Comparison of singleton and twin birth weight reference percentile curves by gestational age and sex in extremely preterm infants: a population-based study.

Background: With the increasing survival rate of smaller newborns and twins, previous growth curves may not accurately assess the growth of extremely preterm infants (EPIs). Our study aimed to establish birth weight percentile curves for singletons and twins in EPIs from China and the USA and compare the differences between them.

Methods: In China, EPIs were from 31 provinces, from 2010 to 2021.

Hyperglycemia in pregnancy did not worsen the short-term outcomes of very preterm infants: a propensity score matching study.

Background: Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HGP) has generally been considered a risk factor associated with adverse outcomes in offspring, but its impact on the short-term outcomes of very preterm infants remains unclear.

Methods: A secondary analysis was performed based on clinical data collected prospectively from 28 hospitals in seven regions of China from September 2019 to December 2020. According to maternal HGP, all infants were divided into the HGP group or the non-HGP group.

Real-world evidence regarding the growth of very premature infants with small for gestational age after birth: a multicenter survey in China.

Background: To analyze the real-world growth pattern of very premature infants (VPI) with small for gestational age (SGA) after birth by using the ΔZ value of weight at discharge.

Methods: The clinical data were collected from 28 hospitals in China from September 2019 to December 2020. They were divided into the EUGR(Extrauterine Growth Restriction) and the non-EUGR group according to the criterion of ΔZ value of weight at discharge < -1.

Association of duration of skin-to-skin contact after cesarean delivery in China: a superiority, multicentric randomized controlled trial.

Background: In China, the rates of early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding are low. The high cesarean delivery rates further contribute to low breastfeeding outcomes. Skin-to-skin contact, a key component of early essential newborn care, is known to be associated with improved breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity; however, the necessary duration has not been subjected to a randomized control trial.

Antenatal corticosteroids is associated with better postnatal growth outcomes of very preterm infants: A national multicenter cohort study in China.

Introduction: Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) administration is a standardized prenatal care for accelerating fetal maturation before anticipated preterm delivery, however, its effect on nutrition and growth is yet uncertain. This study aimed to examine if ACS application is associated with improvement in postnatal growth and nutrition in very preterm infants (VPIs).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective survey included infants born before 32 weeks gestation and admitted to 28 tertiary neonatal intensive care units throughout China from September 2019 to December 2020.

The impact of early empirical antibiotics treatment on clinical outcome of very preterm infants: a nationwide multicentre study in China.

Background: Infants with rule-out infections are responsible for the majority of empirical antibiotics treatment (EAT) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), particularly very preterm infants (VPIs). Antibiotic overuse has been linked to adverse outcomes. There is a paucity of data on the association between EAT and clinical outcomes (containing the nutritional outcomes) of VPIs without infection-related morbidities.

Effect of early initiation of enteral nutrition on short-term clinical outcomes of very premature infants: A national multicenter cohort study in China.

Objectives: The management of enteral nutrition in very preterm infants (VPIs) is still controversial, and there is no consensus on the optimal time point after birth at which enteral nutrition can be started. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of early initiation of enteral nutrition on the short-term clinical outcomes of VPIs.

Methods: Data of infants (n = 2514) born before 32 wk of gestation were collected from 28 hospitals located in seven different regions of China.

Factors influencing extrauterine growth retardation in singleton-non-small for gestational age infants in China: A prospective multicenter study.

Background: The incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) varies considerably in different countries due to the distinct definitions and inclusion criteria of individual studies. Most studies included small for gestational age (SGA) very preterm infants (VPIs), resulting in a higher incidence of EUGR. Experts have suggested the accurate definition of "EUGR" in SGA infants is not "true EUGR".

Analysis of "true extrauterine growth retardation" and related factors in very preterm infants-A multicenter prospective study in China.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and related factors of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and "true EUGR" in very preterm infants (VPI) from different regions of China.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data of VPI were prospectively collected from 28 hospitals in seven different regions of China from September 2019 to December 2020. The infants were divided into a small for gestational age (SGA) group or non-SGA group at birth, with non-SGA infants at 36 weeks of gestation or at discharge being further divided into a EUGR group or a non-EUGR group.

Risk factors of extrauterine growth restriction in very preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a multi-center study in China.

Objective: Nutritional deficiency soon after birth is a risk factor of chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, BPD). Afflicted infants are further prone to inadequate growth during hospitalization (extrauterine growth restriction, EUGR). This multi-center retrospective study investigated risk factors of EUGR, specifically in very preterm infants with BPD.

Human Milk Fortification in Very Preterm Infants in China: A Multicenter Survey.

Aim: To investigate the use of human milk fortifier (HMF) for very preterm infants (VPIs) and complications and nutritional status of VPIs due to various breast milk enhancement strategies among the Chinese population.

Methods: VPIs with birth weight < 1,800 g and wholly or predominantly breastfed were assigned to the following fortification groups: no HMF, early HMF (adding HMF at an enteral volume of ≤ 80 ml·kg·day), middle HMF (adding HMF at an enteral volume of 80-100 ml·kg·day), and late HMF (adding HMF at an enteral volume of ≥100 ml·kg·day). The growth status and complications for various groups were evaluated.

Hsa_circ_0009057 can be a novel potential diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for premature brain injury.

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) represent a novel class of noncoding RNAs, and are widely expressed in brain tissues, indicating their great potential as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the expression profiles of circRNAs for infants with premature brain injury (PBI) have not been fully explored. This study assessed the differentially expressed circRNAs in plasma of infants with and without PBI using the human circRNA microarray analysis.

Incidence of extrauterine growth retardation and its risk factors in very preterm infants during hospitalization: a multicenter prospective study.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and its risk factors in very preterm infants (VPIs) during hospitalization in China.

Methods: A prospective multicenter study was performed on the medical data of 2 514 VPIs who were hospitalized in the department of neonatology in 28 hospitals from 7 areas of China between September 2019 and December 2020. According to the presence or absence of EUGR based on the evaluation of body weight at the corrected gestational age of 36 weeks or at discharge, the VPIs were classified to two groups: EUGR group (=1 189) and non-EUGR (=1 325).

Necrotizing enterocolitis in low birth weight infants in China: Mortality risk factors expressed by birth weight categories.

Background: We retrospectively investigated incidence, morbidity, and mortality of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in China, with special emphasis on determining the predictors of necrotizing enterocolitis associated mortality.

Methods: We identified neonates as having necrotizing enterocolitis if they met the accepted diagnostic criterion. Data pertaining to antenatal period, labor and birth, and the postnatal course of illness were collected.

[Chinese neonatal birth weight curve for different gestational age].

Objective: Since 1986, the reference of birth weight for gestational age has not been updated. The aim of this study was to set up Chinese neonatal network to investigate the current situation of birth weight in China, especially preterm birth weight, to develop the new reference for birth weight for gestational age and birth weight curve.

Method: A nationwide neonatology network was established in China.

Morbidity and mortality of neonatal respiratory failure in China: surfactant treatment in very immature infants.

Objectives: We retrospectively investigated incidence, morbidity, and mortality of neonatal respiratory failure (NRF) in China, with special emphasis on surfactant treated very immature infants.

Methods: NRF was defined as respiratory hypoxemia requiring mechanical ventilation and/or nasal continuous positive airway pressure for at least 24 hours.

Results: There were 6864 cases of NRF, composing 19.

[Effect of jinfu kang to experimental precancerous colon lesions and urinary metabolites in rat].

Objective: : To profile urinary metabolite variations from 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced precancerous colon rats, Jinfu Kang treated rats and healthy controls.

Method: We used ethyl chloroformate derivatization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based metabonomic method to analyze rat urines.

Result: The time-dependent variations of metabolite profile showed a progressive deviation of the metabolism in the model group from the initial pattern over time and a systemic recovery of the metabolism in the treatment group, which is consistent with the histological results.