Coronary health index based on immunoglobulin light chains to assess coronary heart disease risk with machine learning: a diagnostic trial.

Background: Recent studies suggest a connection between immunoglobulin light chains (IgLCs) and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, current diagnostic methods using peripheral blood IgLCs levels or subtype ratios show limited accuracy for CHD, lacking comprehensive assessment and posing challenges in early detection and precise disease severity evaluation. We aim to develop and validate a Coronary Health Index (CHI) incorporating total IgLCs levels and their distribution.

Whole-genome sequencing identifies novel loci for keratoconus and facilitates risk stratification in a Han Chinese population.

Background: Keratoconus (KC) is a prevalent corneal condition with a modest genetic basis. Recent studies have reported significant genetic associations in multi-ethnic cohorts. However, the situation in the Chinese population remains unknown.

Joint association of triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and a body shape index (ABSI) with stroke incidence: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Background: Triglyceride glucose index(TyG) and a body shape index(ABSI) are both independent predictor of stroke incidence or adverse prognosis but these two indicators seldom were combined to predict. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the combination of TyG and ABSI better predict the incidence of stroke.

Methods: Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS), 8,257 people aged 45 years and older without stroke were enrolled and followed up to 9 years.

The additive effect of the stress hyperglycemia ratio on type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study.

Background: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has recently gained attention as a marker for acute hyperglycemia, which has been linked to adverse clinical outcomes. However, its independent role in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains understudied. This cohort study aimed to assess the association between SHR and the incidence of T2D.

Global, regional, and national burden of esophageal cancer: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background And Objective: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer globally and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. This study aimed to provide an updated stratified assessment of rates in EC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 by sex, age, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) at global, regional, and national levels, as well as to project the future trends of EC both globally and regionally.

Methods: Data about age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence (ASIR), mortality (ASDR), probability of death (ASPoD) and DALYs (ASDALYRs) of EC were obtained from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.

Comprehensive analysis of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq reveals the non-cardiomyocytes heterogeneity and novel cell populations in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most common causes of heart failure. Infiltration and alterations in non-cardiomyocytes of the human heart involve crucially in the occurrence of DCM and associated immunotherapeutic approaches.

Methods: We constructed a single-cell transcriptional atlas of DCM and normal patients.

Exosomal circ_0006896 promotes AML progression via interaction with HDAC1 and restriction of antitumor immunity.

Background: Drug resistance and immune escape continue to contribute to poor prognosis in AML. Increasing evidence suggests that exosomes play a crucial role in AML immune microenvironment.

Methods: Sanger sequencing, RNase R and fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed to confirm the existence of circ_0006896.

BMAL1 ameliorates type 2 diabetes-induced cognitive impairment via AREG upregulation and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway activation.

Cognitive impairment is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the mechanisms underlying the development of cognitive dysfunction in individuals with T2DM remain elusive. Herein, we discussed the role of Bmal1, a core circadian rhythm-regulating gene, in the process of T2DM-associated cognitive dysfunction.

A hybrid CNN-Bi-LSTM model with feature fusion for accurate epilepsy seizure detection.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy continue to face numerous challenges, highlighting the urgent need for the development of rapid, accurate, and non-invasive methods for seizure detection. In recent years, advancements in the analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have garnered widespread attention, particularly in the area of seizure recognition.

Methods: A novel hybrid deep learning approach that combines feature fusion for efficient seizure detection is proposed in this study.

Can integrated care interventions strengthen primary care and improve outcomes for patients with chronic diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: An increasing number of people live with chronic disease or multi-morbidity. Current consensus is that their care requires an integrated model bringing different professionals together to provide person-centred care. Although primary care has a central role in managing chronic disease, and integration may be important in strengthening this role, previous research has shown insufficient attention to the relationships between primary care and integration.

Cromolyn sodium reduces LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the EMT process enhanced by MC-derived IL-13.

Background: Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection. When this inflammatory response spreads to the lungs, it can lead to acute lung injury (ALI) or more severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Pulmonary fibrosis is a potential complication of these conditions, and the early occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis is associated with a higher mortality rate.

Job burnout and resilience among palliative care professionals in china: a qualitative study.

Background: Medical professionals who are engaged in palliative care commonly experience negative emotions resulting from the pain and grief experienced by patients and family members, which results in enormous psychological pressure for professionals, and the risk related to job burnout is significantly greater.

Objective: We aimed to explore the factors influencing job burnout and resilience among palliative care professionals.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using semistructured interviews and purposeful sampling methods.

Prevalence and influencing factors of the dyadic psychological stress among patients with lung cancer and their family caregivers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A lung cancer diagnosis has a huge impact on the psychological well-being of both patients and family caregivers. However, the current psychological stress status among dyads remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and identify the factors that influence patients with lung cancer and their caregivers.

Association between lipid accumulation product and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Research indicates that obesity can worsen the clinical manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Timely detection of COPD has the potential to enhance treatment results. This study seeks to investigate the association between a new metabolic indicator, the lipid accumulation product (LAP), and the risk of developing COPD.

Sedated and unsedated gastroscopy has no influence on the outcomes of patients with gastric cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: Different anesthetic drugs and techniques may affect survival outcomes for gastric cancer (GC) after surgery. In this study, we investigated the association between sedated and unsedated gastroscopy on survival outcomes in patients with GC after surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients who were diagnosed with GC by gastroscopy and underwent gastrectomy from January 2013 to December 2017.

Comparison of the clinicopathological characteristics of children with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis with/without infection at diagnosis.

Background: Infectious episodes contribute to morbidity and mortality in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Renal involvement, also known as ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (AGN), is frequently observed in AAV. Little is known about whether co-infection at initial diagnosis is associated with renal outcome and prognosis in children with AGN.

Association between cardiometabolic index and risk of testosterone deficiency in adult men: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Metabolic health is closely related to testosterone levels, and the cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a novel metabolic evaluation metric that encompasses obesity and lipid metabolism. However, there is currently a lack of research on the relationship between CMI and testosterone, which is the objective of this study.

Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles from 2011 to 2016.

Generalized lymphatic anomaly in a pediatric patient manifesting as a rare presentation of hemorrhagic pleural effusion: a case report.

Background: Generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA) is a rare congenital lymphatic malformation (LM) characterized by multiple infiltrating lymphangiomas in various tissues. Owing to its rarity, information on this disease is obtained mainly through case reports, leading to delayed diagnosis. In this study, we reported a case of generalized lymphatic anomaly in a pediatric patient manifesting as hemorrhagic pleural effusion.

Right ventricular function in athletes engaged in endurance exercise using speckle tracking echocardiography: a meta-analysis.

Background: Long-term endurance training is associated with structural, functional, and biochemical markers of cardiac dysfunction in highly trained athletes. Many studies have focused on structural changes in the right ventricle (RV) and few have examined functional adaptation of the right ventricle. This meta-analysis aims to compare the changes in right ventricular systolic function between endurance athletes and controls before and after exercise using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).

The combined manifestations of dramatically sore throat, congested and edematous mucosa, no-swelling tonsil are specific in acute Omicron pharyngitis.

Objective: To identify specific clinical signs of Omicron pharyngitis infection.

Methods: A clinical cross-sectional retrospective study was designed to analyze the primary symptoms of pharyngitis in outpatients seeking treatment for sore throat. Pharyngeal congestion, mucosal edema, were measured using a visual analogue assessment score (0-10) while the presence of ulcers, no-tonsil-swelling, no-tonsil-exudate.

The effects of runs-of-homozygosity on pig domestication and breeding.

Background: Since their domestication, recent inbreeding together with intensive artificial selection and population bottlenecks have allowed the prevalence of deleterious mutations and the increase of runs-of-homozygosity (ROH) in domestic pigs. This makes pigs a good model to understand the genetic underpinnings of inbreeding depression.

Results: Here we integrated a comprehensive dataset comprising 7239 domesticated pigs and wild boars genotyped by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips, along with phenotypic data encompassing growth, reproduction and disease-associated traits.

Detection rate and clinical characteristics of coexisting autoimmune diseases in children with Graves' disease: a single-center study from China.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the detection rate of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS) among children with Graves' disease (GD) at a single center and to compare clinical characteristics between those with isolated GD and those GD with APS (APS-GD).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 555 patients and were categorized into isolated GD and APS-GD groups based on their progression status. The time for FT to return to normal was used as an indicator of short-term treatment effectiveness.

Efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological rehabilitation in cancer patients treated with proton and heavy ion therapy: a non-randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To develop an appropriate intervention utilizing acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) tailored specifically for cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, and to investigate its impact on hope, psychological resilience, psychological flexibility, and psychological distress among cancer patients receiving proton and heavy ion therapy.

Methods: Eighty participants were allocated into an intervention group (n = 40) or a control group (n = 40) based on their admission time. The control and intervention groups underwent a 3-week health education program, with the intervention group additionally participating in a 3-week, 6-session acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) group psychological intervention.

Characterization and genomic analysis of a jumbo phage, PG216, with broad lytic activity against several Vibrio species.

In this study, a lytic phage, named PG216, was obtained from seawater collected in Qingdao, using Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain G299 as its host. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that phage PG216 has an icosahedral head with a diameter of 100 ± 6.7 nm and a contractible tail with a length of 126 ± 6.

Basic Considerations for the Consistency Evaluation Based on ICH E17 Guideline.

In the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidance on General Principles for Planning and Design of Multi-Regional Clinical Trials (E17), it is important to evaluate the consistency of treatment effect across regions in a multi-regional clinical trial (MRCT). In this paper, we elaborated on some basic considerations to evaluate consistency. We first list the design considerations, and then provide consistency evaluation and interpretation on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, safety, and benefit-risk.