Capturing nascent extracellular vesicles by metabolic glycan labeling-assisted microfluidics.

Extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion is a dynamic process crucial to cellular communication. Temporally sorting EVs, i.e.

Reliable Detection of Extracellular PD-L1 by DNA Computation-Mediated Microfluidics.

Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 (programmed death-1 ligand 1) is of greater value in tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and efficacy monitoring of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. However, soluble PD-L1 interferes with the accurate detection of extracellular vesicle (EV) PD-L1. Here, we developed a microfluidic ifferentiation method for the detection of xtracellular PD-L1, without the interference of soluble, by DNA omputation with ipid probes and PD-L1 ptamer as inputs (DECLA).

Isolation of PD-L1 Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations Using DNA Computation Mediated Microfluidic Tandem Separation.

Accurate isolation of targeted extracellular vesicle (EV) is challenging due to the antigenic heterogeneity of EV subpopulations which are from different cell origins. Most EV subpopulations lack a single marker whose expression cleanly distinguishes them from mixed populations of closely related EVs. Here, a modular platform capable of taking multiple binding events as input, performing logic computations, and producing two independent outputs for tandem microchips for EV subpopulation isolation, is developed.

Aptamer-LYTACs for Targeted Degradation of Extracellular and Membrane Proteins.

Recently, lysosome targeting chimeras (LYTACs) have emerged as a promising technology that expands the scope of targeted protein degradation to extracellular targets. However, the preparation of chimeras by conjugation of the antibody and trivalent N-acetylgalactosamine (tri-GalNAc) is a complex and time-consuming process. The large uncertainty in number and position and the large molecular weights of the chimeras result in low internalization efficiency.

Magnetofluid-Integrated Multicolor Immunochip for Visual Analysis of Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus has severely affected human health, life, and work. Vaccine immunization is considered to be an effective means to protect the body from infection. Therefore, timely analysis of the antibody level is helpful to identify people with low immune response or attenuated antibodies so as to carry out targeted and precise vaccine booster immunization.

Tracing Tumor-Derived Exosomal PD-L1 by Dual-Aptamer Activated Proximity-Induced Droplet Digital PCR.

Tumor-derived exosomal proteins have emerged as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, but the quantitation accuracy is hindered by large numbers of normal cell-derived exosomes. Herein, we developed a dual-target-specific aptamer recognition activated in situ connection system on exosome membrane combined with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) (TRACER) for quantitation of tumor-derived exosomal PD-L1 (Exo- ). Leveraging the high binding affinity of aptamers, excellent selectivity of dual-aptamer recognition, and the high sensitivity of ddPCR, this method exhibits significant sensitivity and selectivity for tracing tumor-derived Exo- in a wash-free manner.

Preparation and characterization of citric acid crosslinked konjac glucomannan/surface deacetylated chitin nanofibers bionanocomposite film.

Novel bionanocomposite films were prepared by combining konjac glucomannan/surface deacetylated chitin nanofibers (KGM/S-ChNFs) with different concentrations of citric acid (CA) (10%-25%) via a solution casting method. The effect of CA-induced crosslinking on the rheological behavior of film-forming solutions (FFS) as well as the structural and physicochemical properties of the resulting bionanocomposite films were evaluated. The results revealed that the increased CA loadings increased the shear viscosity of FFS.

Transparent bionanocomposite films based on konjac glucomannan, chitosan, and TEMPO-oxidized chitin nanocrystals with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties.

The development of biopolymer-based films for food packaging is increasing owing to their environmental appeal, renewability, and biodegradability. In this study, transparent and biodegradable konjac glucomannan (KGM)/chitosan (CS)/TEMPO-oxidized chitin nanocrystal (TEMPO-ChNCs) bionanocomposite films were prepared. The TEMPO-ChNCs were prepared from chitin using the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxylradical (TEMPO) oxidation method and were used as a reinforcement nanofiller for the bionanocomposite films.

In situ self-assembly chitosan/ε-polylysine bionanocomposite film with enhanced antimicrobial properties for food packaging.

A set of chitosan/ε-polylysine (ε-PL) bionanocomposite films were prepared by a simple in situ self-assembly technique using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as cross-linking agent. The physical, mechanical, structural, and antimicrobial properties of these films were investigated. Fourier infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that the introduction of TPP promoted the formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions among functional groups of chitosan or ε-PL, which improved the tensile strength and decreased the water solubility, water vapor permeability and surface wettability of films.

[Effects of nitroglycerin on plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide and endothelin in congestive heart failure].

Objective: To investigate the plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and endothelin (ET) levels and the effects of nitroglycerin on CGRP and ET in congestive heart failure (CHF), and to make clear the mechanism of nitroglycerin in vasodilation and cardiac protection.

Methods: The fast blood samples were taken from the peripheral vein of 40 volunteers and 40 CHF patients to estimate the basal level of CGRP and ET. Infusion of nitroglycerin of 25 to 50 micrograms/min started in the forearm vein of CHF patients.