Oxygen Vacancy Induced Atom-Level Interface in Z-Scheme SnO/SnNbO Heterojunctions for Robust Solar-Driven CO Conversion.

The modulation of Z-scheme charge transfer is essential for efficient heterostructure toward photocatalytic CO reduction. However, constructing a compact hetero-interface favoring the Z-scheme charge transfer remains a great challenge. In this work, an interfacial Nb-O-Sn bond and built-in electric field-modulated Z-scheme O-SnO/SnNbO heterojunction was prepared for efficient photocatalytic CO conversion.

Weakened Crystalline SnNb O for Enhanced Performance in Photocatalytic H Production and CO Reduction.

Low crystalline photocatalysts with unsaturated active sites, such as oxygen vacancy (O ), is reported to exhibit enhanced adsorption and activation of oxygen-containing small molecules, such as H O and CO , thus boosting the activity in photocatalytic H evolution and CO reduction. However, numerous low-crystalline photocatalysts show unsatisfactory stability due to the easily repaired surface O . Herein, three SnNb O with different crystallinity were prepared by hydrothermal approach with similar precursors.

Female serotonin transporter-knockout rat: A potential model of irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease. Although visceral hypersensitivity (VH) and disturbed gastrointestinal motility are typical pathophysiological features of IBS, the pathological mechanisms underlying this disease remain unclear. Serotonin system abnormalities are considered to play an important role in the pathomechanisms of IBS.

The level and prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients with different subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a very common functional bowel disorder. However, the difference of depression and anxiety comorbidities among different IBS subtypes is still not well evaluated. This study aims to investigate the difference in the level and prevalence of depression and anxiety among healthy controls and patients with different subtypes of IBS.

Shugan Decoction Alleviates Colonic Dysmotility in Female SERT-Knockout Rats by Decreasing M Receptor Expression.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gut disease characterized by visceral hypersensitivity and gut motor dysfunction. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an important enteric neurotransmitter. High levels of 5-HT aggravate IBS symptoms.

Evolution of native defects in ZnO nanorods irradiated with hydrogen ion.

This work reports the study on the evolution of native defects in ZnO nanorods irradiated with hydrogen ion. ZnO nanorod arrays grown vertically on silicon substrates were irradiated by 180 keV H ions to a total fluence of 8.50 × 10 ions/cm.

Detecting trap states in planar PbS colloidal quantum dot solar cells.

The recently developed planar architecture (ITO/ZnO/PbS-TBAI/PbS-EDT/Au) has greatly improved the power conversion efficiency of colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics (QDPVs). However, the performance is still far below the theoretical expectations and trap states in the PbS-TBAI film are believed to be the major origin, characterization and understanding of the traps are highly demanded to develop strategies for continued performance improvement. Here employing impedance spectroscopy we detect trap states in the planar PbS QDPVs.

Effects of Cu Dopant on Lattice and Optical Properties of ZnS Quantum Dots.

Doped and undoped ZnS colloidal nanocrystals have drawn much attention due to their versatile applications in the fields of optoelectronics and biotechnology. In this paper, Cu doped ZnS quantum dots were synthesized via the simple thermolysis of ethylxanthate salts. The lattice and optical properties of the nanocrystals were then studied in detail.

Growth and Properties of Cl- Incorporated ZnO Nanofilms Grown by Ultrasonic Spray-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Pure and Cl- incorporated ZnO nanofilms were grown by the ultrasonic spray-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The properties of the nanofilms were investigated. The effects of growth temperature and Cl- concentration on the crystal structure, morphology, and optical properties of the nanofilms were studied.

Effects of doping and annealing on properties of ZnO films grown by atomic layer deposition.

Undoped and Al-doped ZnO films were synthesized by atomic layer deposition at 150°C and then annealed at 350°C in different atmospheres. Effects of doping and annealing on the film growth mode and properties were investigated. The undoped film has strong UV emission and weak Zn interstitial emission.

Dual-protection of a graphene-sulfur composite by a compact graphene skin and an atomic layer deposited oxide coating for a lithium-sulfur battery.

A reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-sulfur composite aerogel with a compact self-assembled rGO skin was further modified by an atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO or MgO layer, and used as a free-standing electrode material of a lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery. The rGO skin and ALD-oxide coating worked as natural and artificial barriers to constrain the polysulfides within the cathode region. As a result, the Li-S battery based on this electrode material exhibited superior cycling stability, good rate capability and high coulombic efficiency.

An alumina stabilized ZnO-graphene anode for lithium ion batteries via atomic layer deposition.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) was applied to deposit ZnO on graphene aerogel, and this composite was used as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. This electrode material was further modified by an ultrathin Al2O3 layer via ALD to stabilize its electrochemical stability. These two metal oxides were uniformly immobilized on graphene frameworks, and the Al2O3 coating strongly improved the electrochemical performances of ZnO-graphene aerogel composite anodes.

Growth and properties of ZnO films grown by the ultrasonic spray-assisted CVD.

ZnO films were successfully grown on the glass substrates employing an ultrasonic spray-assisted CVD method at 573-673 K. The optical properties, electrical characteristics and crystalline structures of the films were characterized. Effects of the growth temperatures on the film properties were studied.

Properties of ZnO nanofilms formed at solution interfaces by nanoparticle oriention arrangement.

ZnO nanoparticles with the diameter of 11-33 nm were grown by decomposing a mixture of Zn(CH3COO)2 x 2H2O with NaCl and Li2CO3. Compact ZnO nanofilms were fabricated with the as-grown nanoparticles at the interfaces of the polar and non-polar solutions. The nanofilm properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, photoluminescence spectroscope and Raman spectroscope.

Growth and optical properties of ZnO/MgO core/shell nanoparticles.

Octylamine capped ZnO/MgO core/shell nanoparticles with different shell thickness were grown by thermolysis of metal organic precursors. The as-grown nanoparticles and subsequently annealed ones were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, high resolution transmission electron microscope, and Micro Raman spectroscope. ZnMgO alloys and amorphous MgO formed on the surface of the ZnO cores in the as-grown core/shell nanoparticles.

Synthesis and photocatalytic properties of CuO nanostructures.

CuO nanostructures were grown by decomposition of a mixture of Cu(CH3COO)2 x H2O and NaCl at different temperatures. The nanostructure properties were studied by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscope. Photodegradation activity of the nanostructures towards methyl orange was also examined.