Malignant transformation of cervical ganglioglioma to glioblastoma in a pediatric patient: illustrative case.

Background: Gangliogliomas are low-grade gliomas typically found in the temporal lobes with a low rate of malignant transformation. In rare cases, they may be found in the spinal axis.

Observations: An 8-year-old boy presented with 2 months of neck pain and upper extremity incoordination and was found to have a cervicomedullary lesion.

Status of sleeping habits and its influence on growth and metabolism of children in Beijing: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Sleep disturbances are associated with poor health outcomes in children. However, the sleep problems that occur in children's growth and metabolism need to be further studied. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of sleep habits on the growth and metabolism in school-aged children.

Intracranial Gunshot Wounds: An Assessment of Patient Characteristics on Surgical Outcomes.

Background/objective: Intracranial gunshot wounds (GSW) are often fatal, with most patients dying before intervention can occur. Surgical management, when indicated, results in decreased mortality. We sought to assess the neurosurgical outcomes and economic costs of intracranial GSW.

Associations of BMI growth rates and body composition with cardiometabolic risks in Chinese preschool children.

Objective: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) growth rates, body composition, and cardiometabolic markers in preschool children.

Methods: Three-year-old children were recruited for this cohort study. BMI and body composition measurements were obtained at enrollment, with multiple BMI measurements spanning ages 1 month to 3 years extracted from medical records.

Associations of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk with Obesity, Body Composition and Metabolic Abnormalities in School-Aged Children and Adolescents.

The objective of this study is to explore the associations between obesity, body composition, and the self-reported risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to examine whether the risk of OSA is related to metabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years. Utilizing data from the 2022 to 2023 Beijing Children and Adolescents Health Cohort baseline survey, 5000 school-aged participants were analyzed. OSA risk was assessed via the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, with anthropometric and body composition measurements taken.

Body mass index growth trajectories and body composition influencing factors: An ambidirectional preschooler cohort.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to explore the latent growth trajectory of body mass index (BMI) from birth to 24 months and comprehensively analyze body composition development influencing factor in preschool children.

Methods: This ambidirectional cohort study was conducted in Tianjin, China, from 2017 to 2020, and children's regular medical check-up data from birth to 24 months were retrospectively collected. The growth models were used to fit BMI z-score trajectories for children aged 0-24 months.

Effects of hydrothermal treatment on the reduction of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes and the fertilizer potential of liquid product from cattle manure.

In this study, the reduction in the abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and the fertilizer potential of liquid products from hydrothermally treated cattle manure were investigated. Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) was conducted under different reaction temperatures (125, 150, 175 and 200 °C) and retention times (60, 90 and 120 min). The total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) of the liquid product increased with increasing reaction temperature.

Perception and response of skeleton to mechanical stress.

Mechanical stress stands as a fundamental factor in the intricate processes governing the growth, development, morphological shaping, and maintenance of skeletal mass. The profound influence of stress in shaping the skeletal framework prompts the assertion that stress essentially births the skeleton. Despite this acknowledgment, the mechanisms by which the skeleton perceives and responds to mechanical stress remain enigmatic.

Patient Cranial Angle and Intrafractional Stability in CyberKnife Robotic Radiosurgery: A Retrospective Analysis.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether variations in cranial angles and treatment accuracy during CyberKnife robotic radiosurgery necessitate adjustment of the margins of the planning target volume. Data from 66 patients receiving CyberKnife treatment for brain tumors were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were immobilized using a thermoplastic mask and headrest.

Scorpio and centipede ameliorate asthma by inhibiting the crosstalk between ferroptosis and inflammation in airway epithelial cells.

Objectives: We previously revealed that scorpio and centipede (SC) improve the inflammatory response in asthma, whereas it is unclear whether ferroptosis is involved in this process.

Materials And Methods: The asthmatic mouse model was established and lung tissues were collected for histopathological examination. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin- (IL-)1β, Fe, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed in asthmatic mice and mouse airway epithelial cells.

A Model for Predicting the Duration of Viral Shedding in Patients Who Had Been Hospitalized with Mild COVID-19: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Clinical decision-making is enhanced by the development of a mathematical model for prognosis prediction. Screening criteria associated with viral shedding time and developing a prediction model facilitate clinical decision-making and are, thus, of great medical value.

Methods: This study comprised 631 patients who were hospitalized with mild COVID-19 from a single center and 30 independent variables included.

The preventive effect of dexmedetomidine on anesthesia complications in strabismus surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Dexmedetomidine is a medication that has analgesic, sedative, and anti-anxiety properties. In the clinical, it is often used to prevent common complications associated with strabismus surgery, including postoperative delirium, postoperative nausea and vomiting, postoperative pain, and oculocardiac reflex. However, its effectiveness and side effects of the present studies are different.

A comparison of bioelectrical impedance analysis and air displacement plethysmography to assess body composition in children.

Background: Accurate assessment of body composition (BC) is important to investigate the development of childhood obesity. A bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) device is portable and inexpensive compared with air displacement plethysmography (ADP) for the assessment of BC and is widely used in children. However, studies of the effectiveness of BIA are few and present different results, especially in pediatric populations.

Impact of Early Life Factors on Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity in Preschool Children.

Objective: To investigate the impact of factors in the first 1,000 days of life on metabolic phenotypes of obesity in preschool children in a cohort study.

Research Design And Methods: We recruited 3-year-old children for the study. Early life factors included maternal age at delivery, maternal education, prepregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, gravidity, history of gestational diabetes mellitus, delivery mode, gestational age, family history of metabolic disorders, paternal education, annual family income, child sex, birth weight, and breastfeeding duration.

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict occult cervical metastasis in early oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Lack of adequate objectivity and universality, available models are still difficult to be applied to clinical practice in predicting occult cervical metastasis of early oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Taking abnormal metabolic state into consideration, the current model is helpful to distinguish those patients with or without occult cervical metastasis.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 330 OSCC patients initially diagnosed cT1-2N0M0 stage and received neck dissection from January 2020 to July 2022.

Evaluation of the Position Error of Wearing Surgical Masks During Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Wearing a mask during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic (COVID-19) is a preventive way to reduce droplet and aerosol transmission. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the position error of wearing a surgical mask during radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: We collected and analyzed 2351 kV X-ray image records of 81 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT).

Analysis and Comparison of Early Childhood Nutritional Outcomes Among Offspring of Chinese Women Under the Chinese 2021 and US 2009 Gestational Weight Gain Guidelines.

Importance: In 2009, the US National Academy of Medicine (NAM) released revised gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines, which were established primarily for White North American women and may be unsuitable for Asian women. In 2021, the Chinese Nutrition Society (CNS) released its GWG guidelines, but their applicability requires re-examination.

Objective: To compare the differences between the CNS and NAM recommendations for GWG in association with health outcomes in the offspring of Chinese women.

The Relationship between Fat Mass Percentage and Glucose Metabolism in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

To assess the relationship between fat mass percentage (FMP) and glucose metabolism in children aged 0−18 years we performed a systematic review of the literature on Medline/PubMed, SinoMed, Embase and Cochrane Library using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines up to 12 October 2021 for observational studies that assessed the relationship of FMP and glucose metabolism. Twenty studies with 18,576 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that FMP was significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (r = 0.

Association of Cesarean Delivery with Trajectories of Growth and Body Composition in Preschool Children.

This study aimed to examine the association of cesarean delivery with trajectories of growth and body composition in preschool children. This ambidirectional cohort study was conducted between 2017 and 2020 in China. Information on the delivery mode, weight, and length/height of the children measured at routine healthcare visits was obtained from maternal and child health records.

The Relationship Between Fat-Free Mass and Glucose Metabolism in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between fat-free mass (FFM) and glucose metabolism in children 0-18 years of age.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature on Medline/PubMed, SinoMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines to 12 October 2021; this encompassed observational studies in which the relationship between FFM and glucose metabolism was assessed. Correlation coefficient (), regression coefficient (β), and odds ratio (OR) values in the studies were extracted and recorded as the primary data.

FractureNet: A 3D Convolutional Neural Network Based on the Architecture of m-Ary Tree for Fracture Type Identification.

To address the problem of automatic identification of fine-grained fracture types, in this paper, we propose a novel framework using 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) to learn fracture features from voxelized bone models which are obtained by establishing isomorphic mapping from fractured bones to a voxelized template. The network, which is named FractureNet, consists of four discriminators forming a multi-stage hierarchy. Each discriminator includes multiple sub-classifiers.

Removal of chlortetracycline from water using spent tea leaves-based biochar as adsorption-enhanced persulfate activator.

Antibiotic compounds have caused serious environmental concerns. In this study, we developed an effective technology for treatment of chlortetracycline (CTC), a widely used antibiotic compound. A natural heteroatom-doped spent tea leaves-based biochar (STLB) with excellent adsorption and catalytic property was prepared by simple thermal treatment.