ACSL1-Mediated Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Enhances Metastasis and Proliferation in Endometrial Cancer.

Background: Gynecological malignancies, such as endometrial cancer (EC) and uterine cancer are prevalent. Increased Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 (ACSL1) activity may contribute to aberrant lipid metabolism, which is a potential factor that contributes to the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. This study aimed to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms by which ACSL1 is involved in lipid metabolism in endometrial cancer, providing valuable insights for targeted therapeutic strategies.

Optimal Stage for Cryotop Vitrification of Porcine Embryos.

Different development stages of porcine embryos have different tolerance to low temperature. Therefore, we took the porcine embryos after parthenogenetic activation (PA) as the model, to explore the optimal development stage for vitrification during morula (D4), early blastocyst (D5), and expanded blastocyst (D6) after PA (D0). Embryos were observed with microscope and analyzed by different staining after cryo-recovery for 24 hours.

Discovery of breast cancer risk genes and establishment of a prediction model based on estrogen metabolism regulation.

Background: Multiple common variants identified by genome-wide association studies have shown limited evidence of the risk of breast cancer in Chinese individuals. In this study, we aimed to uncover the relationship between estrogen levels and the genetic polymorphism of estrogen metabolism-related enzymes in breast cancer (BC) and establish a risk prediction model composed of estrogen-metabolizing enzyme genes and GWAS-identified breast cancer-related genes based on a polygenic risk score.

Methods: Unrelated BC patients and healthy subjects were recruited for analysis of estrogen levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding estrogen metabolism-related enzymes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus facilitates endometrial hyperplasia progression by activating the proliferative function of mucin O-glycosylating enzyme GALNT2.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is thought to be a risk factor for endometrial hyperplasia, but potential links between the two diseases are unknown. This study aims to evaluate the role of T2DM in the progression of endometrial hyperplasia.

Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal (N) group, endometrial hyperplasia (NH) group, T2DM (T) group, and endometrial hyperplasia with T2DM (TH) group.

The Effect of L-Carnitine Additive During Maturation on the Vitrification of Pig Oocytes.

Cryopreservation of oocytes/embryos is an important technique for genetic resources; however, the success of vitrification in pig oocytes remained at a relatively lower level due to the high content of lipid droplets (LDs). Considering the positive effect of L-carnitine on the function of LDs, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of the addition of L-carnitine on the vitrification of porcine cumulus cells of complexes (cumulus/oocyte complexes [COCs]). First, COCs were randomly divided into two groups: one group of COCs were commonly maturation (IVM) for 42-46 hours (nonvitrification [NV]), while another group of COCs were IVM with 10 mM L-carnitine (NVL [nonvitrification with L-carnitine addition in IVM]).

Effect and mechanism of vitamin D on the development of colorectal cancer based on intestinal flora disorder.

Background: To investigate the correlation between the level of circulating vitamin D and the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and to clarify the effect and mechanism of vitamin D on the development of CRC.

Methods: Serum samples from 63 patients with CRC (CRC group) and 61 healthy volunteers (normal group) were collected. Azoxymethane + dextran sodium sulfate-induced CRC mouse model and dietary models with different doses of vitamin D were established to verify whether vitamin D supplementation could reverse the occurrence and development of CRC at the overall animal level.

Detection of the effects and potential interactions of FSH, VEGFA, and 2-methoxyestradiol in follicular angiogenesis, growth, and atresia in mouse ovaries.

Ovarian follicular development is a complex process that requires codevelopment of the perifollicular vascular network, which is closely regulated by angiogenic factors, gonadotropins, sex steroids, and their metabolites. To detect the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor 120 (VEGF120), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) on follicular angiogenesis during development and atresia, we treated sexually immature and mature female mice with VEGF120, FSH, 2ME2, and FSH receptor (FSHR) antagonist singly or in combination via intraperitoneal injection. The number of follicles and their perifollicular angiogenesis and atresia rates at different developmental stages were examined in paraffin sections after hematoxylin and eosin staining.

ZEA exerts toxic effects on reproduction and development by mediating Dio3os in mouse endometrial stromal cells.

Zearalenone (ZEA) and imprinted long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are both closely related to reproduction and development. However, whether they have connections in regulating reproduction and development is not clear yet. The aim of this research is to investigate their relationship.

MicroRNAs in ovarian follicular atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression. In the past decade, studies on miRNAs in ovaries have revealed the key roles of miRNAs in ovarian development and function. In this review, we first introduce the development of follicular atresia research and then summarize genome-wide studies on the ovarian miRNA profiles of different mammalian species.

Evaluation of deoxynivalenol-induced toxic effects on mouse endometrial stromal cells: Cell apoptosis and cell cycle.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type B trichothecene mycotoxin which has toxic effects on humans and animals. Although DON has been studied in various cell types for its cytotoxicity, there is litter information about the effects of DON on mouse endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Thus, in this study, we investigated the toxic effects of DON on mouse ESCs and its possible mechanisms.

Exploration of ZEA cytotoxicity to mouse endometrial stromal cells and RNA-seq analysis.

Because zearalenone (ZEA) causes harmful influence to animals and widely exists in the world, the researches on ZEA have never stopped. However, the mechanisms of ZEA on proliferation, cycle, and apoptosis in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) remain poorly defined. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to explore the effects of ZEA to ESCs and demonstrate them by transcriptomic analysis.

Genetic Variants in the STMN1 Transcriptional Regulatory Region Affect Promoter Activity and Fear Behavior in English Springer Spaniels.

Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is a neuronal growth-associated protein that is involved in microtubule dynamics and plays an important role in synaptic outgrowth and plasticity. Given that STMN1 affects fear behavior, we hypothesized that genetic variations in the STMN1 transcriptional regulatory region affect gene transcription activity and control fear behavior. In this study, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), g.

Exploration of Bcl-2 family and caspases-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in Zearalenone-treated mouse endometrial stromal cells.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin found in several food commodities worldwide. Although the toxicity of ZEA have been widely studied in a number of cell types, the mechanistic role of ZEA on apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ZEA on apoptosis of mouse ESCs and explore the signaling pathway underlying the cytotoxicity of ZEA.

Effect of inhibin gene immunization on antibody production and reproductive performance in Partridge Shank hens.

To investigate the effect of inhibin gene immunization on antibody production and reproductive performance in broiler breeder females, Partridge Shank hens aged 380 days were immunized with inhibin recombinant plasmid pcISI. One hundred and twenty hens were randomly assigned to four groups and treated intramuscularly with 25, 75, or 125 μg/300-μL inhibin recombinant plasmid pcISI (T1∼T3) or 300-μL saline as control (C), respectively. Booster immunization was given with the same dosage 20 days later.

Exploration of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in zearalenone-treated rat sertoli cells.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced mainly by Fusarium. ZEA causes reproductive disorders and is both cytotoxic and genotoxic in animals; however, little is known regarding the molecular mechanism(s) leading to ZEA toxicity. Sertoli cells are somatic cells that support the development of spermatogenic cells.

Genetic polymorphisms of the AMPD1 gene and their correlations with IMP contents in Fast Partridge and Lingshan chickens.

The object of this study was to evaluate associations between the adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 (AMPD1) gene polymorphisms and inosine monophosphate acid (IMP) contents of chicken to provide a molecular marker for breeding. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), g.4064G/A, g.

Sirtuin Inhibition Adversely Affects Porcine Oocyte Meiosis.

Sirtuins have been implicated in diverse biological processes, including oxidative stress, energy metabolism, cell migration, and aging. Here, we employed Sirtuin inhibitors, nicotinamide (NAM) and Sirtinol, to investigate their effects on porcine oocyte maturation respectively. The rate of polar body extrusion in porcine oocytes decreased after treatment with NAM and Sirtinol, accompanied with the failure of cumulus cell expansion.

Genetic mutations potentially cause two novel NCF1 splice variants up-regulated in the mammary gland, blood and neutrophil of cows infected by Escherichia coli.

Neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1) plays a crucial role in host defense against microbial pathogens. In this study, we investigated the potential alternative splicing patterns, expression and splice-relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the bovine NCF1 gene to increase insights into its potential role against bovine mastitis caused by Escherichia coli infection. Using RT-PCR and clone sequencing methods, we found two novel splice variants designed as NCF1-TV1 (retained intron 6) and NCF1-TV2 (retained part of intron 8), respectively, encoding two putative truncated proteins (239AA and 283AA).

Sirt3 prevents maternal obesity-associated oxidative stress and meiotic defects in mouse oocytes.

Maternal obese environment has been reported to induce oxidative stress and meiotic defects in oocytes, however the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, using mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) as an obesity model, we first detected enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and reduced Sirt3 expression in HFD oocytes. We further observed that specific depletion of Sirt3 in control oocytes elevates ROS levels while Sirt3 overexpression attenuates ROS production in HFD oocytes, with significant suppression of spindle disorganization and chromosome misalignment phenotypes that have been reported in the obesity model.

iTRAQ-proteomics and bioinformatics analyses of mammary tissue from cows with clinical mastitis due to natural infection with Staphylococci aureus.

Background: Proteomics and bioinformatics may help us better understand the biological adaptations occurring during bovine mastitis. This systems approach also could help identify biomarkers for monitoring clinical and subclinical mastitis. The aim of the present study was to use isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) to screen potential proteins associated with mastitis at late infectious stage.

Zearalenone exposure affects mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and granulosa cell proliferation.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a metabolite of Fusarium and is a common contaminant of grains and foodstuffs. ZEN acts as a xenoestrogen and is considered to be cytotoxic, tissue toxic, and genotoxic, which causes abortions and stillbirths in humans and animals. Since estrogens affect oocyte maturation during meiosis, in this study we investigated the effects of ZEN on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and granulosa cell proliferation.

Oocyte quality in mice is affected by a mycotoxin-contaminated diet.

Mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and aflatoxin (AF), are commonly found in many food commodities and may impair the growth and reproductive efficiency of animals and humans. We investigated the effects of a mycotoxin-contaminated diet on mouse oocyte quality. Maize contaminated with DON (3.

[G protein-coupled receptor 3: a key factor in the regulation of the nervous system and follicle development].

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest cell surface receptor superfamily, are involved in many physiological and pathological processes. G protein-coupled receptor 3 (Gpr3) is a newly discovered sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor, which directly or indirectly takes part in regulating the processes of nervous system and follicle development in the vertebrates. As a potential therapeutic drug target for a variety of neurological diseases and premature ovarian failure, its physiological function and biological mechanisms deserve further studies.

The novel porcine gene early growth response 4 (Egr4) is differentially expressed in the ovaries of Erhualian and Pietrain pigs.

The early growth response 4 (Egr4) gene plays a critical role in human and mouse fertility. In the present study, Affymetrix microarray gene chips were used to evaluate differential gene expression in the ovaries between Erhualian and Pietrain pigs. In all, 487 and 573 transcripts were identified with significantly higher and lower expression, respectively, in Erhualian compared with Pietrain sows.

Mycotoxin-containing diet causes oxidative stress in the mouse.

Mycotoxins which mainly consist of Aflatoxin (AF), Zearalenone (ZEN) and Deoxynivalenol (DON) are commonly found in many food commodities. Although each component has been shown to cause liver toxicity and oxidative stress in several species, there is no evidence regarding the effect of naturally contained multiple mycotoxins on tissue toxicity and oxidative stress in vivo. In the present study, mycotoxins-contaminated maize (AF 597 µg/kg, ZEN 729 µg/kg, DON 3.