Stroke is a major global cause of death and disability, with ischemic stroke being the most common type. The disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key factor in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, allowing immune cells to infiltrate and worsening neuroinflammation. This study uses single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to examine the transcriptional changes in neutrophils, endothelial cells, and T cells during ischemic stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in the development and progression of PD, and numerous studies have demonstrated the potential therapeutic benefits of modulations in the intestinal microbiota. This review provides insights into the characterization of the gut microbiota in patients with PD and highlights associations with clinical symptoms and underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
Antibiotics are misused and discharged into environmental water, posing a constant potential threat to the ecosystem. Utilising plasma's physical and chemical effects to remove antibiotics has emerged as a promising wastewater treatment technology. However, the complexity and high cost of reactor configurations represent significant limitations to the practical application of this technology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscranial photobiomodulation refers to irradiation of the brain through the skull using low-intensity red or near-infrared light, which is the most commonly studied method of light energy biotherapy for central nervous system disorders. The absorption of photons by specific chromophores within the cell elevates ATP synthesis, reduces oxidative stress damage, alleviates inflammation or mediates the activation of transcription factors and signaling mediators through secondary mediators, which in turn trigger downstream signaling pathways to cause a series of photobiological effects including upregulation of neurotrophic factors. Multiple mechanisms are simultaneously involved in the pathological process of central nervous system disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVacancy dynamics of high-density 2D colloidal crystals with a polydispersity in particle size are studied experimentally. Heterogeneity in vacancy dynamics is observed. Inert vacancies that hardly hop to other lattice sites and active vacancies that hop frequently between different lattice sites are found within the same samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe applications of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil (CEO) are limited by instability, low solubility and high volatility. The present study aimed to improve the properties of CEO by microencapsulation with cyclodextrin metal organic frameworks (β-CD-MOFs) to enhance the preservation effects on Chinese bacon (preserved meat products). The microencapsulated CEO by β-CD-MOFs (CEO/β-CD-MOFs) not only did not inhibit the antioxidant activities of CEO, but also showed significant improvements on their ROS scavenging abilities and thermo-/pH-stabilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHirschsprung's disease is a congenital malformation characterized by the absence of enteric ganglia in the distal intestine and gut obstruction. Our previous study indicates the brain pathology during the disease progression. A subpopulation of Hirschsprung's disease patients is also associated with anomalies of the central nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinsonism Relat Disord
October 2022
Introduction: Constipation is one of the common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease that significantly impacts patient quality of life. Probiotics supplementation may improve constipation symptoms, but its effect on the gut microbiota population is unclear.
Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 46 PD patients with constipation according to Rome Ⅲ criteria were recruited.
Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with vascular cognitive impairment, and there are no specific therapeutic agents for use in clinical practice. Berberine has demonstrated good neuroprotective effects in models of acute cerebral ischemia; however, whether it can alleviate cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion has rarely been investigated.
Objective: The present study aimed to explore the mechanism by which berberine alleviates cognitive impairment resulting from chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients undergoing hemodialysis, as well as the mortality and risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
Methods: A total of 354 hemodialysis patients from four hospitals were enrolled. RLS was diagnosed using the International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria.