10,000-h-stable intermittent alkaline seawater electrolysis.

Seawater electrolysis powered by renewable electricity provides an attractive strategy for producing green hydrogen. However, direct seawater electrolysis faces many challenges, primarily arising from corrosion and competing reactions at the anode caused by the abundance of halide ions (Cl, Br) in seawater. Previous studies on seawater electrolysis have mainly focused on the anode development, because the cathode operates at reducing potentials, which is not subject to electrode dissolution or chloride corrosion reactions during seawater electrolysis.