO/CaRuTiO (LCMO/CRTO) superlattice as a model SAF, we investigated the layer-resolved magnetic reversal mechanism by polarized neutron reflectivity. We found that the reversal of LCMO layer moments is mediated by nucleation, expansion, and shrinkage of a magnetic soliton.

In-plane uniaxial pressure-induced out-of-plane antiferromagnetic moment and critical fluctuations in BaFeAs.

A small in-plane external uniaxial pressure has been widely used as an effective method to acquire single domain iron pnictide BaFeAs, which exhibits twin-domains without uniaxial strain below the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural (nematic) transition temperature T. Although it is generally assumed that such a pressure will not affect the intrinsic electronic/magnetic properties of the system, it is known to enhance the antiferromagnetic (AF) ordering temperature T ( < T) and create in-plane resistivity anisotropy above T. Here we use neutron polarization analysis to show that such a strain on BaFeAs also induces a static or quasi-static out-of-plane (c-axis) AF order and its associated critical spin fluctuations near T/T.

Improved diagnostic value by combining plasma PON1 level with tumor biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer patients.

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third among all cancers in China and improvements in screening for CRC have an important impact on prevention and control of the disease. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a calcium ion-dependent hydrolase that is widely distributed in tissue. Its diagnostic value in colorectal cancer has been reported, but the diagnostic value of combining PON1 with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 12-5 (CA12-5) in colorectal cancer has not been evaluated.

Neutron scattering study of commensurate magnetic ordering in single crystal CeSb.

Temperature and field-dependent magnetization(, ) measurements and neutron scattering study of a single crystal CeSbare presented. Several anomalies in magnetization curves have been confirmed, i.e.

miR-197-3p Represses the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer by Regulating the VDAC1/AKT/β-catenin Signaling Axis.

Accumulating investigations have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising efficient targets for the next generation of molecular therapeutics. The development of miRNA-based therapies requires the identification and validation of cancer-associated miRNAs. Herein, we identified that miR-197-3p regulates the carcinogenesis and development of prostate cancer (PCa) via bioinformatics analysis.

Combined artificial high-silicate medium and LED illumination promote carotenoid accumulation in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Background: Diatoms, which can accumulate large amounts of carotenoids, are a major group of microalgae and the dominant primary producer in marine environments. Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a model diatom species, acquires little silicon for its growth although silicon is known to contribute to gene regulation and play an important role in diatom intracellular metabolism. In this study, we explored the effects of artificial high-silicate medium (i.

Coexistence of Ferromagnetic and Stripe Antiferromagnetic Spin Fluctuations in SrCo_{2}As_{2}.

We use inelastic neutron scattering to study energy and wave vector dependence of spin fluctuations in SrCo_{2}As_{2}, derived from SrFe_{2-x}Co_{x}As_{2} iron pnictide superconductors. Our data reveal the coexistence of antiferromagnetic (AF) and ferromagnetic (FM) spin fluctuations at wave vectors Q_{AF}=(1,0) and Q_{FM}=(0,0)/(2,0), respectively. By comparing neutron scattering results with those of dynamic mean field theory calculation and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments, we conclude that both AF and FM spin fluctuations in SrCo_{2}As_{2} are closely associated with a flatband of the e_{g} orbitals near the Fermi level, different from the t_{2g} orbitals in superconducting SrFe_{2-x}Co_{x}As_{2}.

Fluorine-free water-in-ionomer electrolytes for sustainable lithium-ion batteries.

The continuously increasing number and size of lithium-based batteries developed for large-scale applications raise serious environmental concerns. Herein, we address the issues related to electrolyte toxicity and safety by proposing a "water-in-ionomer" type of electrolyte which replaces organic solvents by water and expensive and toxic fluorinated lithium salts by a non-fluorinated, inexpensive and non-toxic superabsorbing ionomer, lithium polyacrylate. Interestingly, the electrochemical stability window of this electrolyte is extended greatly, even for high water contents.

Adaptive Laboratory Evolution for Enhanced Carotenoid Production in Microalgae.

In order to produce natural pigments with competitive prices, algal strains employed in industrial production need to be improved for increasing the productivity of valuable metabolites, thereby reducing the overall production cost. Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is a traditional method for strain improvement, which has been effectively utilized in bacteria and fungi. With the growing interest in algal biotechnology, attempts have recently been put forward to improve microalgal strains with ALE approach.

Uniaxial and hydrostatic pressure effects in α-RuCl single crystals via thermal-expansion measurements.

We present high-resolution thermal-expansion and specific-heat measurements of single crystalline α-RuCl. An extremely hysteretic structural transition expanding over 100 K is observed by thermal-expansion along both crystallographic axes, which we attribute to a change of stacking sequence of the RuCl layers. Three magnetic transitions are observed, which we link to the different stacking sequences.

Chemical Mutagenesis and Fluorescence-Based High-Throughput Screening for Enhanced Accumulation of Carotenoids in a Model Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Diatoms are a major group of unicellular algae that are rich in lipids and carotenoids. However, sustained research efforts are needed to improve the strain performance for high product yields towards commercialization. In this study, we generated a number of mutants of the model diatom , a cosmopolitan species that has also been found in Nordic region, using the chemical mutagens ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and -methyl-'-nitro--nitrosoguanidine (NTG).

All-oxide-based synthetic antiferromagnets exhibiting layer-resolved magnetization reversal.

Synthesizing antiferromagnets with correlated oxides has been challenging, owing partly to the markedly degraded ferromagnetism of the magnetic layer at nanoscale thicknesses. Here we report on the engineering of an antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling (AF-IEC) between ultrathin but ferromagnetic LaCaMnO layers across an insulating CaRuTiO spacer. The layer-resolved magnetic switching leads to sharp steplike hysteresis loops with magnetization plateaus depending on the repetition number of the stacking bilayers.

Evaluation of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment.

In the present study, the feasibility of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment was assessed. Continuous cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana with wastewater was tested in lab-scale flat-panel photobioreactors. Nitrogen and phosphorus removals were found to be inversely proportional to the four dilution rates, while chemical oxygen demand removal was found to be 50% at all the tested conditions.