Novel insights into the NOx emissions characteristics in PEMS tests of a heavy-duty vehicle under different payloads.

Real Drive Emission (RDE) test with Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) is a widely adopted way to assess vehicle emission compliance. However, the current NOx emissions calculation method stipulated in the China VI emission standard easily ignores the NOx emissions during cold start and low-power operation. To study the effect of cold start and low-power operation on the calculation of NOx emissions in the PEMS test, in this study, a China VI Heavy-Duty Vehicle (HDV) for urban use was used to conduct PEMS tests under various vehicle payload conditions.

Comparative Study on the Macroscopic Characteristics of Gasoline and Ethanol Spray from a GDI Injector under Injection Pressures of 10 and 60 MPa.

To reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions from vehicles powered by gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, increasing the fuel injection pressure has been one promising approach. However, a comparison of macroscopic characteristics between gasoline and ethanol from a GDI injector under an ultrahigh injection pressure of more than 50 MPa has not been reported. The experimental study presented in this paper can provide some new and valuable information about comparing and analyzing the macroscopic characteristics of gasoline and ethanol spray from a GDI injector in both front and side views under injection pressures of 10 and 60 MPa.

Implementation of Oxy-Fuel Combustion (OFC) Technology in a Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engine Fueled with Gasoline-Ethanol Blends.

Nowadays, to mitigate the global warming problem, the requirement of carbon neutrality has become more urgent. Oxy-fuel combustion (OFC) has been proposed as a promising way of carbon capture and storage (CCS) to eliminate carbon dioxide (CO) emissions. This article explores the implementation of OFC technology in a practical gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine fueled with gasoline-ethanol blends, including E0 (gasoline), E25 (25% ethanol, 75% is gasoline in mass fraction), and E50 (50% ethanol, 50% is gasoline in mass fraction).

Source analysis of particulate-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban atmosphere of a northern city in China.

Particle-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were investigated at six sampling sites in the heating (February to March 2001) and nonheating (August to September 2001) periods in an industrial city in Northern China. Thirteen PAHs were measured. The total average concentrations (nanograms per meter cubed) of PAHs ranged between 78.