Microbial mechanisms for higher hydrogen production in anaerobic digestion at constant temperature versus gradient heating.

Background: Clean energy hydrogen (H) produced from abundant lignocellulose is an alternative to fossil energy. As an essential influencing factor, there is a lack of comparison between constant temperatures (35, 55 and 65 °C) and gradient heating temperature (35 to 65 °C) on the H production regulation potential from lignocellulose-rich straw via high-solid anaerobic digestion (HS-AD). More importantly, the microbial mechanism of temperature regulating H accumulation needs to be investigated.

Promoting nitrogen conversion in aerobic biotransformation of swine slurry with the co-application of manganese sulfate and biochar.

This study aimed to explore the co-application of MnSO (Mn) and biochar (BC) in nitrogen conversion during the composting process. A 70-day aerobic composting was conducted using swine slurry, supplemented with different levels of Mn (0, 0.25%, and 0.

Effects of Fe-N co-modified biochar on methanogenesis performance, microbial community, and metabolic pathway during anaerobic co-digestion of alternanthera philoxeroides and cow manure.

The performance of anaerobic digestion (AD) is susceptible to disturbances in feedstock degradation, intermediates accumulation, and methanogenic archaea activity. To improve the methanogenesis performance of the AD system, Fe-N co-modified biochar was prepared under different pyrolysis temperatures (300,500, and 700 °C). Meanwhile, pristine and Fe-modified biochar were also derived from alternanthera philoxeroides (AP).

Reactivation of an air-passivated lithium metal anode through halogen regulation.

A comprehensive study was conducted to investigate the failure mechanism of the lithium metal anode (LMA) in air. Simultaneously, an effective reactivation strategy was developed using halogen regulation. Specifically, iodine treatment converts the passivation layer of the exposed Li into LiI with fast Li transport ability, thereby improving the electrochemical performance.

Study on the effect of Jianpi Yiqi decoction on clinical symptoms, inflammation, oxidative stress, efficacy and adverse reactions in sufferers with colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the colon or rectum, which are part of the digestive system. It usually develops from small growths called polyps that can turn cancerous over time. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Jianpi Yiqi prescription on clinical symptoms, inflammation, oxidative stress, efficacy, and adverse reactions in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

A Robust Parallel Initialization Method for Monocular Visual-Inertial SLAM.

In order to improve the initialization robustness of visual inertial SLAM, the complementarity of the optical flow method and the feature-based method can be used in vision data processing. The parallel initialization method is proposed, where the optical flow inertial initialization and the monocular feature-based initialization are carried out at the same time. After the initializations, the state estimation results are jointly optimized by bundle adjustment.

A low-concentration all-fluorinated electrolyte for stable lithium metal batteries.

A low-concentration (0.5 M) all-fluorinated electrolyte (LCAFE) was designed to stabilize high-energy-density lithium metal batteries. Introducing fluorinated solvents can control the electrolyte's solvation structure, interfacial chemistry, and physicochemical properties.

YYFZBJS inhibits colorectal tumorigenesis by remodeling gut microbiota and influence on M2 macrophage polarization and .

Our previous studies indicated that the extract of Yi-Yi-Fu-Zi-Bai-Jiang-San (YYFZBJS) had potent anticancer activities by significantly inhibiting intestinal tumor development in mice. However, knowledge regarding the mechanism and effect of YYFZBJS in the prevention of colorectal cancer is limited. In this study, we aim to investigate the preventive effects of YYFZBJS in (ETBF)-colonized mice with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced tumorigenesis.

Recycling of Nutrients from Dairy Wastewater by Extremophilic Microalgae with High Ammonia Tolerance.

This study explored the possibility of incorporating extremophilic algal cultivation into dairy wastewater treatment by characterizing a unique algal strain. Results showed that extremophilic microalgae CA1 newly isolated from dairy wastewater tolerated a high level of ammonia nitrogen (2.7 g/L), which was over 20 times the ammonia nitrogen that regular sp.

Directional Structure Modification of Poplar Biomass-Inspired High Efficacy of Enzymatic Hydrolysis by Sequential Dilute Acid-Alkali Treatment.

A major challenge in converting lignocellulose to biofuel is overcoming the resistance of the biomass structure. Herein, sequential dilute acid-alkali/aqueous ammonia treatment was evaluated to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar biomass by removing hemicellulose first and then removing lignin with acid and base, respectively. The results show that glucose release in sequential dilute acid-alkali treatments (61.

Effect of liquid digestate recirculation on biogas production and enzyme activities for anaerobic digestion of corn straw.

To accelerate the degradation of substrate, 50% liquid digestate recirculation (LDR) was used in the anaerobic digestion (AD) of corn straw. The effects of recirculation on the enzyme activities and biogas production were investigated by comparing with control reactor (Reactor). During the AD process, the fermentation system with 50% LDR was more stable.

Weak-base pretreatment to increase biomethane production from wheat straw.

Weak-base pretreatment of wheat straw was investigated for its ability to improve biomethane production. Anaerobic digestion (AD) was performed on wheat straw pretreated with 3%, 5%, or 7% NaCO as a weak base. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra demonstrated disruption of lignocellulosic structures by pretreatment.

The effect of comprehensive rehabilitation program plus chemotherapy on quality of life in patients with postoperative non-small-cell lung cancer: study protocol of a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Background: Comprehensive rehabilitation therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely applied in various cancer treatments in China. Thus far, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been shown effective in reducing the adverse effects of chemotherapy and improving the quality of life (QoL) during chemotherapy. The purpose of the present study is to compare the effects of CHM plus Liu Zi Jue (LZJ) exercises with CHM plus rehabilitation education and with placebo plus rehabilitation education in patients who have undergone complete resection for nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) followed by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

A misalignment angle error calibration method of underwater acoustic array in strapdown inertial navigation system/ultrashort baseline integrated navigation system based on single transponder mode.

The angle misalignment error of a USBL (Ultrashort Baseline) acoustic array is one of the major error sources of the strapdown inertial navigation system/USBL positioning system, which will directly affect the positioning accuracy of the USBL positioning system. For the traditional calibration method cannot accurately estimate the angle misalignment error due to its strict trajectory requirements in the field experiment and the high-precision layout of the transceiver array elements, a new method for estimating the angle misalignment error of a USBL acoustic array based on single transponder and dual-vector reconstruction is studied in this paper. The precondition of USBL misalignment calibration is to locate the underwater transponder accurately.

Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure Under Gradually Elevated Organic Loading Rates.

Poultry manure is the main source of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution, and its effective disposal through anaerobic digestion (AD) is of great significance; meanwhile, the high nitrogen content of chicken manure makes it a typical feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The performance of chicken-manure-based AD at gradient organic loading rates (OLRs) in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was investigated herein. The whole AD process was divided into five stages according to different OLRs, and it lasted for 150 days.

Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of wood vinegars at different pyrolysis temperature ranges obtained from Olivers branches.

Pyrolysis is a promising approach for converting biomass to solids, liquids, and gases. Herein wood vinegars (WVs) were produced from pyrolysis of Olivers (EUO) branches in different temperature ranges that were labeled as WV and WV The yield, the physicochemical characteristics, the chemical composition, and the antimicrobial activity of the WVs were comprehensively investigated. During the pyrolysis process, as the temperature increased, the yield of the WVs increased firstly and then decreased, and WV achieved the maximum yield of 236.

A technology for strongly improving methane production from rice straw: freeze-thaw pretreatment.

Overcoming the complex three dimensional structure of biomass is a major challenge in enhancing anaerobic digestion (AD) efficacy. Freeze-thaw pretreatment was proposed herein in order to improve methane production from rice straw. The effect was notable: average methane content for group-A (-4 °C) and -B (-20 °C) were A1 (-4 °C, 12 h): 40.

Relationship between Gingival Crevicular Fluid Microbiota and Cytokine Profile in Periodontal Host Homeostasis.

As potential biomarkers in periodontitis, microbiome, and cytokines have recently been extensively investigated, but combined analyses of the variations between the microbial structure and cytokine composition are rare. The present study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the combined profile of microbiome and cytokines in individuals with or without periodontitis. The microbiome and cytokine composition in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from 16 patients and 15 controls from Jishi Shan (Gansu, China) were analyzed using 454 pyrosequencing and RayBio Quantibody Arrays.

An IMM-Aided ZUPT Methodology for an INS/DVL Integrated Navigation System.

Inertial navigation system (INS)/Doppler velocity log (DVL) integration is the most common navigation solution for underwater vehicles. Due to the complex underwater environment, the velocity information provided by DVL always contains some errors. To improve navigation accuracy, zero velocity update (ZUPT) technology is considered, which is an effective algorithm for land vehicles to mitigate the navigation error during the pure INS mode.

In-motion coarse alignment method based on reconstructed observation vectors.

In this paper, an in-motion coarse alignment method is proposed based on the reconstructed observation vectors. Since the complicated noises are contained in the outputs of the inertial sensors, the components of measurement observation vectors, which are constructed by the sensors' outputs, are analyzed in detail. To suppress the high-frequency noises, an effective digital filter based on the Infinite Impulse Response technology is employed.

A RLS-SVM Aided Fusion Methodology for INS during GPS Outages.

In order to maintain a relatively high accuracy of navigation performance during global positioning system (GPS) outages, a novel robust least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM)-aided fusion methodology is explored to provide the pseudo-GPS position information for the inertial navigation system (INS). The relationship between the yaw, specific force, velocity, and the position increment is modeled. Rather than share the same weight in the traditional LS-SVM, the proposed algorithm allocates various weights for different data, which makes the system immune to the outliers.