An investigation of the effect of the protein corona on the cellular uptake of nanoliposomes under flow conditions using quartz crystal microgravimetry with dissipation.

When nanoparticle delivery systems are immersed in biological fluids, a complex assembly of proteins forms on their surface, creating a protein corona. The protein corona alters the physicochemical properties, toxicity, biodistribution, cellular uptake, and immune response of the nanoparticles, and consequently, their therapeutic efficacy. Currently, there is a lack of methods to assess the effects of the protein corona on nanoparticle uptake under dynamic flow and assess their binding kinetics in real-time.

Factors Predicting Spontaneous Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Very Low Birth Weight Neonates.

Background Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a relatively rare condition among neonates in the United States, estimated at approximately 1 in every 2,000 births. Managing hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates remains a challenge. This study aims to explore and report on the spontaneous closure of hsPDA in VLBW infants in a clinical setting.

An investigation of functionalized chitosan and alginate multilayer conformal nanocoating on mouse beta cell spheroids as a model for pancreatic islet transplantation.

Multilayer conformal coatings have been shown to provide a nanoscale barrier between cells and their environment with adequate stability, while regulating the diffusion of nutrition and waste across the cell membrane. The coating method aims to minimize capsule thickness and implant volume while reducing the need for immunosuppressive drugs, making it a promising approach for islet cell encapsulation in clinical islet transplantation for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. This study introduces an immunoprotective nanocoating obtained through electrostatic interaction between quaternized phosphocholine-chitosan (PC-QCH) and tetrahydropyran triazole phenyl-alginate (TZ-AL) onto mouse β-cell spheroids.

The contribution of low Apgar scores in identifying neonates with short-term morbidities in a large single center cohort.

Objective: To evaluate the association and utility of low 1- and 5-min Apgar scores to identify short-term morbidities in a large newborn cohort.

Methods: 15,542 infants >22 weeks gestation from a single center were included. Clinical data and low Apgar scores were analyzed for significance to ten short-term outcomes and were used to construct Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves and the AUC calculated for ten outcomes.

A quality improvement strategy to reduce unintended extubation in the very low birth weight infant: A case report.

Background: Unintended extubations remain a common complication across neonatal intensive care units, with very low birthweight infants being the most vulnerable of them all. Ongoing efforts across different institutions exist with the goal of reducing the rate of unintended extubations to keep a median rate of <2 events per 100 ventilator days as defined by the Vermont Oxford Network. Our objective was to reduce unintended extubations in the very low birthweight infant in a large delivery hospital to ≤2/100 ventilator days.

Renewable Human Cell Model for Type 1 Diabetes Research: EndoC-H5/HUVEC Coculture Spheroids.

drug screening for type 1 diabetes therapies has largely been conducted on human organ donor islets for proof of efficacy. While native islets are the ultimate target of these drugs (either or for transplantation), significant benefit can be difficult to ascertain due to the highly heterogeneous nature of individual donors and the overall scarcity of human islets for research. We present an coculture model based on immortalized insulin-producing beta-cell lines with human endothelial cells in 3D spheroids that aims to recapitulate the islet morphology in an effort towards developing a standardized cell model for diabetes research.

The magnitude of common mental illness and associated factors among adult holy water users in Amhara regional state Orthodox Tewahido churches, Ethiopia, 2021.

Background: Because they are prevalent, persistent, and have substantial negative effects on physical health, psychological well-being, and economic implications, common mental illnesses like depression, anxiety, and somatic complaints are major public health problems. Patients with mental illness are devoted to religious therapy including holy water as a coping mechanism for their illnesses. The aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of common mental illness among adult holy water users.

The Apgar score in clinical research: for what, how and by whom it is used.

Objectives: To review how the Apgar score is used in published clinical research as well as who uses it, and how this may have changed between 1989-90 and 2018-19.

Methods: Pubmed search for English publications using MeSH Terms "apgar score" OR "apgar" AND "score" AND "humans" for epochs 1989-90 & 2018-19. The location and specialty of first author, primary purpose and how the Apgar score was used was recorded.

Ascorbic Acid and the Premature Infant.

Little information exists about the plasma target nutritional needs of the >15 million premature infants <37 weeks gestation. Investigating ascorbic acid’s (AscA) role in infant health, our study details the relationship of infant characteristics and maternal health on infant plasma AscA level (pAscA) during postnatal development. Furthermore, we determined pAscA influence during the first week of life (EpAscA) with later infant morbidities.

Familiarity with emergency preparedness and its predictors among nurses and physicians working at public hospitals in east Gojjam zone, northwest Ethiopia.

Objective: Emergency preparedness and response operations for all types of catastrophes rely heavily on healthcare facilities and their staff. On the other hand, hospital employees suffer significant gaps in emergency preparedness knowledge and skills when it comes to treating mass casualties. The objective of this study was to assess the nurses' and physicians' familiarity with emergency preparedness and identify the associated factors.

Prevalence of timely complementary feeding initiation and associated factors among mothers having children aged 6-24 months in rural north-central Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study.

Background: Complementary foods are defined as any solid or liquid foods other than breast milk offered to children. Timely initiation of complementary foods during infancy is necessary for growth and development. The first two years of life are important period for rapid physical, cognitive and social development that requires optimal nutrition.

Consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV positive clients attending ART clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects a highly significant number of people and is responsible for the deaths of many people in sub-Saharan African countries alone. The best prevention method for this virus is through consistent condom utilization which can help to prevent drug-resistant HIV infection and acquisition of new infection. Therefore, this study aimed to assess consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV-positive individuals attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia in 2020.

Fenton vs. Intergrowth-21st: Postnatal Growth Assessment and Prediction of Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants.

Although the survival rate of preterm infants has improved over the years, growth failure and associated impaired neurodevelopmental outcome remains a significant morbidity. Optimal nutrition plays an important role in achieving adequate postnatal growth. Accurate growth monitoring of preterm infants is critical in guiding nutritional protocols.

Willingness to Enroll for Community-Based Health Insurance and Associated Factors in Simada District, North-West, Ethiopia, 2020:A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Community-based health insurance is a not-for-profit type of health insurance that has been used by poor people to protect themselves against the high costs of seeking medical care and treatment for illness. This study aimed to assess communities' willingness to enroll for community-based health insurance (CBHI) and its associated factors in Simada district, Northwest, Ethiopia.

Methods: A community-based mixed cross-sectional study design was conducted.

Utilization of personal protective equipment and associated factors among building construction workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019.

Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) is a material, device, equipment, or clothing used or worn by workers to reduce their chance of exposure or contact with any harmful material or energy that causes injury, disease, or even death. The use of PPE is a universal legal requirement to reduce occupational injuries and illnesses in the workplace. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess PPE utilization and its associated factors among building construction workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019.

Extravasation of total parenteral nutrition into the liver from an upper extremity peripherally inserted central venous catheter.

Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) are the mainstay of central venous access in preterm infants, and one of the common procedures performed in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Complications of PICC include infection, mechanical dysfunction, thrombosis, migration, and extravasation of the infusate. In this report, we describe a case of PICC inserted from an upper extremity with migration into the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the hepatic vein associated with extravasation of the total parenteral nutrition (TPN) into the peritoneum and the liver.

Risky Sexual Behaviors and Associated Factors among Jiga High School and Preparatory School Students, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Background. Young people constitute a large number of population worldwide, and majority of this population group lives in developing countries. They are at high risk of engaging in risky sexual behaviors.

Exploring intended infant feeding decisions among low-income women.

Background: Low-income women have the lowest rates of breastfeeding in the United States. Greater understanding of factors that predict intention to feed artificial breastmilk substitute is needed to inform the design and timing of interventions to promote breastfeeding among vulnerable women. This study aimed to identify demographic and reproductive characteristics and other factors associated with intent to feed artificial breastmilk substitute among low-income women.

Rural healthcare disparities: challenges and solutions for the pregnant opioid-dependent population.

Substance abuse among pregnant women is a significant public health problem affecting both maternal and fetal health. Access to both obstetrical care and substance abuse treatment is a challenge for women in rural West Virginia. A multi-disciplinary collaborative treatment approach for this population is necessary to reach and retain women in treatment.