An optimized method for IgE-mediated degranulation of human lung mast cells.

Background: Mast cells are critically involved in IgE-mediated diseases, e.g., allergies and asthma.

Analysis of human lung mast cells by single cell RNA sequencing.

Mast cells are tissue-resident cells playing major roles in homeostasis and disease conditions. Lung mast cells are particularly important in airway inflammatory diseases such as asthma. Human mast cells are classically divided into the subsets MC and MC, where MC express the mast cell protease tryptase and MC in addition express chymase, carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3) and cathepsin G.

Carbohydrate antigen 125 supplements carbohydrate antigen 19-9 for the prediction of invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.

Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are characterized by their abundant mucin production and malignant potential. IPMNs of the pancreas are mainly managed according to their radiographic indications, but this approach lacks accuracy with regard to IPMN grading. Therefore, serological biomarkers such as CA19-9 and CA125 (MUC16) should be employed to assist in predicting the invasiveness of IPMNs.

Atypical Mucin Expression Predicts Worse Overall Survival in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) displays a typical mucin expression pattern which is characterized by MUC1 positive, MUC2 negative, and MUC5AC positive. More and more evidences show that mucins are involved in the development of pancreatic diseases. However, the relationship between mucin expression and prognosis of PDAC patients has been controversial in the past decades; therefore, we aim to figure out the association of mucin expression with survival in PDAC patients who underwent radical resection.

Aberrant APOBEC3C expression induces characteristic genomic instability in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a well-known lethal and heterogeneous disease. Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) is an important mutagenic driver that has seldom been investigated in PDAC. Therefore, this study investigated the significance of APOBEC3C in PDAC.

Predictive Values of Preoperative Markers for Resectable Pancreatic Body and Tail Cancer Determined by MDCT to Detect Occult Metastases.

Background: To evaluate the clinical value of preoperative markers in predicting occult metastases in resectable pancreatic body and tail cancer judged by a recent multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scan of the abdomen.

Methods: The data from a retrospective collected database from 2010 to 2019 with 699 patients who had MDCT scan predicted resectable mass in pancreatic body and tail and were pathological confirmed as adenocarcinoma after surgery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for serum CA19-9, CA125, CEA and tumor size measured by MDCT.

High GFPT1 expression predicts unfavorable outcomes in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is the first rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), which plays a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therefore, we investigated the prognostic significance of GFPT1 expression in patients with resectable PDAC.

Methods: We analyzed public datasets to compare GFPT1 expression in tumor tissues and normal/adjacent pancreatic tissues.

Fibrinogen/Albumin Ratio as a Promising Marker for Predicting Survival in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Background: The fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) has been widely reported to be a possible biomarker for predicting prognosis in several types of tumors, but the prognostic value of the FAR in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (Pan-NENs) has not been systematically studied.

Patients And Methods: In total, 324 patients with Pan-NENs were recruited. The patients were divided into 2 subgroups according to the FAR cutoff value, and clinicopathological characteristics of the 2 subgroups were compared.

Clinical implication of serum CA125 for the prediction of malignancy in mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas.

Mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) of the pancreas have malignant potential. Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is a common widely used biomarker for cancers. However, the role of CA125 in predicting the malignant change of MCNs is currently unidentified.

Molecular alterations and targeted therapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Genetic mutations and altered molecular pathways serve as targets in precise therapy. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS), these aberrant alterations can be identified and used to develop strategies that will selectively kill cancerous cells in patients with PDAC.

High pre-operative fasting blood glucose levels predict a poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour.

Background: Hyperglycaemia has been indicated as a pro-tumoural factor; however, the prognostic role of diabetes mellitus (DM) in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (panNETs) remains ambiguous, partly due to the effects of anti-diabetic drugs. We hypothesise that the blood sugar level per se affects the outcome of panNETs, and thus, we investigated the prognostic significance of the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level in resected panNET patients with no pre-existing DM.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study comprising 201 patients with radically resected non-functional panNETs was conducted.

Absolute Counts of Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets Correlate with the Progression-Free Survival and Metastatic Status of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumour Patients.

Purpose: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (panNETs) are rare tumours of pancreas. Lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood are reported to reflect tumour prognosis and progression. The objective of the study is to investigate the hypotheses that the levels of peripheral lymphocytes may reflect tumour progression and may predict the prognosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (panNETs).

Roles of CA19-9 in pancreatic cancer: Biomarker, predictor and promoter.

Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is the best validated biomarker and an indicator of aberrant glycosylation in pancreatic cancer. CA19-9 functions as a biomarker, predictor, and promoter in pancreatic cancer. As a biomarker, the sensitivity is approximately 80%, and the major challenges involve false positives in conditions of inflammation and nonpancreatic cancers and false negatives in Lewis-negative Individuals.

Prognosis of distal pancreatic cancers controlled by stage.

Patients with distal (body/tail) pancreatic cancer have been found to present worse outcome than patients with head cancer, which is generally attributed to the great proportion of advanced stages for body/tail cancers upon detection. However, differences in prognosis between head and body/tail pancreatic cancers controlled by stage have not been analyzed in-depth. In this study, differences in prognosis between head and body/tail pancreatic cancers were examined using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) (1973-2014 registry, 85,715 cases).

Diabetes Is Associated With the Metastasis of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with several types of cancers, but the role of T2DM in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) has not been systematically studied.

Methods: In this study, 299 patients with pNETs were recruited, and the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of the diabetic and nondiabetic patients were compared. The association between metformin use and survival was assessed to examine whether metformin impacts the prognosis of pNETs patients.

Lewis antigen‑negative pancreatic cancer: An aggressive subgroup.

Carbohydrate antigen 19‑9 (CA19‑9) is the most important biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Approximately 5‑10% of individuals are Lewis antigen negative with scarce secretion of CA19‑9 and fucosylation deficiency. However, the characteristics of Lewis‑negative pancreatic cancer are unidentified.

Resected Pancreatic Cancer With N2 Node Involvement Is Refractory to Gemcitabine-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy.

Lymphatic metastasis is a major determinant of the outcome of resected pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the outcome of resected pancreatic cancer. However, the efficacy of gemcitabine against pancreatic cancer stratified by nodal involvement is unclear.

Prior history of acute pancreatitis predicts poor survival in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background/objectives: Mounting evidence has suggested that acute pancreatitis (AP) is a risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but its role in survival in PDAC patients was rarely investigated. The objective was to investigate the association of a history of AP with survival among PDAC patients who underwent surgical resection.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study comprising 632 patients who were diagnosed with resectable PDAC was conducted.

Prognostic Value of the C-Reactive Protein/Lymphocyte Ratio in Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: Many inflammatory markers can be used for the prognostication of pancreatic cancer, but which combination of inflammatory factors may be the best remains unclear. This study focused on the potential feasibility of the newly discovered C-reactive protein (CRP)/lymphocyte ratio (CLR) as a prognostic biomarker for patients with pancreatic cancer.

Methods: The study enrolled 997 patients with pancreatic cancer.

HNF-1a promotes pancreatic cancer growth and apoptosis resistance via its target gene PKLR.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest malignant tumors, and many genes play important roles in its development. The hepatocyte nuclear factor-1a (HNF-1a) gene encodes HNF-1a, which is a transcriptional activator. HNF-1a regulates the tissue-specific expression of multiple genes, especially in pancreatic islet cells and in the liver.

Kras mutation correlating with circulating regulatory T cells predicts the prognosis of advanced pancreatic cancer patients.

Purpose: Kras mutation and abnormal immune status are associated with pancreatic cancer development and progression. In this study, we evaluated the Kras mutation status in circulating tumor DNA and circulating T cell subsets in a cohort of advanced pancreatic cancer patients.

Methods: Samples were retrospectively obtained from a series of 210 pathological advanced pancreatic cancer patients between 2012 and 2014.

The CRP/Albumin Ratio Predicts Survival And Monitors Chemotherapeutic Effectiveness In Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

Purpose: The CRP/albumin (Alb) ratio, a recently reported predictor, has shown value for prognosis in various human cancers. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of baseline CRP/Alb and to explore the relevance between postchemotherapy CRP/Alb and the efficacy of chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: Five hundred and ninety-five patients diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were enrolled.

AJCC 7th edition staging classification is more applicable than AJCC 8th edition staging classification for invasive IPMN.

Background: Both the 7th and 8th editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging systems have been introduced for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, the applicability of these classifications for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) has not been systematically examined.

Methods: Patients with invasive IPMN were retrieved from a cohort of 18 geographical sites (1973-2014 varying) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Pancreatic Cancer by Histological Subtypes.

Objectives: Except pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer has several uncommon histological subtypes, including invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET), adenosquamous carcinoma, invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN), acinar cell carcinoma (ACC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and invasive solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT). However, features of theses uncommon subtypes are not systematically analyzed.

Methods: Subjects with different histological subtypes of pancreatic cancers were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry.