Royal Jelly Acid Alleviates Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia through Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Tryptophan Metabolism.

Royal jelly acid is a unique unsaturated fatty acid isolated from royal jelly. Recently, royal jelly acid was proposed to have potential therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia. However, its effect on hyperlipidemia and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Use of Relay Method for Enhancing Comb Construction by Utilizing .

Italian honey bees (IHBs, ) exhibit superior comb-building abilities compared with Chinese honey bees (CHBs, ), which often fail to fully utilize wax foundations, resulting in incomplete comb structures. The present study aimed to accelerate comb construction in CHB colonies using IHBs. In the experiment, IHB colonies, each with approximately 42,000 adult workers, required over four hours to construct a semi-drawn comb on CHB wax foundations.

Precise nano-system-based drug delivery and synergistic therapy against androgen receptor-positive triple-negative breast cancer.

Targeting androgen receptor (AR) has shown great therapeutic potential in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet its efficacy remains unsatisfactory. Here, we aimed to identify promising targeted agents that synergize with enzalutamide, a second-generation AR inhibitor, in TNBC. By using a strategy for screening drug combinations based on the Sensitivity Index (SI), we found that MK-8776, a selective checkpoint kinase1 (CHK1) inhibitor, showed favorable synergism with enzalutamide in AR-positive TNBC.

Estrogen receptor beta suppresses the androgen receptor oncogenic effects in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for luminal androgen receptor (LAR) TNBC. However, multiple studies have claimed that anti-androgen therapy for AR-positive TNBC only has limited clinical benefits.

Asiaticoside-nitric oxide promoting diabetic wound healing through the miRNA-21-5p/TGF-β1/SMAD7/TIMP3 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban is an ethnobotanical herb. The main bioactive components of Centella asiatica are pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides, namely asiaticoside and hydroxyasiaticoside.

Protective effect of solanesol in glucose-induced hepatocyte injury: Mechanistic insights on oxidative stress and mitochondrial preservation.

Solanesol is a tetra sesquiterpene enol with various biological activities. Modern medical studies have confirmed that solanesol has the function of lipid antioxidation and scavenges free radicals. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of solanesol against oxidative damage induced by high glucose on human normal hepatocytes (L-02 cells) and its possible mechanism.

Exploring potential network pharmacology-and molecular docking-based mechanism of melittin in treating rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of difficult-to-cure arthralgia with a worldwide prevalence. It severely affects people's living standards. For a long time, bee venom has been used to treat RA and has shown good results.

Macrophage polarization in diabetic wound healing.

Impaired wound healing is one of the severe complications of diabetes. Macrophages have been shown to play a vital role in wound healing. In different wound environments, macrophages are classified into two phenotypes: classically activated macrophages and alternatively activated macrophages.

Inhibition of MYC suppresses programmed cell death ligand-1 expression and enhances immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). One of the immunosuppressive pathways involves programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), but many patients derived little benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockades treatment. Prior research has shown that MYC, a master transcription amplifier highly expressed in TNBC cells, can regulate the tumor immune microenvironment and constrain the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Microenvironment components and spatially resolved single-cell transcriptome atlas of breast cancer metastatic axillary lymph nodes.

As an indicator of clinical prognosis, lymph node metastasis of breast cancer has drawn great attention. Many reports have revealed the characteristics of metastatic breast cancer cells, however, the effect of breast cancer cells on the microenvironment components of lymph nodes and spatial transcriptome atlas remains unclear. In this study, by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics, we investigate the transcriptional profiling of six surgically excised lymph node samples and the spatial organization of one positive lymph node.

Molecular mechanisms of Marine-Derived Natural Compounds as photoprotective strategies.

Excessive exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) causes oxidative stress, inflammation, immunosuppression, apoptosis, and changes in the extracellular matrix, which lead to the development of photoaging and photodamage of skin. At the molecular level, these pathological changes are mainly caused by the activation of related protein kinases and downstream transcription pathways, the increase of matrix metalloproteinase, the formation of reactive oxygen species, and the combined action of cytokines and inflammatory mediators. At present, the photostability, toxicity, and damage to marine ecosystems of most sun protection products in the market have affected their efficacy and safety.

Fibroblasts: Immunomodulatory factors in refractory diabetic wound healing.

Diabetes is a systemic disease in which patients with diabetes may develop peripheral neuropathy of the lower extremities and peripheral vascular disease due to long-term continuous exposure to high glucose. Delayed wound healing in diabetes is one of the major complications of diabetes. Slow wound healing in diabetic patients is associated with high glucose toxicity.

Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Polysaccharides protect fibroblasts against UVA-induced photoaging via JNK/c-Jun/MMPs pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dendrobium nobile Lindl. is an orchid species that is found throughout Asia, including Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and China. It has been used to treat tumors, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and neurological disorders caused by aging in recent decades.

Preparation and Safety Evaluation of Total Glycosides Nitric Oxide Gel and Its Therapeutic Effect on Diabetic Cutaneous Ulcers.

Diabetic cutaneous ulcers (DCU) are a chronic and refractory complication of diabetes mellitus, which can lead to amputation or even death in extreme cases. Promoting the early healing of DCU and reducing the disability rate and treatment cost are important research topics in treating with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. total glycosides are extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine and have angiogenic, anticancer, antioxidant, and wound healing effects.

Probiotic Potential and Effects on Gut Microbiota Composition and Immunity of Indigenous Gut Lactobacilli in Apis cerana.

This study aimed to investigate the probiotic potential of gut indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) originated from Apis cerana. Six Limosilactobacillus reuteri and one Lactobacillus helveticus were isolated from gut samples of A. cerana adult worker bee.

Cell orientation characteristics of the natural combs of honey bee colonies.

The cell orientation characteristics of the natural combs of honey bees have received much research attention. Although natural combs have been shown to be composed of cells with three orientations-vertical, intermediate (oblique), and horizontal-the proportion of comb cells in these three orientations varies. Knowledge of the comb-building preferences of honey bees is essential for the installation of wax comb foundations, and clarification of the cell orientation characteristics of natural honey bee combs is important for beekeeping.

A six-gene signature related with tumor mutation burden for predicting lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and patients with lymph node metastasis always suffer from a worse prognosis. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been reported as a potential predictor for tumor behaviors. However, the correlation between TMB and lymph node metastasis of BC remains unclear.

Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics on Gut Microbiota.

This study aimed to investigate effects of the selected prebiotics alone, and in combination with two potential probiotic strains on the microbial composition of gut microbiota and acid production. Four prebiotics, inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, xylo-oligosaccharides, and isomalto-oligosaccharides were chosen, and glucose served as the carbon source. Supplementation of this four prebiotics increased numbers of and lactic acid bacteria while decreasing the pH value of fermentation broth inoculated with gut microbiota compared to glucose.

Fibroblast Growth Factor in Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Progress and Therapeutic Prospects.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a combination of neuropathy and various degrees of peripheral vasculopathy in diabetic patients resulting in lower extremity infection, ulcer formation, and deep-tissue necrosis. The difficulty of wound healing in diabetic patients is caused by a high glucose environment and various biological factors in the patient. The patients' skin local microenvironment changes and immune chemotactic response dysfunction.

The Multiple Roles of Fibroblast Growth Factor in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication in the late stages of diabetes. Currently, the etiology and pathogenesis of DN are not well understood. Even so, available evidence shows its development is associated with metabolism, oxidative stress, cytokine interaction, genetic factors, and renal microvascular disease.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cell heterogeneity and transcriptome profile of breast cancer lymph node metastasis.

Molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer lymph node metastasis remain unclear. Using single-cell sequencing, we investigated the transcriptome profile of 96,796 single cells from 15 paired samples of primary tumors and axillary lymph nodes. We identified nine cancer cell subclusters including CD44 + / ALDH2 + /ALDH6A1 + breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which had a copy-number variants profile similar to that of normal breast tissue.

FGF, Mechanism of Action, Role in Parkinson's Disease, and Therapeutics.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with severe disability and adverse effects on life quality. In PD, motor dysfunction can occur, such as quiescence, muscle stiffness, and postural instability. PD is also associated with autonomic nervous dysfunction, sleep disorders, psychiatric symptoms, and other non-motor symptoms.