Background: Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) primarily affects poultry, particularly chickens, leading to tumourigenesis and immunosuppression, which results in substantial economic losses. It is important to note that ALV-J is commonly found in indigenous chicken breeds in China, and the virus's vertical transmission characteristics present a significant threat to the preservation of local chicken breeds.
Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the characteristics and effects of the recombinant ALV-J strain LY2021J, with a focus on its genetic composition and its potential influence on virulence and pathogenicity.
Global climate change and rapid urbanization have increased the frequency of flooding, making urban flood resilience a critical objective. This article introduces a methodology for assessing urban flood resilience, utilizing a social-ecological synthesis index that integrates geographical and temporal data with Geographic Information System (GIS). The study focuses on ten administrative subdistricts in Wuhua District, Kunming City, China, and selects 18 social-ecological indicators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Avian leukosis, a viral disease affecting birds such as chickens, presents significant challenges in poultry farming due to tumor formation, decreased egg production, and increased mortality. Despite the absence of a commercial vaccine, avian leukosis virus (ALV) infections have been extensively documented, resulting in substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. This study aimed to develop alginate-chitosan composite microspheres loaded with ALV-J Gp85 protein (referred to as aCHP-gp85) as a potential vaccine candidate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF() is a zoonotic pathogen with multiple serotypes, and thus, multivalent vaccines generating cross-protection against infections are urgently needed to improve animal welfare and reduce antibiotic abuse. In this study, we established a systematic and comprehensive epitope prediction pipeline based on immunoinformatics. Ten candidate epitopes were ultimately selected for building the multi-epitope vaccine (MVSS) against infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBacterial DeoR family transcription regulators regulate multiple physiological processes. Little is known about the function of DeoR family regulators in streptococci. Here, we identified a novel DeoR family regulator, GlpR, from Streptococcus suis, a pathogen causing severe diseases in pigs and humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
September 2023
The inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Bacteriophages (phages) have gained renewed attention as promising alternatives or supplements to antibiotics. In this study, a lytic avian pathogenic (APEC) phage designated as PEC9 was isolated and purified from chicken farm feces samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis a zoonotic pathogen causing meningitis and bacteremia in animals and humans. A lack of accurate and convenient detection methods hinders preventing and controlling diseases caused by . Additionally, there is limited knowledge about its pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance characteristics, as there are only three complete genome sequences available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA three-year-old male South China tiger died in the tiger enclosure of the China Tiger Park in the Meihua Mountains on December 2018 after being bitten by a tick. This tiger presented clinical symptoms like whole-body severe jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, kidney, and lymph node hemorrhages. The Colpodella sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Immunol Immunopathol
August 2022
Klebsiella infection is widely acknowledged to inflict severe inflammatory damage in bovines. Herein, we demonstrate significant death of EpH4-Ev cells incubated with Klebsiella. And compelling evidence shows that Klebsiella infection increases interactions between the Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3, which promotes phosphorylation of RIPK3 and MLKL to induce necroptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To study the effects of environmental stress and nutrient conditions on biofilm formation of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC).
Methods And Results: The APEC strain DE17 was used to study biofilm formation under various conditions of environmental stress (including different temperatures, pH, metal ions, and antibiotics) and nutrient conditions (Luria-Bertani [LB] and M9 media, with the addition of different carbohydrates, if necessary). The DE17 biofilm formation ability was strongest at 25°C in LB medium.
Growth in urinary tract depends on the ability of uropathogenic E. coli to adjust metabolism in response to available nutrients, especially to synthesize metabolites that are present in urinary tract with limited concentrations. In this study, a genome-wide assay was applied and identified five nucleotide biosynthetic genes purA, guaAB and carAB that are required for optimal growth of UPEC in human urine and colonization in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is the leading cause of bloodstream and other extraintestinal infections in human and animals. The greatest challenge encountered by ExPEC during an infection is posed by the host defense mechanisms, including lysozyme. ExPEC have developed diverse strategies to overcome this challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains cause one of the three most significant infectious diseases in the poultry industry and are also potential food-borne pathogens threating human health. In this study, we showed that ArcA (aerobic respiratory control), a global regulator important for E. coli's adaptation from anaerobic to aerobic conditions and control of that bacterium's enzymatic defenses against reactive oxygen species (ROS), is involved in the virulence of APEC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic infections by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are economically devastating to poultry industries worldwide. IbeR, located on genomic island GimA, was shown to serve as an RpoS-like regulator in rpoS gene mutation neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) RS218.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType VI secretion systems (T6SSs) are involved in the pathogenicity of several Gram-negative bacteria. The VgrG protein, a core component and effector of T6SS, has been demonstrated to perform diverse functions. The N-terminal domain of VgrG protein is a homologue of tail fiber protein gp27 of phage T4, which performs a receptor binding function and determines the host specificity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains frequently cause extra-intestinal infections and significant economic losses. Recent studies revealed that the type VI secretion system (T6SS) is involved in APEC pathogenesis. Here we provide the first evidence of three distinguishable and conserved T6SS loci in APEC genomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is one of the most important bacterial pathogens of poultry. The lack of suitable vaccines and the emergence of multi-resistant strains have hampered the control of avian colibacillosis. To identify immunogenic proteins of APEC as vaccine candidates, immunoproteomics and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) were applied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ibeB gene in neonatal meningitis Escherichia coli (NMEC) contribute to the penetration of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). However, whether IbeB plays a role in avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) infection remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFEMS Immunol Med Microbiol
June 2012
Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) is one of the most important bacterial pathogens of ducks and other avian species worldwide. Twenty-one serotypes of RA have been identified, with RA serotype two (RA2) being reported as one of the most predominant serotypes underlying infections in China. Current approaches to the control of RA are hindered by the absence of effective vaccines, particularly those that exhibit cross-protection between different serotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic infections in avian species caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are economically devastating to poultry industries worldwide. To unravel factors possibly involved in APEC pathogenicity, suppression subtractive hybridization was applied, leading to the identification of a putative APEC autotransporter adhesin gene aatA in our previous study. In this study, pathogenic mechanism of AatA was further determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStreptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause infections in pigs and humans. Bacterial surface proteins are often investigated as potential vaccine candidates and biomarkers of virulence. In this study, a novel method for identifying bacterial surface proteins is presented, which combines immunoproteomic and immunoserologic techniques.
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