Could physical activity promote indicators of physical and psychological health among children and adolescents? An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Background: We performed an umbrella review to synthesize evidence on the effects of physical activity (PA) interventions on indicators of physical and psychological health among children and adolescents, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), depressive symptoms, and cognitive function.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception through 31 July 2023. We included meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials exploring the effects of PA interventions on BMI, BP, depressive symptoms, or cognitive function in healthy or general children and adolescents.

Effects of two-stage preterm formulas on growth, nutritional biomarkers, and neurodevelopment in preterm infants.

Background: Formula-fed preterm infants require nutrient-enriched formulas with optimized protein levels to support growth and neurodevelopment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of a new liquid two-staged formula system designed to provide tailored nutrition during hospital stay and after discharge.

Methods: Male and female very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (birth weight ≤1,500 g; gestational age ≤32 weeks) were recruited from three neonatal units in Poland and Slovakia in a prospective, open-label, interventional study.

Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China.

Background: Emerging clinical evidence indicates the potential gastrointestinal (GI) benefits of milk containing only A2 β-casein, but data from randomized controlled trials is sparse among pediatric populations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-up milk (GUM) containing only A2 β-casein on GI tolerance in toddlers.

Methods: A total of 387 toddlers aged 12-36 months were recruited in Beijing, China, and randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to consume one of two commercially available A2 GUMs (combined in the analysis as A2 GUM) or continue their current feeding regimen of conventional milk for 14 days.

Human milk oligosaccharides in breast milk and 2-year outcome in preterm infants: An exploratory analysis.

Background & Aims: The health benefit of human milk (HM) for preterm infant development is known but the role of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) contained in HM remains underexplored. We explored the relationship between exposure to HMOs contained in mother's milk and growth and neurodevelopment at 2-years corrected age in preterm infants.

Methods: Exclusively breastfed preterm infants born between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation were enrolled in a monocentric prospective observational study, LACTACOL.

Use of a Liquid Supplement Containing 2 Human Milk Oligosaccharides: The First Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial in Pre-term Infants.

There is growing evidence supporting the benefit of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) on reducing risk of illnesses and improving immune function in newborn infants, but evidence in pre-term infants is lacking. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT03607942) of pre-term infants evaluated the effects of HMO supplementation on feeding tolerance, growth, and safety in 7 neonatal units in France. Pre-term infants (27-33 weeks' gestation, birth weight <1,700 g) were randomized early after birth to receive HMO supplement ( = 43) [2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) and lacto--neotetraose (LNnT) in a 10:1 ratio (0.

Comparative efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulants for the treatment of venous thromboembolism in the patients with different renal functions: a systematic review, pairwise and network meta-analysis.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and different renal functions.

Design: Systematic review containing pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library.

Effects of higher protein formula with improved fat blend on growth, feeding tolerance and nutritional biomarkers in preterm infants: A double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: Preterm formulas containing greater protein:energy ratio are beneficial for non-breastfed infants, since protein is critical for promoting catch-up growth and synthesis of lean body mass. Additionally, formulas containing enriched sn-2 palmitate (sn-2) and reduced medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) may support better feeding tolerance and nutrient utilization.

Methods: The objective of this randomized, controlled, double-blinded clinical trial is to evaluate growth, feeding tolerance and nutritional biomarkers of preterm infants with birth weight ≤2000g and gestational age ≤33wks from one neonatal unit in Vietnam receiving experimental formula (EF, n = 80) containing higher protein level of 3.

The Effects of a Partially Hydrolyzed Formula with Low Lactose and Probiotics on Mild Gastrointestinal Disorders of Infants: A Single-Armed Clinical Trial.

Partially hydrolyzed formula (pHF) containing low lactose and probiotics may benefit the gastrointestinal health of infants. We aimed to assess the effects of pHF on mild gastrointestinal disorders (MGDs) of infants. In this single-armed trial, 80 full-term infants with MGDs were enrolled and fed a pHF for 14 consecutive days.

Oral Anticoagulant Agents in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and CKD: A Systematic Review and Pairwise Network Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of different oral anticoagulant agents (OACs) for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Study Design: Systematic review and pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Setting & Study Populations: Adult patients with AF and CKD stages 3-5D who received OACs.

Neural Epidermal Growth Factor-Like 1 Protein-Positive Membranous Nephropathy in Chinese Patients.

Background And Objectives: The neural EGF-like 1 (NELL-1) protein is a novel antigen in primary membranous nephropathy. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of NELL-1-positive membranous nephropathy in Chinese individuals with primary membranous nephropathy are unclear.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: A total of 832 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven primary membranous nephropathy were enrolled.

Two kinds of rare light chain cast nephropathy caused by multiple myeloma: case reports and literature review.

Background: Light chain cast nephropathy (LCCN) is the most common renal disease caused by multiple myeloma (MM). In addition to ordinary light chain protein casts, there are a few rare casts with unique shapes, including light chain amyloid casts (LCAC) and light chain crystal casts (LCCC).

Case Presentations: Here, we report two patients.

Microbiota and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Premature Infants.

Gut microbiota plays an important role in infants' health. The prevalence of bifidobacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of term breastfed infants has been associated with reduced infection rates compared with formula-fed infants. However, few studies evaluated microbiota in premature infants.

SMRT sequencing revealed to be an effective method for ADTKD-MUC1 diagnosis through follow-up analysis of a Chinese family.

We reported a large Chinese family diagnosed with autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease caused by MUC1 mutation (ADTKD-MUC1). Cytosine duplication within a string of 7 cytosines in the variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR) region of the MUC1 gene was detected by long-read single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. MUC1 frameshift protein (MUC1fs) was found to be expressed in renal tubules and urinary exfoliated cells by pathological examination.

Effect of antiplatelet therapy on cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The benefits and risks of antiplatelet therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain controversial. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of antiplatelet therapy on major clinical outcomes.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for trials published before April 2019 without language restriction.

IgG4-related sialadenitis complicated with type III mixed cryoglobulinemia: A case report.

Rationale: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic autoimmune disease and mixed cryoglobulinemia may be caused by autoimmune diseases. However, so far only 1 case of IgG4-RD complicated with mixed cryoglobulinemia is reported. Our case further confirms the close relationship between these 2 diseases.

Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and glomerulonephritis: concerns in clinical practice.

Objective: Cryoglobulinemia often causes systemic vasculitis, thereby damaging to skin and internal organs including kidneys, even life-threatening. This review aimed to introduce the advances in understanding, detection, and treatment of this disease in recent years, with a particular concern to clinical practice.

Data Sources: All the data in this review were from the English or Chinese literature in the PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases as of March 2019.

Derivation and validation of a prediction score for acute kidney injury secondary to acute myocardial infarction in Chinese patients.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication of acute myocardial infarction(AMI), which can significantly increase mortality. This study is to analyze the related risk factors and establish a prediction score of acute kidney injury in order to take early measurement for prevention.

Methods: The medical records of 6014 hospitalized patients with AMI in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.

Artificially Cultivated Alleviates Diabetic Nephropathy and Its Podocyte Injury via Inhibiting P2X7R Expression and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Background/aims: It is known that chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to the initiation and development of both diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (DN), so we designed this study to investigate the role of P2X7R and NLRP3 inflammasome in DN pathogenesis and the antagonistic effects of artificially cultivated (ACOS).

Methods: A rat model of DN caused by high-fat-diet feeding and low-dose streptozotocin injection and a mouse podocyte injury model induced by high-glucose (HG) stimulation were established, and the intervention effects of ACOS on them were observed. The biological parameters of serum and urine and the pathological manifestations of kidney tissue were examined.

Purinergic 2X7 Receptor is Involved in the Podocyte Damage of Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy via Activating Nucleotide-Binding and Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Protein 3 Inflammasome.

Background: The nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome composed of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC), and caspase-1 is engaged in the inflammatory response of many kidney diseases and can be activated by purinergic 2X7 receptor (P2X7R). This study was conducted to explore whether P2X7R plays a pathogenic role in the podocyte damage of obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) and whether this role is mediated by the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

Methods: A mouse model of ORG was established by high-fat diet feeding.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody and/or antiglomerular basement membrane antibody associated crescentic glomerulonephritis in combination with IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis.

Objectives: Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disorder and is characterised by elevated serum IgG4 concentrations and dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate rich in IgG4+ plasma cells. IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis (IgG4-TIN) is the most common manifestation of IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4-RKD). We report four cases of kidney injury with concurrent IgG4-TIN and crescentic glomerulonephritis confirmed by renal pathology.

The case report of capillary leakage syndrome secondary to malignant hypertension.

Introduction: Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is characterized by hypoproteinemia, diffused pitting edema, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, and hypotension. By far, there are no related reports of CLS secondary to malignant hypertension (MHT). A 33-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of CLS on the background of MHT.

Aldosterone is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related glomerulopathy through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in podocytes.

Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is morphologically characterized by glomerulomegaly with or without observable focal segmental glomerulosclerosis under light microscope, with decreased podocyte density and number, and with increased foot‑process width observed under electron microscope. The severity of podocyte injury is correlated with the degree of proteinuria and renal dysfunction. However, the pathogenesis of ORG is not well understood.

Aristolochic Acid-Induced Autophagy Promotes Epithelial-to-Myofibroblast Transition in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells.

Autophagy plays an essential role in cellular homeostasis in kidney. Previous studies have found that aristolochic acid (AA) can induce autophagy of renal tubular epithelial cells and epithelial-to-myofibroblast transition (EMT). However, the relationship between AA-induced autophagy and EMT is unclear.

Cutaneous mucormycosis in a patient with lupus nephritis: A case report and review of literature.

Rationale: Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection but life-threatening, especially in lupus nephritis (LN). Mucormycosis may manifest as rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, renal, or disseminated forms.

Patient Concerns: We report a case of a 52-year-old woman with cutaneous mucormycosis infection who was admitted because of LN.