Respect for history: an important dimension of contemporary obstetrics and gynecology.

"" This maxim underscores the importance of historical awareness in medicine, particularly for obstetricians and gynecologists (ObGyns). ObGyns significantly impact societal health through their care for pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns, uniquely positioning them to advocate for health initiatives with lasting societal benefits. Despite its importance, the history of medicine is underrepresented in medical curricula, missing opportunities to foster critical thinking and ethical decision-making.

The potential impact of universal screening for vasa previa in the prevention of stillbirths.

Objectives: To estimate the number of pregnancies complicated by vasa previa annually in nine developed countries, and the potential preventable stillbirths associated with undiagnosed cases. We also assessed the potential impact of universal screening for vasa previa on reducing stillbirth rates.

Methods: We utilized nationally-reported birth and stillbirth data from public databases in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Ireland, Greece, Sweden, Portugal, and Australia.

Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation: a medically reasonable treatment option in the management of types II and III vasa previa.

Vasa previa is a condition where unprotected fetal vessels cross the cervix within the membranes, posing a considerable risk of fetal death or severe morbidity if the membranes rupture before or during delivery. There has not been a definitive treatment for this condition. Patients are typically closely monitored and hospitalized in the early third trimester and scheduled for cesarean delivery before term.

Caudal regression in fetus with de novo SMARCA2 pathogenic variant.

Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic condition that is characterized by severe intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features, short stature, sparse hair, and early onset seizures. This diagnosis is established by suggestive clinical findings and the identification of a heterozygous SMARCA2 pathogenic variant by molecular genetic testing. There are not, however, consensus clinical diagnostic criteria for this condition as there are so few documented cases.

European association of perinatal medicine (EAPM) position statement: Screening, diagnosis and management of congenital anomalies of the umbilical cord.

Congenital anomalies of the umbilical cord are associated with an increased risk of pregnancy and perinatal complications. Some anomalies of the cord have a higher prevalence than other fetal structural anomalies. The most common anomalies are the absence of an umbilical artery and velamentous insertion of the cord (with or without vasa previa).

Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis: Time for a Paradigm Shift.

Recent advances in genetics and imaging have ushered substantial breakthroughs in screening and diagnosis for chromosomal and structural abnormalities. Thus, it is imperative that health care providers caring for pregnant individuals should reexamine established practices in prenatal screening and diagnosis. In the past, screening for chromosomal abnormalities was based almost entirely on Down syndrome.

The effect of cervical pessary on increasing gestational age at delivery in twin pregnancies with asymptomatic short cervix: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The incidence of preterm delivery is much higher in twin pregnancies than in singletons and even higher if a short cervical length is detected in the second trimester. Studies are contradictory regarding the efficacy of a cervical pessary to decrease preterm birth in twin pregnancies and short cervical length. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the efficacy of cervical pessary in prolonging gestation, preventing preterm birth, and reducing adverse neonatal outcomes in twin pregnancies with an asymptomatic short cervix.

Incorporation of vasa previa screening into a routine anomaly scan: A single center cohort study.

Introduction: Vasa previa (VP), defined as unprotected fetal vessels traversing the membranes over the cervix, is associated with a high perinatal mortality when undiagnosed prenatally. Conversely, prenatal diagnosis with ultrasound and cesarean delivery before the membranes rupture is associated with excellent outcomes. However, controversy exists regarding screening for VP.

Association between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity in a Large Integrated Health Care System.

Objective:  Recent studies have reported associations between severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes but the extent to which these associations vary by race/ethnicity remains uncertain. Therefore, we examined how the association between prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse perinatal outcomes may be modified by race/ethnicity.

Study Design:  A retrospective cohort study was performed using data on 67,986 pregnant women extracted from the Kaiser Permanente Southern California electronic health records between April 6, 2020, and December 31, 2021.

Vasa previa in singleton pregnancies: diagnosis and clinical management based on an international expert consensus.

Background: There are limited data to guide the diagnosis and management of vasa previa. Currently, what is known is largely based on case reports or series and cohort studies.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically collect and classify expert opinions and achieve consensus on the diagnosis and clinical management of vasa previa using focus group discussions and a Delphi technique.

Rising Trends of Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in a Large Integrated Healthcare Delivery System in Southern California, 2010-2021.

Objective: To evaluate trends of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis rates among children aged 5-17 years over the past decade (2010-2021) and to investigate whether there have been differences in temporal changes based on race and ethnicity, sex, or income.

Study Design: Childhood ADHD diagnosis was ascertained from electronic health records using International Classification of Diseases ninth revision (314.xx) and International Classification of Diseases tenth revision (F90.

Placental abruption: Incidence and risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies.

Aim: To estimate the incidence of abruption in first births and recurrence in the subsequent birth in patients of a large US-based integrated health care system.

Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study of patients with first two consecutive singleton births using data from the Kaiser-Permanente South California health care system who delivered over a period of 30 years (1991-2021), using longitudinally linked electronic health records. ICD-9/ICD-10 codes "641.

Randomized controlled trials: not always the "gold standard" for evidence in obstetrics and gynecology.

Randomized controlled trials are considered the "gold standard" for therapeutic interventions, and it is not uncommon for sweeping changes in medical practice to follow positive results from such trials. However, randomized controlled trials are not without their limitations. Physicians frequently view randomized controlled trials as infallible, whereas they tend to dismiss evidence derived from sources other than randomized controlled trials as less credible or reliable.

Vasa Previa.

Vasa previa refers to unprotected fetal vessels running through the membranes over the cervix. Until recently, this condition was associated with an exceedingly high perinatal mortality rate attributable to fetal exsanguination when the membranes ruptured. However, ultrasonography has made it possible to diagnose the condition prenatally, allowing cesarean delivery before labor or rupture of the membranes.