Antifungal effects and biocontrol potential of lipopeptide-producing against banana Fusarium wilt fungus f. sp. .

Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by f. sp. (Foc), especially tropical race 4 (TR4), presents the foremost menace to the global banana production.

Long-term results of synovectomy in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Synovectomy has been introduced into total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with the aim of relieving pain and inflammation of the synovium. However, there are no long-term, comparative data to evaluate the effect of synovectomy in TKA. This study was aimed at assessing pain, function, and complications in patients undergoing synovectomy during TKA for osteoarthritis (OA) at long-term follow-up.

Anticipated cancer burden of low individual fruit and vegetable consumption under climate change: A modelling study in China.

Background: Dietary patterns with a high intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) are associated with a reduced risk of various cancers. It is not yet clear where and to what extent a decline in crop productivity caused by climate change may modify the distribution of related cancer burdens through reducing FV consumption in China. To design policies and interventions aimed at improving FV intake, regional monitoring is required on how consumption-changing factors might impact the associated cancer burdens by socio-demographic subpopulations.

Predicting the effectiveness of interventions on population-level sodium reduction: A simulation modeling study.

Background And Aims: Interventions that significantly reduce dietary sodium intake are anticipated to decrease gastric cancer (GCa) burden. However, the optimal restriction strategies remain unknown at present. This study aims to understand where and to what extent policies modifying sodium consumption change the distribution of GCa burden, and the effects of potential salt reduction strategies in China.

Analysis of the Interaction Mechanism of the Risk Factors of Gas Explosions in Chinese Underground Coal Mines.

Gas explosion accidents easily cause severe casualties in Chinese underground coal mines. Systematic analysis of accident causation is crucial for the prevention of gas explosions. This study identifies the representative risk factors of gas explosions and determines the interrelationship among these risk factors to highlight weak links and develop countermeasures.

Intra-articular Injection of Kartogenin-Enhanced Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis in a Rat Model.

Background: In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo chondrogenic capacity of kartogenin (KGN)-enhanced bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for cartilage regeneration.

Purpose: To determine (1) whether functionalized nanographene oxide (NGO) can effectively deliver KGN into BMSCs and (2) whether KGN would enhance BMSCs during chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo in an animal model.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Impact of different control policies for COVID-19 outbreak on the air transportation industry: A comparison between China, the U.S. and Singapore.

Many countries have been implementing various control measures with different strictness levels to prevent the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from spreading. With the great reduction in human mobility and daily activities, considerable impacts have been imposed on the global air transportation industry. This study applies a hybrid SARIMA-based intervention model to measure the differences in the impacts of different control measures implemented in China, the U.

Klotho deficiency aggravates diabetes-induced podocyte injury due to DNA damage caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive disease, the main pathogeny of which is podocyte injury inducing glomerular filtration barrier and proteinuria. The occurrence and development of DN could be partly attributed to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by mitochondria. However, research on how mitochondrial dysfunction (MtD) ultimately causes DNA damage is poor.

Transmissibility of COVID-19 in 11 major cities in China and its association with temperature and humidity in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chengdu.

Background: The new coronavirus disease COVID-19 began in December 2019 and has spread rapidly by human-to-human transmission. This study evaluated the transmissibility of the infectious disease and analyzed its association with temperature and humidity to study the propagation pattern of COVID-19.

Methods: In this study, we revised the reported data in Wuhan based on several assumptions to estimate the actual number of confirmed cases considering that perhaps not all cases could be detected and reported in the complex situation there.

Design and application of terahertz metamaterial sensor based on DSRRs in clinical quantitative detection of carcinoembryonic antigen.

The terahertz (THz) metamaterial biosensor has great potential for label-free and rapid specificity testing. Here, we designed two highly sensitive structures to detect the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of the cancer biomarker in early stages. There was about 29 GHz (500 ng/ml) resonance shift for CEA with an insert grate metamaterial, which was consistent with simulation results.

Access to chiral α-substituted-β-hydroxy arylphosphonates enabled by biocatalytic dynamic reductive kinetic resolution.

Ketoreductase (KRED)-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution (DYRKR) of α-substituted-β-keto arylphosphonates was developed as a generic and stereoselective approach to synthesize chiral α-substituted-β-hydroxy arylphosphonates, with moderate-to-excellent isolated yield (up to 96%), good-to-excellent diastereoselectivity (up to >99 : <1 dr), and excellent enantioselectivity (up to >99% ee) being achieved.

Multifunctional Nanographene Oxide for Targeted Gene-Mediated Thermochemotherapy of Drug-resistant Tumour.

Drug resistance remains a major challenge for anticancer treatment, and one of the major mechanisms of drug resistance is the overexpression of drug efflux transporters in cancer. A new approach for defeating drug resistance is the use of a co-delivery strategy that utilizes small interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence the expression of efflux transporters together with a suitable anticancer drug for drug-resistant cells. In this work, multifunctional graphene capable of integrating multiple functions in one system was employed as a novel co-delivery system for siRNA and doxorubicin (Dox), as well as for the controlled release of intracellular pH-triggered and heat-triggered Dox.

Albumin-Mediated Biomineralization of Shape-Controllable and Biocompatible Ceria Nanomaterials.

Although ceria-based nanostructures have emerged as fascinating materials with diverse biological activities, developing a facile, rapid, and biocompatible method of their preparation remains a major challenge. Herein we describe bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein-directed synthesis of ceria-based nanostructures, including ceria nanoclusters (CNLs), nanoparticles (CNPs), and nanochains (CNHs). Their preparation is simple, one-pot, and performed in a mild reaction condition with a "green" synthetic approach.

Differential protein expression in metallothionein protection from depleted uranium-induced nephrotoxicity.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of metallothionein (MT) protection from depleted uranium (DU) using a proteomics approach to search for a DU toxicity-differential protein. MT-/- and MT+/+ mice were administrated with a single dose of DU (10 mg/kg, i.p.

Nanoceria-Mediated Drug Delivery for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy on Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown great potential for overcoming drug-resistant cancers. Here, we report a multifunctional drug delivery system based on chlorin e6 (Ce6)/folic acid (FA)-loaded branched polyethylenimine-PEGylation ceria nanoparticles (PPCNPs-Ce6/FA), which was developed for targeted PDT to overcome drug-resistant breast cancers. Nanocarrier delivery and FA targeting significantly promoted the cellular uptake of photosensitizers (PSs), followed by their accumulation in lysosomes.

Ghrelin accelerates wound healing in combined radiation and wound injury in mice.

Impaired wound healing caused by radiation happens frequently in clinical practice, and the exact mechanisms remain partly unclear. Various countermeasures have been taken to tackle with this issue. Ghrelin was considered as a potent endogenous growth hormone-releasing peptide, and its role in enhancing wound repair and regeneration was firstly investigated in whole-body irradiated (γ-ray) mice in this study.

Multifunctional Photosensitizer Grafted on Polyethylene Glycol and Polyethylenimine Dual-Functionalized Nanographene Oxide for Cancer-Targeted Near-Infrared Imaging and Synergistic Phototherapy.

The integration of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with photothermal therapy (PTT) offers improved efficacy in cancer phototherapy. Herein, a PDT photosensitizer (IR-808) with cancer-targeting ability and near-infrared (NIR) sensitivity was chemically conjugated to both polyethylene glycol (PEG)- and branched polyethylenimine (BPEI)-functionalized nanographene oxide (NGO). Because the optimal laser wavelength (808 nm) of NGO for PTT is consistent with that of IR-808 for PDT, the IR-808-conjugated NGO sheets (NGO-808, 20-50 nm) generated both large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and local hyperthermia as a result of 808 nm laser irradiation.

Ghrelin accelerates wound healing through GHS-R1a-mediated MAPK-NF-κB/GR signaling pathways in combined radiation and burn injury in rats.

The therapeutic effect of ghrelin on wound healing was assessed using a rat model of combined radiation and burn injury (CRBI). Rat ghrelin, anti-rat tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α polyclonal antibody (PcAb), or selective antagonists of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) 1a (SB203580, SP600125, and [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6, respectively), were administered for seven consecutive days. Levels of various signaling molecules were assessed in isolated rat peritoneal macrophages.

A folic acid conjugated polyethylenimine-modified PEGylated nanographene loaded photosensitizer: photodynamic therapy and toxicity studies in vitro and in vivo.

Targeted cancer therapies are currently a strong focus in biomedical research. Our recent studies have demonstrated that polyethylenimine-modified PEGylated nanographene loaded chlorin e6 (PPG-Ce6) shows excellent photodynamic efficacy because of the significantly enhanced intracellular targeted delivery of Ce6 to lysosomes. Based on our previous research, in this work, a novel nanographene-based tumor targeting delivery system was developed to selectively transport the photosensitizer into the tumor cells.