Novel Loss-of-Function Variant in HNF1a Induces β-Cell Dysfunction through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Heterozygous variants in the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1a (HNF1a) cause MODY3 (maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type 3). In this study, we found a case of novel HNF1a p.Gln125* (HNF1a-Q125ter) variant clinically.

Reversible Transformation between Isolated Skyrmions and Bimerons.

Skyrmions and bimerons are versatile topological spin textures that can be used as information bits for both classical and quantum computing. The transformation between isolated skyrmions and bimerons is an essential operation for computing architecture based on multiple different topological bits. Here we report the creation of isolated skyrmions and their subsequent transformation to bimerons by harnessing the electric current-induced Oersted field and temperature-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy variation.

Breastfeeding on childhood obesity in children were large-for-gestational age: retrospective study from birth to 4 years.

Our aim was to assess effects of breast-feeding (BF) in the association between large-for-gestational age (LGA) and body mass index (BMI) trajectories on childhood overweight from 1 to 4 years old. A total of 1649 healthcare records of mother-child pairs had detailed records of feeding practices and were included in this retrospective cohort study. Data were available in Medical Birth Registry of Xiamen between January 2011 and March 2018.

Circulating branch chain amino acids and improvement in liver fat content in response to exercise interventions in NAFLD.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is likely to be associated with increased circulating branched-chain amino acids. We investigated the relationship between changes in branched-chain amino acids levels in the serum and improvement in liver fat content caused by exercise intervention in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The exploratory study included 208 central obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease individuals from an exercise intervention randomized clinical trial for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Confinement and Protection of Skyrmions by Patterns of Modified Magnetic Properties.

Magnetic skyrmions are versatile topological excitations that can be used as nonvolatile information carriers. The confinement of skyrmions in channels is fundamental for any application based on the accumulation and transport of skyrmions. Here, we report a method that allows effective position control of skyrmions in designed channels by engineered energy barriers and wells, which is realized in a magnetic multilayer film by harnessing the boundaries of patterns with modified magnetic properties.

Identification of transcriptomic signatures and crucial pathways involved in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Purpose: Our study aimed to uncover the crucial genes and functional pathways involved in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Methods: Liver transcriptome datasets were integrated with Robust rank aggregation (RRA) method, and transcriptomic signatures for NASH progression and fibrosis severity in NAFLD were developed. The functions of transcriptomic signatures were explored by multiple bioinformatic analyses, and their diagnostic role was also evaluated.

Self-Assembled Hexagonal Superparamagnetic Cone Structures for Fabrication of Cell Cluster Arrays.

In this study, we demonstrated that arrays of cell clusters can be fabricated by self-assembled hexagonal superparamagnetic cone structures. When a strong out-of-plane magnetic field was applied to the ferrofluid on a glass substrate, it will induce the magnetic poles on the upper/lower surfaces of the continuous ferrofluid to increase the magnetostatic energy. The ferrofluid will then experience hydrodynamic instability and be split into small droplets with cone structures because of the compromising surface tension energy and magnetostatic energy to minimize the system's total energy.

Coexistence of ovarian serous papillary cystadenofibroma and type A insulin resistance syndrome in a 14-year-old girl: A case report.

Background: Type A insulin resistance syndrome is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the insulin receptor. Its coexistence with ovarian serous papillary cystadenofibroma is even rarer.

Case Summary: A 14-year-old girl developed type A insulin resistance syndrome and showed high fasting insulin, glucose, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.

Effects of maternal hepatitis B surface antigen positive status on the pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective study in Xiamen, China, 2011-2018.

Objective: Hepatitis B virus infection is a major social and economic burden in developing countries, especially in China. We aimed to evaluate the effects of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive status on the pregnancy outcomes in the Chinese population.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed using data from the Medical Birth Registry of Xiamen, China, from January 2011 to March 2018.

Adverse pregnancy outcomes on the risk of overweight offspring: a population-based retrospective study in Xiamen, China.

The growth trajectory of Chinese preschoolers still remains unclear. Our objective was to determine whether there was an association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and overweight offspring. We analyzed population-based retrospective cohort data from the Medical Birth Registry of Xiamen, which comprised 33,157 children examined from 1 to 6 years of age.

Assessment of the optimal cutoff value of fasting plasma glucose to establish diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese women.

Our aim is to assess the optimal cutoff value of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in Chinese women at 24-28 weeks' gestation by performing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to improve diagnostic rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Data were derived from the Medical Birth Registry of Xiamen. A FPG cutoff value of 5.

Effects of Prepregnancy Body Mass Index, Weight Gain, and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Population-Based Study in Xiamen, China, 2011-2018.

Background: It is unclear that how prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affect pregnancy outcomes in -China. Thus, we explored how BMI, GWG, and GDM affect the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, population-based study included all births in Xiamen, China, 2011-2018.

[Protective effects of P2X7 receptor inhibition in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats].

To investigate the protective effects of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) inhibitor against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and the possible mechanisms.
 Methods: The neurological deficit of rats was evaluated by Longa score. The infarct volume was examined by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining.

The relationship between ACE/AGT gene polymorphisms and the risk of diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the association between renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We consecutively included 1491 patients for the assessment of ACE I/D and AGT M/T gene polymorphisms in 345 DR cases and 1146 patients without retinopathy (DNR). Albuminuria was defined by urine albumin creatinine ratio and albumin excretion rate.

JAK2/STAT3 pathway is involved in the protective effects of epidermal growth factor receptor activation against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion is a common pathophysiologic process, which is involved in stroke and brain trauma. Recent studies revealed that activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, however, the precise mechanisms remain to be illuminated. In this study, the neurological behavior was evaluated by Longa score.

Efficacy and safety of pramlintide injection adjunct to insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of pramlintide plus insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We included clinical studies comparing pramlintide plus insulin to placebo plus insulin. Efficacy was reflected by glycemic control and reduction in body weight and insulin use.

Climates on incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in 72 countries.

We are aimed to systematically assess the worldwide trend in incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus (CT1DM) from 1965 to 2012 and to discuss whether climate affect incidence of CT1DM. We searched the relevant literatures in detail to judge the effect of different climates on incidence of CT1DM. The climates included Mediterranean, monsoon, oceanic, continental, savanna, and rainforest.

Human amylin induces CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the protection from autoimmune diabetes.

Autoimmune diabetes is a disorder of immune homeostasis that leads to targeted insulin-secreting islet β cell destruction characterized by insulitis. Human amylin (hA) is an important neuroendocrine hormone co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic β cells. Here, we report hA immune-modulatory action through inducing regulatory T cells.

The Yin and Yang of regulatory T cell and therapy progress in autoimmune disease.

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are primarily mediated by the failure of immunological self-tolerance. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in the maintenance of induced tolerance to peripheral self-antigens, suppressing immoderate immune responses deleterious to the host and preventing the AD development. Tregs and suppressive cytokines are homeostatic with effective cells plus pro-inflammatory cytokines in healthy hosts which is defined as "Yang", and ADs are usually induced in case of disturbed homeostasis, which is defined as "Yin".

The change of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was used meta-analysis to investigate changes of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: Relevant literatures were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang and Chinese-Cqvip databases (published from January 1, 1999 to September 30, 2016). Eligible reports were included for pooled analysis of serum TNF-α level and subgroup analysis was performed in relation with age, disease duration and ethnicity.

Serum TNF-α concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and diabetic nephropathy patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) patients.

Methods: The four databases (PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and Chinese-Cqvip) were searched from Jan 1, 1999 to October 1, 2016 for all clinical case-control studies about the serum TNF-α concentrations in T2DM and T2DN patients. All relevant data were extracted from published reports.

Changes of transforming growth factor beta 1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The existing evidence indicates increased levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN); yet no meta-analysis displays a reliable result. Here we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate characteristic changes of TGF-β1 in T2DM and diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted for eligible studies, which reported the association of TGF-β1 withT2DM and T2DN patients, in PubMed, Wangfang, Chinese-Cqvip, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, from February 1, 1991 to December 15, 2015.

Correlation between serum interleukin-6 level and type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This report aimed to explore the association between the change of circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients and the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: Four databases (PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and Civip) were used to search and list all clinical case-control studies about serum IL-6 level in T1DM patients between Jan 1, 2000 and Aug 31, 2016.

Results: A total of 20 case-control studies with 1238 T1DM patients and 742 healthy controls were included in this study.