Publications by authors named "Yiwei Zhu"

Excess cholesterol accumulation contributes to fibrogenesis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), but how hepatic cholesterol metabolism becomes dysregulated in MASH is not completely understood. We show that human fibrotic MASH livers have decreased EH-domain-binding protein 1 (EHBP1), a genome-wide association study (GWAS) locus associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and that EHBP1 loss- and gain-of-function increase and decrease MASH fibrosis in mice, respectively. Mechanistic studies reveal that EHBP1 promotes sortilin-mediated PCSK9 secretion, leading to LDL receptor (LDLR) degradation, decreased LDL uptake, and reduced TAZ, a fibrogenic effector.

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Climate change and human activities are placing significant pressure on the carrying capacity of the Himalayan alpine ecosystem. This study focuses on seven transboundary protected areas and national parks in the Himalayas, including China's Everest National Nature Reserve and Nepal's Sagarmatha National Park, Manaslu Conservation Area, Langtang National Park, Gauri Sankar Conservation Area, Makalu Barun National Park, and Kanchenjunga Conservation Area. We used the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram (VSD) model to assess ecological vulnerability, analyzing land use changes and landscape patterns from 2000 to 2020 to identify key drivers of landscape changes.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a severe type of central nervous system damage, with no effective treatment currently available, partly due to neuronal ferroptosis and subsequent neuroinflammation. Punicalagin, an anti-inflammatory compound extracted from pomegranate peel, has exhibited therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases. In this study, we present evidence that punicalagin facilitates the recovery of neurological function following SCI by mitigating neuronal ferroptosis.

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The development of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [ICC]) is linked to its physical microenvironment, particularly extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness. Potential anticancer strategies targeting ECM stiffness include prevention/reversal of the stiffening process and disruption of the response of cancer cells to mechanical signals from ECM. However, each strategy has limitations.

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The global rise of carbapenem-resistant , including strains producing carbapenemase (KPC) types, poses a significant public health challenge due to their resistance to critical antibiotics. Treatment options for infections caused by KPC-producing (KPC-KP) are increasingly limited, particularly as these strains develop resistance to last-line antibiotics such as ceftazidime/avibactam and colistin. This study investigates the evolution of antibiotic resistance and persistence in a series of clonally related ST11 KPC-KP strains isolated from a single patient undergoing extended antimicrobial treatment.

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Cell printing is a promising technology in tissue engineering, with which the complex three-dimensional tissue constructs can be formed by sequentially printing the cells layer by layer. Though some cell printing experiments with commercial inkjet printers show the possibility of this idea, there are some problems, such as cell damage due the mechanical impact during cell direct writing, which include two processes of cell ejection and cell landing. Cell damage observed during the bioprinting process is often simply attributed to interactions between cells and substrate.

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Unlabelled: species are among the most common free-living amoeba and ubiquitous protozoa, mainly distributed in water and soil, and cause keratitis (AK) and severe visual impairment in patients. Although several studies have reported genomic characteristics of , limited sample sizes and sources have resulted in an incomplete understanding of the genetic diversity of from different sources. While endosymbionts exert a significant influence on the phenotypes of , including pathogenicity, virulence, and drug resistance, the species diversity and functional characterization remain largely unexplored.

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The global dissemination of carbapenemase genes, particularly bla, poses a significant threat to public health. While research has mainly focused on strains with phenotypic resistance, the impact of silent resistance genes has been largely overlooked. This study documents the first instance of silent bla in a cluster of clonally related carbapenem-susceptible K.

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Article Synopsis
  • The text discusses the challenges of achieving effective fluorination in water using hydrophilic building blocks despite their popularity in improving tracer pharmacokinetics.
  • It introduces a new method using "AquaF" (phosphonamidic fluorides) building blocks, which demonstrate excellent water solubility and high metabolic properties, allowing for significant fluorination rates in aqueous environments.
  • The method shows impressive results in radiochemical conversions and activities for small-molecule radiotracers, particularly highlighting the improved performance of [F]AquaF-Flurpiridaz for myocardial perfusion imaging compared to its predecessors.
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Article Synopsis
  • There is increasing interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood cells for therapeutic use, due to their unique properties and ability to affect target cells.
  • EVs are abundant in plasma and can easily be obtained without cell culture, making them a promising option for clinical applications.
  • While they show potential for treating various diseases, further research is needed on isolation methods, quality control, safety, and cost-effectiveness to facilitate their clinical use.
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The present paper introduces an innovative strain energy function (SEF) for incompressible anisotropic fiber-reinforced materials. This SEF is specifically designed to understand the mechanical behavior of carbon fiber-woven fabric. The considered model combines polyconvex invariants forming an integrity basisin polynomial form, which is inspired by the application of Noether's theorem.

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a major public health problem worldwide. Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is a natural product that can inhibit HBV, but the effect of iron saturation on its resistance to HBV is unknown.

Aims: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of iron saturation of bLf against HBV.

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Background And Aims: Recent studies have highlighted the beneficial effect of resolvin D1 (RvD1), a DHA-derived specialized pro-resolving mediator, on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Our study aims to determine the mechanism by which RvD1 protects against MASH progression.

Methods: RvD1 was administered to mice with experimental MASH, followed by bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.

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Four modified hawthorn pectin fractions (MHPs), named MHP-30, MHP-50, MHP-70 and MHP-90, were obtained by ultrasonic-assisted pectin methyl esterase modification and gradient ethanol precipitation. The results indicated that all four MHPs were composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose, arabinose, glucose and mannose in different proportions. With the increase of the ethanol concentration, the molecular weight, esterification degree and galacturonic acid content of MHPs all decreased, whereas the arabinose content and branching degree increased.

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Purpose: The rising incidence and mortality associated with cutaneous malignant tumours highlight the importance of early diagnosis of these tumors. In clinical practice, these tumors are often misdiagnosed as benign skin lesions such as melanocytic nevi (MN) and seborrheic keratosis (SK) because of their similar morphologic features. The incidence and clinicopathological subtypes of cutaneous malignancies in East Asia populations significantly differ from those in fair-skinned groups.

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Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) resistance is a huge threat in the clinic; however, the underlying mechanism responsible for high-level CZA resistance in (PA) isolates remains unknown. In this study, a total of 5,763 isolates were collected from 2010 to 2022 to investigate the ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) high-level resistance mechanisms of (PA) isolates in China. Fifty-six PER-producing isolates were identified, including 50 isolates carrying in PA, and 6 isolates carrying .

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While wearable self-powered electronic devices have shown promising improvements, substantial challenges persist in enhancing their electrical output and structural performance. In this work, a working mechanism involving simultaneous piezoelectric and triboelectric conversion within a monolayer-structured membrane is proposed. Single-layer binary fiber nanocomposite membranes (SBFNMs) (PVDF/CNT@PAN/CNT, DPCPC) with two distinct interpenetrating nanocomposite fibers were created through co-electrospinning, incorporating multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), respectively.

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Ionic liquid based technology is promising in the pretreatment of lignocelluloses. More efforts are still being made to intensify the separation of the main components in this biomass and to inhibit biopolymer degradation, especially in the fabrication of functional materials where excellent mechanical properties are often requisite. In this study, additives with amino and/or hydroxyl groups were proposed to improve the dissolution of lignocellulosic biomass in ionic liquids and to inhibit the degradation of cellulose.

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In this study, we present a straightforward and highly effective photo-triggered hydrogenation method for aryl halides, devoid of transition-metal catalysts. Through the synergistic utilization of light, PhNHNH, and a base, we have successfully initiated the desired radical-mediated hydrogenation process. Remarkably, utilizing mild reaction conditions, a wide range of aryl halides, including fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and iodides, can be selectively transformed into their corresponding (hetero)arene counterparts, with exceptional yields.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study identifies two new metallo-β-lactamases, VIM-84 and VIM-85, which contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) spread through IncP-2 type megaplasmids.
  • Both enzymes are encoded by novel genes found within class 1 integrons and exhibit stronger resistance to β-lactams compared to an existing enzyme, VIM-24.
  • The research highlights the global distribution of these megaplasmids and their role in facilitating hospital outbreaks by harboring and disseminating AMR genes.
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When ketosis occurs, supraphysiological concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) display lipotoxicity and are closely related to the occurrence of hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, resulting in hepatic damage and exacerbating the progression of ketosis. However, the mechanism of these lipotoxic effects caused by high concentrations of NEFA in ketosis is still unclear. Cluster antigen 36 (CD36), a fatty acid transporter, plays a vital role in the development of hepatic pathological injury in nonruminants.

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Triptolide (TPL) is a diterpenoid isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii. It has powerful antitumor, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies have shown that TPL can induce apoptosis of hematological tumor cells, inhibit their proliferation and survival, promote autophagy and ferroptosis, and enhance the efficacy of traditional chemotherapy and targeted therapies.

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Background: As a core member of the FA complex, in the Fanconi anemia pathway, FAAP24 plays an important role in DNA damage repair. However, the association between FAAP24 and patient prognosis in AML and immune infiltration remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore its expression characteristics, immune infiltration pattern, prognostic value and biological function using TCGA-AML and to verify it in the Beat AML cohort.

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Pectin is identified as an effective delivery material due to its excellent gel-forming ability, low immunogenic properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. These excellent properties depend on the preparation method of pectin. In the study, four pectin fractions (named: CAHP30, CAHP40, CAHP50, and CAHP60, respectively) were obtained by different ethanol precipitations (30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%).

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Fatty liver is a major metabolic disorder of high-producing dairy cows during the transition period. In nonruminants, it is well established that insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1) plays a crucial role in regulating hepatic lipogenesis by controlling the anchoring of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) on the endoplasmic reticulum along with SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP). Whether the INSIG1-SCAP-SREBP-1c transport axis is affected in cows experiencing fatty liver is unknown.

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