Chemical characterization and classification of vegetable oils using DESI-MS coupled with a neural network.

This study tackled mislabeling fraud in vegetable oils, driven by price disparities and profit motives, by developing an approach combining desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) with a shallow convolutional neural network (SCNN). The method was designed to characterize lipids and distinguish between nine vegetable oils: corn, soybean, peanut, sesame, rice bran, sunflower, camellia, olive, and walnut oils. The optimized DESI-MS method enhanced the ionization of non-polar glycerides and detected ion adducts like [TG + Na], [TG + NH].

An in situ and real-time analytical method for detection of freeze-thew cycles in tuna via IKnife rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry.

Freezing is one of the most commonly used preservation methods for Bluefin tuna (). However, repeated freezing and thawing would inevitably occur due to the temperature fluctuation, leading to the microstructure damage, lipid oxidation and protein integrity decline of tuna muscle without notable visual appearance change. In this study, we used a rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) technique for the real-time determination of the extent of repeated freezing and thawing cycles in tuna fillets.

Associations between estradiol and hyperuricemia and the mediating effects of TC, TG, and TyG: NHANES 2013-2016.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between estradiol (E2) and the incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in adult women and to explore whether glucolipid metabolism disorders play a mediating role in mediating this relationship.

Methods: A total of 2,941 participants aged 20-65 years were included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations of E2 with HUA.

Comparative evaluating laser ionization and iKnife coupled with rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry and machine learning for geographical authentication of Larimichthys crocea.

Larimichthys crocea (LYC) holds significant economic value as a marine fish species. However, inaccuracies in labeling its origin can adversely affect consumer interests. Herein, a laser assisted rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (LA-REIMS) and machine learning (ML) was developed for geographical authentication.

Enzymatic Preparation, In-Depth Molecular Analysis, and Digestion Simulation of Palmitoleic Acid (ω-7)-Enriched Fish Oil Triacylglycerols.

In this study, an enzymatic reaction was developed for synthesizing pure triacylglycerols (TAG) with a high content of palmitoleic acid (POA) using fish byproduct oil. The characteristics of synthesized structural TAGs rich in POA (POA-TAG) were analyzed in detail through ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q Exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry. Optimal conditions were thoroughly investigated and determined for reaction systems, including the use of Lipozyme TL IM and Novozym 435, 15 wt % lipase loading, substrate mass ratio of 1:3, and water content of 2.

Developing a detection strategy for ten paralytic shellfish poisonings in urine, combining high-throughput DESI-MS screening and accurate UPLC-QqQ/MS quantification.

Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is the most widespread and harmful form of shellfish poisoning with high mortality rate. In this study, a combined desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ/MS) method was established for the detection of PSPs in urine. The method was optimized using a spray solution of methanol and water (1:1, v/v) containing 0.

Evaluation of Lipid Oxidation Characteristics in Salmon after Simulation of Cold Chain Interruption Using Rapid Evaporation Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

Temperature fluctuations occurring during the cold chain logistics of salmon contribute to lipid oxidation. This study aimed to simulate cold chain interruption through freeze-thaw operations and evaluate the lipidomics data from salmon samples subjected to different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles by using rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) combined with an intelligent surgical knife (iKnife). The results indicated significant differences in the relative abundance of characteristic ions among the samples ( < 0.

A study of the effect of hypothyroidism during pregnancy on human milk quality based on rheological properties.

Hypothyroidism has been found to have an effect on the nutritional composition of human milk during pregnancy. This study aims to explore the combined influence of rheological properties, macronutrient content, particle size, and the zeta potential of milk fat globules, as well as the composition of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins on the quality of human milk in gestational hypothyroidism. The study revealed that human milk from the group with hypothyroidism during pregnancy (AHM) was less viscoelastic and stable when compared with normal pregnancy group human milk (NHM).

Predicting ischemic stroke risk from atrial fibrillation based on multi-spectral fundus images using deep learning.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most common serious secondary diseases of atrial fibrillation (AF) within 1 year after its occurrence, both of which have manifestations of ischemia and hypoxia of the small vessels in the early phase of the condition. The fundus is a collection of capillaries, while the retina responds differently to light of different wavelengths. Predicting the risk of IS occurring secondary to AF, based on subtle differences in fundus images of different wavelengths, is yet to be explored.

Machine learning-guided REIMS pattern recognition of non-dairy cream, milk fat cream and whipping cream for fraudulence identification.

The illegal adulteration of non-dairy cream in milk fat cream during the manufacturing process of baked goods has significantly hindered the robust growth of the dairy industry. In this study, a method based on rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) lipidomics pattern recognition integrated with machine learning algorithms was established. A total of 26 ions with importance were picked using multivariate statistical analysis as salient contributing features to distinguish between milk fat cream and non-dairy cream.

Study on the physicochemical indexes, nutritional quality, and flavor compounds of from three representative origins for geographical traceability.

Trichiurus lepturus (hairtail) is an important economic component of China's marine fishing industry. However, due to the difficulty in identifying the appearance of hairtail from different geographical distributions, hairtails with geographical indication trademarks were imitated by general varieties. In this study, the texture characteristics, color, basic nutrients, amino acids, mineral, fatty acids, and volatile flavor substances were used as indicators for multivariate statistical analysis to determine whether three origins of hairtails from the habitats of Zhoushan (East China Sea, T.

Real-Time Profiling and Distinction of Lipids from Different Mammalian Milks Using Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry Combined with Chemometric Analysis.

The price of mammalian milk from different animal species varies greatly due to differences in their yield and nutritional value. Therefore, the authenticity of dairy products has become a hotspot issue in the market due to the replacement or partial admixture of high-cost milk with its low-cost analog. Herein, four common commercial varieties of milk, including goat milk, buffalo milk, Holstein cow milk, and Jersey cow milk, were successfully profiled and differentiated from each other by rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) combined with chemometric analysis.

Detection of lipidomics characterization of tuna meat during different wet-aging stages using iKnife rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry.

As a high-value processed aquatic product, wet-aged tuna has gradually become a popular food, but its lipidomics characteristics during the aging process have not been investigated. Herein, the lipidomics phenotypic data of tuna at different wet-aging stages were acquired using iKnife rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry, in which the dominant lipid components, including fatty acid (FA), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylinositol (PI), were structurally identified. Principal component analysis, permutation test, heatmap, and circos plot analysis were performed to characterize lipids in wet-aged tuna, among which FA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and PI were the most contributing components for determining the wet-aging stage of tuna.

Real-time authentication of minced shrimp by rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry.

Minced shrimp is popular seafood due to its delicious flavor and nutritional value. However, the biological species of raw material of minced shrimp are not distinguished by naked eyes after processing. Thus, an in situ and real-time minced shrimp authentication method was established using iKnife rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) based lipidomics.

Effect of steam explosion pretreatment on the production of microscale tuna bone power by ultra-speed pulverization.

In this study, a steam explosion pretreatment method was established to prepare tuna bone powder. The conditions were optimized such that steam pressure of 0.6 MPa, reaction time of 5 min, and sample weight of 100 g.

Constructing ZIF-8 derived C-ZnS/ZnMoO@MoS and C-ZnS/MoS nanocomposites using a simple one-pot strategy to enhance photocatalytic degradation activity.

Efficient C-ZnS/ZnMoO@MoS and C-ZnS/MoS nanocomposite photocatalysts, using ZIF-8 derived C-ZnO as a precursor were successfully synthesized using a simple one-pot procedure. This is the first application that involves transforming ZIF-8 into C-ZnMoO for photocatalysis. The C-ZnS/ZnMoO@MoS and C-ZnS/MoS heterostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-vis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, photocurrent measurements, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

C-doped ZnO decorated with Au nanoparticles constructed from the metal-organic framework ZIF-8 for photodegradation of organic dyes.

Recently, engineering metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into metal oxides by solid state thermal decomposition has attracted wide attention for photocatalytic applications. Here, a series of C-doped ZnO materials decorated with Au nanoparticles (Au/C-ZnO) were constructed controlled pyrolysis of ZIF-8 adsorbing different amounts of HAuCl·4HO. In this pyrolysis process, ZIF-8 was transformed into C-doped ZnO according to the EDX and XPS analysis.

A shotgun method for high throughput screening microcystins in Margarya melanioides on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.

A selective and sensitive procedure for determining seven hazardous microcystins in Margarya melanioides, using tandem mass spectrometry, is presented. The product ion m/z 135.2 was selected as representative for precursor ion scanning and used to increase overall sensitivity of this shotgun method.

Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics Tracking of Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus) during In Vitro Multiple-Stage Digestion.

A rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) method was developed for lipidomics tracking of Ctenopharyngodon idellus during in vitro multiple-stage digestion. The REIMS conditions were optimized such that the temperature of the heating probe was 500 °C, sample amount was 30 mg, and the flow rate of auxiliary solvent was 100 μL min. The results showed that the phospholipids were detected with variety and quantity in the crude and multiple-stage digested samples.

[Rapid and simultaneous determination of seven microcystins in fish meat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with pass-through solid phase extraction].

An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous and rapid determination of seven microcystins in fish meat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with pass-through solid phase extraction (SPE). The samples were extracted with methanol-water (90:10, v/v) after heat treatment by water bath at 80℃, and then cleaned up with an Oasis PRiME HLB pass-through SPE column. The samples were analyzed directly on a Waters XSelect HSS T3 column using 0.

Effect of Fenton pre-oxidation on mobilization of nutrients and efficient subsequent bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil.

Fenton pre-oxidation and a subsequent bioremediation phase of 80 days were used to investigate the importance of matching concentration of residual indigenous bacteria and nutrient levels on subsequent bioremediation of crude oil. Experiments were performed using either high (>10 CFU/g soil) or low (<10 CFU/g soil) concentrations of bacteria and three different nutrient levels: enough (C/N > 9.8), moderate (C/N:5-9.

Impact of chemical oxidation on indigenous bacteria and mobilization of nutrients and subsequent bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil.

Fenton pre-oxidation provides nutrients to promote bioremediation. However, the effects of the indigenous bacteria that remain following Fenton oxidation on nutrient mobilization and subsequent bioremediation remain unclear. Experiments were performed with inoculation with native bacteria and foreign bacteria or without inoculation after four regimens of stepwise pre-oxidations.

Evaluation of effectiveness of integrated intervention program in improving drug addicts' psychological health.

Objective: To investigate the social mental state of drug addicts in a compulsive drug abuse treatment center; evaluate the effectiveness of integrated program for the prevention of abuse relapse and improvement of drug addicts' psychological health.

Methods: The study subjects were addicts from the Wuhan Compulsive Drug Abuse Treatment Center between October 2003 and June 2004, who satisfied the inclusion criteria. A non-randomized control-intervention study design was adopted.