Gas immnuo-nanomedicines fight cancers.

Certain gas molecules, including hydrogen (H), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (HS), oxygen (O) and sulfur dioxide (SO) exhibit significant biological functionalities that can modulate the immune response. Strategies pertaining to gas-based immune therapy have garnered considerable attention in recent years. Nevertheless, delivering various gas molecules precisely into tumors, which leads to enhanced anti-tumor immunotherapeutic effect, is still a main challenge.

Micro-to-Nano Oncolytic Microbial System Shifts from Tumor Killing to Tumor Draining Lymph Nodes Remolding for Enhanced Immunotherapy.

Because the tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) microenvironment is commonly immunosuppressive, oncolytic microbe-induced tumor antigens aren't sufficiently cross-primed tumor specific T cells through antigen-presenting cells (e.g., dendritic cells (DCs)) in TDLNs.

KIF11 as a potential cancer prognostic marker promotes tumorigenesis in children with Wilms tumor.

Emerging evidence suggests that KIF11 could play a pivotal role in cancer cell proliferation; however, its biological functions and molecular mechanisms in Wilms tumor (WT) cells are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance and therapeutic potential of KIF11 proteins in WT. KIF11 expression in WT tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues was determined using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and bioinformatics.

[Periphyton and its application in water purification].

Periphyton widely exists in natural water bodies, with the characteristics of huge biomass generation, strong ecological function, and sensitive response to water quality. It removes the pollutants in water bodies mainly through the processes of absorption, metabolism, adsorption, and complexation, etc. Owing to its high tolerance against pollution and high removal efficiency for nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as the feasibility of recycling its cells at low cost, periphyton is a promising candidate for developing the treatment techniques of water purification.

In vitro investigations for the QSAR mechanism of lymphocytes apoptosis induced by substituted aromatic toxicants.

The objective of this study was to assess the chemicals-induced apoptosis effects on fish lymphocytes and to use the QSAR model to interpret the relationships between apoptotic effects and chemical structures to identify the immune toxicology mechanism. By the use of a simple in vitro toxicological assay, the measured apoptotic parameter (EC50) is used in a QSAR to interpret the apoptotic effects of 25 substituted benzenes at low exposure levels. The apoptotic effects of all tested substituted aromatic chemicals with Carassius auratus lymphocytes were confirmed by DNA ladder and nucleus condensation.

In situ nitrogen removal in phase-separate bioreactor landfill.

The feasibility of in situ nitrogen removal in phase-separate bioreactor landfill was investigated. In the experiment, two sets of bioreactor landfill systems, namely conventional two-phase and in situ nitrogen removal bioreactor landfills, were operated. The in situ nitrogen removal bioreactor landfill (NBL) was comprised of a fresh-refuse filled reactor (NBLF), a methanogenic reactor (NBLM) and a nitrifying reactor (NBLN), while the two-phase bioreactor landfill (BL) used as control was comprised of a fresh-refuse filled reactor (BLF) and a methanogenic reactor (BLM).

[Method of loss of life expectancy to quantitate and compare the health risk caused by carcinogen and non-carcinogen pollutants].

Loss of life expectancy (LLE) was used to evaluate and quantitate the health risk caused by carcinogen and non-carcinogen pollutants, and was proposed as a new method to compare the environmental health risk of different pollutants. The environmental health risks exposed by 6 major environmental pollutants in China, i.e.

[Urban greenbelt eco-service value of Hangzhou City under effects of land use change: an evaluation with CITYgreen model].

Based on the Landset TM information of land use/cover change and greenbelt distribution in Hangzhou city in 1994 and 2004, and by using CITYgreen model, this paper estimated the eco-service value of urban greenbelt in the city under the effects of land use change and economic development. The results showed that in the 10 years from 1994 to 2004, the greenbelt area in the city decreased by 20. 4% , while its eco-service value increased by 168 million yuan.

[Performance of leachate nitrogen removal in bioreactor landfill system].

Utilizing the unique vertical aerobic-anoxic-anerobic ecological enviornment of landfills and adopting intermittent aeration at the top of landfilled refuse, this paper studied the performance of leachate nitrogen removal in the bioreactor landfill system. The results showed that intermittent aeration at the top of landfilled refuse could stimulate the growth of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. The population of denitrifying bacteria was 4 to approximately 13 orders of magnitude higher than that in conventional landfilled waste layers, and the maximal value of nitrifying bacteria population reached 10(9) cells g(-1).

Tissue-dependent distribution and accumulation of chlorobenzenes by vegetables in urban area.

Five seasonal vegetables from three growing sites in Hangzhou city, Zhejiang Province, were studied for the levels of four chlorobenzenes(CBs): o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB), p-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB), m-dichlorobenzene (m-DCB), and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB). Samples of each vegetable from each site were subdivided into leaves, stems, and roots, and these subsamples were analyzed separately for the levels of accumulated CBs. Relations between the levels of CBs in vegetables with the total organic carbon (TOC) of the soil, the lipid content of the vegetable, and the physicochemical properties of CBs were established.

Flow cytometric analysis of fine particles in a eutrophic lake.

Fine particles play an important role, not only in aquatic biogeochemical processing but also in the distribution, transfer and transformation of pollutants in the aquatic environment. Flow cytometry, widely used in biomedical research, allows fast counting and optical analysis of individual particles. Organic autotrophic particles contain naturally fluorescing pigments, such as chlorophyll and phycoerythrin.

[Detection of organic autotrophic particles by FCM (flow cytometry) in an oligotrophic lake].

Organic autotrophic particles were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) in an oligotrophic lake. Utilizing scattering signals and fluorescence of their natural pigments, different populations could be rapidly discriminated and enumerated. We found that they belonged to three populations.

Potential loss of phosphorus from a rice field in Taihu Lake basin.

Nonpoint-source pollution by phosphorus (P) poses a threat to waters in the Taihu Lake basin in China. The potential transfer of P in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields through surface drainage and subsurface flow was investigated under simulated conventional irrigation-drainage management.

[Spatial-temporal distribution and variation of atmospheric SO2 concentration in Hangzhou].

The feasibility of diffusible sampler for monitoring SO2 in cantonal Hangzhou was studied, and its correlation equation with automatic monitoring was built. The distribution and variation of SO2 concentration in Hangzhou were analyzed and mapped. Position of SO2 concentration centre was changed along with different climate condition.

[Dynamics characteristic of phosphorus loss potential in subsurface runoff from rice field].

A special rice field experiment was conducted to investigate the characteristic and mechanism of phosphorus (P) loss potential in subsurface runoff from rice field. Teflon Suction Cups (TSC) were inserted into tested plots in 15-20 cm in the rice field for water sampling dynamically. The range of molybdate reactive phosphorus (MRP) in sub-surface runoff were 0.

Of pH and Eh on release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediments of West Lake.

The effects of pH and Eh on release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediments of West Lake under different conditions were investigated by simulation test. Results showed that the net flux of NH4(+) -N release from sediments increased with pH, but NO3(-) -N showed negative-going release at all tested pH levels. The net flux of NH4(+) -N release from sediments was higher under anaerobic or aerobic condition of the overlying water, but only under aerobic condition would net release of NO3(-) -N occur.

[Evaluating ground water vulnerability in West Lake Watershed by using DRASTIC model].

Supported by Blackland GRASS Geographic Information System (GIS), the basic and special environmental databases of West Lake Watershed were established. The vulnerability map of ground water pollution was calculated and drawn by integrating GIS and DRASTIC model. Comparing to the present situation of land use, critical area of ground water pollution had been determined.