Systematic druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomization to identify therapeutic targets and dominant flora for ulcerative colitis.

The relationship and mechanism among gut microbiota (GM), metabolites and active ulcerative colitis (UC) are unclear. This study aims to infer the causal relationship between druggable-genes and active UC using Mendelian randomization (MR) and bioinformatics methods. The "microbiota-target" and "microbiota- metabolite" network was constructed to screen the microorganisms and metabolites associated with active UC, and the mechanism of GM, metabolites and active-UC was analyzed.

Modified Zhenwu Decoction improved intestinal barrier function of experimental colitis through activation of sGC-mediated cGMP/PKG signaling.

Background: The invasion of luminal antigens and an aberrant immune response resulting from a disrupted physical epithelial barrier are the key characteristics of ulcerative colitis (UC). The restoration of damaged epithelial function is crucial for maintaining mucosal homeostasis and disease quiescence. Current therapies for UC primarily focus on suppressing inflammation.

Integrated metabolomics and serum-feces pharmacochemistry-based network pharmacology to reveal the mechanisms of an herbal prescription against ulcerative colitis.

Background: CDD-2103 is an herbal prescription used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to uncover its mechanism by integrating metabolomics and serum-feces pharmacochemistry-based network pharmacology.

Methods: A DSS-induced chronic colitis mice model was used to evaluate the anti-colitis effect of CDD-2103.

Modified Zhenwu Decoction suppresses chronic colitis via targeting macrophage CCR2/Fyn/p38 MAPK signaling axis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with intestinal macrophage infiltration due to disruption of the mucosal barrier and bacterial invasion. Therefore, it is crucial to identify therapeutic agents capable of attenuating the macrophage-induced inflammatory response to preserve mucosal homeostasis and immune tolerance. The modified Zhenwu decoction (CDD-2103) is a novel herbal formulation developed based on the principles of Traditional Chinese medicine.

Tolerogenic dendritic cell-mediated regulatory T cell differentiation by Chinese herbal formulation attenuates colitis progression.

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by loss of immune tolerance to luminal antigens and progressive intestinal tissue injury. Thus, the re-establishment of immune tolerance is crucial for suppressing aberrant immune responses and UC progression.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the action of CDD-2103 and its bioactive compounds in mediating immune regulation in mouse models of colitis.

Enhancing intracellular mRNA precise imaging-guided photothermal therapy with a nucleic acid-based polydopamine nanoprobe.

Despite significant advancements in cancer research, real-time monitoring and effective treatment of cancer through non-invasive techniques remain a challenge. Herein, a novel polydopamine (PDA) nucleic acid nanoprobe has been developed for imaging signal amplification of intracellular mRNA and precise photothermal therapy guidance in cancer cells. The PDA nucleic acid nanoprobe (PDA@DNA) is constructed by assembling an aptamer hairpin (H1) labeled with the Cy5 fluorophore and another nucleic acid recognition hairpin (H2) onto PDA nanoparticles (PDA NPs), which have exceptionally high fluorescence quenching ability and excellent photothermal conversion properties.

Characterizing the lens regeneration process in Pleurodeles waltl.

Background: Aging and regeneration are heavily linked processes. While it is generally accepted that regenerative capacity declines with age, some vertebrates, such as newts, can bypass the deleterious effects of aging and successfully regenerate a lens throughout their lifetime.

Results: Here, we used Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) to monitor the lens regeneration process of larvae, juvenile, and adult newts.

One-pot fabrication of functional magnetic adsorbent for efficient capture of mercury species in aqueous samples prior to HPLC analysis.

Efficient extraction is a vital step in mercury speciation. In this context, using 4-vinylbenzeneboronic acid and 9-vinylanthracene as functional monomers, a new magnetic adsorbent was fabricated according to one-pot hydrothermal approach. Various characterization results prove the as-prepared adsorbent presented abundant functional groups and saturation magnetism.

Smart Vehicle Path Planning Based on Modified PRM Algorithm.

Path planning is a very important step for mobile smart vehicles in complex environments. Sampling based planners such as the Probabilistic Roadmap Method (PRM) have been widely used for smart vehicle applications. However, there exist some shortcomings, such as low efficiency, low reuse rate of the roadmap, and a lack of guidance in the selection of sampling points.

Mechanisms of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Endocrine-Related Cancers: A Concise Outlook.

Chemotherapy is a critical treatment for endocrine-related cancers; however, chemoresistance and disease recurrence remain a challenge. The interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) promotes drug resistance, known as cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR). CAMs are cell surface molecules that facilitate cell-to-cell or cell-to-extracellular matrix binding.

Removing nonlinear misalignment in neuronal spike trains using the Fisher-Rao registration framework.

Background: The temporal precision in neural spike train data is critically important for understanding functional mechanism in the nervous systems. However, the timing variability of spiking activity can be highly nonlinear in practical observations due to behavioral variability or unobserved/unobservable cognitive states.

New Method: In this study, we propose to adopt a powerful nonlinear method, referred to as the Fisher-Rao Registration (FRR), to remove such nonlinear phase variability in discrete neuronal spike trains.

PD-L2 glycosylation promotes immune evasion and predicts anti-EGFR efficacy.

Background: Combination therapy has been explored for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) owing to the limited efficacy of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy. Increased expression and glycosylation of immune checkpoint molecules in tumors are responsible for cetuximab therapy refractoriness. The role of programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2), a ligand of PD-1, in the immune function is unclear.

A Novel Microfluidic Chip for Fast, Sensitive Quantification of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Patients With Osteosarcoma.

Plasma circulating extracellular vesicle (EV) has emerged as a promising biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of various epithelial tumors. However, fast and efficient capture of EVs with microfluidic chip in sarcoma remains to be established. Herein, we reported a ZnO-nanorods integrated (ZNI) microfluidic chip, where EV capture antibody was uniformly grafted to the surface of the ZnO-nanorods of the chip to enhance the plasma turbulence formation and the capture efficiency at the micro-scale.

PD-L2 based immune signature confers poor prognosis in HNSCC.

PD-L2 expression is an important predictor of anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, whether the PD-L2-based immune signature can serve as a prognostic biomarker for patients with HNSCC remains unclear. Here, we reported that PD-L2 was positively stained in 62.

Oral lichen planus induced by long-term use of antimicrobials for recurrent aphthous ulcer: A case report and literature review.

The precise etiology of oral lichen planus (OLP) is still unclear, but the existing evidence suggests that drug intake, virus infection, fungal infection, psychological disorders, and immunodeficiency are closely associated with the pathogenesis of OLP. We report a case of OLP accompanied with candidiasis induced by long-term use of antimicrobials for recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) and update the literature, to discuss the possible association between OLP and misuse of antimicrobials, and to inform general dentists and pharmacists the importance for practice with optimal antimicrobial stewardship. In this case, a 42-year-old man presented to Xiangya Stomatological Hospital with white reticular patterns spreading in the oral cavity for almost 1 year.

MCM4 Is a Novel Biomarker Associated With Genomic Instability, BRCAness Phenotype, and Therapeutic Potentials in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma.

Soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is represented by a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies with various molecular oncogenesis. Therapies targeting DNA repair pathways in STS have achieved minimal progress, potentially due to the lack of molecular biomarker(s) beyond the histology subtype. In this report, we comprehensively analyzed the expression profiles of 100 liposarcomas (LPSs), the most common STS subtype, in comparison with 21 adipose tissues from multiple GEO datasets to identify the potential prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for LPS.

Deep Learning Approach to Parse Eligibility Criteria in Dietary Supplements Clinical Trials Following OMOP Common Data Model.

Dietary supplements (DSs) have been widely used in the U.S. and evaluated in clinical trials as potential interventions for various diseases.

Effects of BMP-2 compound with fibrin on osteoporotic vertebral fracture healing in rats.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) compound with fibrin on osteoporotic vertebral fracture healing in rats.

Methods: For the present study 160 Specific-Pathogen Free 32-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. 120 rats were randomly divided in three groups (experimental, model and sham operation group- n=40 per group) and were ovariectomized to establish the osteoporosis model.

Development and analysis of long non-coding RNA-associated competing endogenous RNA network for osteosarcoma metastasis.

Background: Osteosarcoma is the primary bone malignant neoplasm that often develops metastasis. Increasing evidences have shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) relate to the progression of osteosarcoma. However, the ncRNAs' roles in osteosarcoma metastasis are still unknown.

Comparison of the clinical effect of DHS and PFNA on senile osteoporotic fracture and their significance of changes in BALP expression level.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of dynamic hip screw (DHS) and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) on senile osteoporosis patients and their effects on the expression level of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP).

Methods: 116 elderly patients with osteoporotic fracture were divided into DHS group (n=67) and PFNA group (n=49). BALP values were measured by ELISA before operation and 30 days after operation.

Sex differences and effects of the estrous stage on hippocampal-prefrontal theta communications.

Effective communication between the mammalian hippocampus and neocortex is essential to certain cognitive-behavioral tasks critical to survival in a changing environment. Notably, functional synchrony between local field potentials (LFPs) of the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) within the theta band (4-12 Hz) underlies innate avoidance behavior during approach-avoidance conflict tasks in male rodents. However, the physiology of vHPC-mPFC communications in females remains unestablished.