Red Swamp Crayfish () as a Growing Food Source: Opportunities and Challenges in Comprehensive Research and Utilization.

The red swamp crayfish () was introduced from Japan to China in the 1920s. Crayfish are now widely distributed in almost all types of freshwater wetlands, including rice fields, ditches, swamps, lakes, and ponds in most provinces of China, owing to their multi-directional movement, rapid growth, adaptability to the environment, and relatively high fecundity. The delectable taste and high nutritional value of crayfish have made them popular among consumers, leading to the significant development of red swamp crayfish farming in the last two decades.

A comparative study of different soybean oil forms on the physicochemical properties of surimi myofibrillar protein gel: The role of soybean protein isolate and κ-carrageenan.

Natural soybean oil, Pickering emulsion, high-internal-phase emulsion (HIPE), and emulsion gel were prepared to investigate their effects on the physicochemical properties of surimi myofibrillar protein gels. Their effects on gel strength ranked as: emulsion gel > Pickering emulsion > HIPE > soybean oil. At the same oil content, the emulsion gel exhibited higher G' than the other forms whereas natural oil exhibited the lowest G', and T was smaller in the emulsion gel group, indicating that the emulsion gel enhanced the interaction between water molecules and protein macromolecules.

Fusion of convolutional neural network with XGBoost feature extraction for predicting multi-constituents in corn using near infrared spectroscopy.

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been widely utilized to predict multi-constituents of corn in agriculture. However, directly extracting constituent information from the NIR spectra is challenging due to many issues such as broad absorption band, overlapping and non-specific nature. To solve these problems and extract implicit features from the raw data of NIR spectra to improve performance of quantitative models, a one-dimensional shallow convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) feature extraction method was proposed in this paper.

XGBoost algorithm assisted multi-component quantitative analysis with Raman spectroscopy.

To improve prediction performance and reduce artifacts in Raman spectra, we developed an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) preprocessing method to preprocess the Raman spectra of glucose, glycerol and ethanol mixtures. To ensure the robustness and reliability of the XGBoost preprocessing method, an X-LR model (which combined XGBoost preprocessing and a linear regression (LR) model) and a X-MLP model (which combined XGBoost preprocessing and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model) were developed. These two models were used to quantitatively analyze the concentrations of glucose, glycerol and ethanol in the Raman spectra of mixed solutions.

Constructing soybean protein isolate /bacterial cellulose co-assemblies by pH shifting treatment: Molecular conformation and physicochemical properties.

The study elucidates that the pH shifting treatment unfolds the conformation of soybean protein isolate (SPI), enabling it to intertwine with bacterial cellulose (BC) and form SPI/BC co-assemblies. Results from intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and surface hydrophobicity indicate that the SPI with pH shifting treatment shows a notable blue shift in maximum emission wavelength and increased surface hydrophobicity. It demonstrates that pH shifting treatment facilitates the unfolding of SPI's molecular conformation, promoting its entanglement with high aspect ratio BC.

Insight into the Mechanism of Porcine Myofibrillar Protein Gel Properties Modulated by κ-Carrageenan.

The purpose of this study is to explain the mechanism of porcine myofibrillar protein gel properties modulated by κ-carrageenan. The textural properties results showed that the stress at fracture of the composite gel with 0.4% κ-carrageenan had the highest value (91.

First result from the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics experiment JUNA: precise measurement of the 92 keV Mg(p, γ)Al resonance.

The Mg(p, γ)Al reaction plays an important role in the study of cosmic 1.809 MeV γ-ray as a signature of ongoing nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy. At astrophysical temperature around 0.

Measurement of F(p, γ)Ne reaction suggests CNO breakout in first stars.

Proposed mechanisms for the production of calcium in the first stars (population III stars)-primordial stars that formed out of the matter of the Big Bang-are at odds with observations. Advanced nuclear burning and supernovae were thought to be the dominant source of the calcium production seen in all stars. Here we suggest a qualitatively different path to calcium production through breakout from the 'warm' carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle through a direct experimental measurement of the F(p, γ)Ne breakout reaction down to a very low energy point of 186 kiloelectronvolts, reporting a key resonance at 225 kiloelectronvolts.

Hsa_circ_0005576 promotes osimertinib resistance through the miR-512-5p/IGF1R axis in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) harboring activating mutations, but patients ultimately develop acquired resistance. Circular RNAs are involved in EGFR-TKI resistance, while the role of hsa_circ_0005576 in the osimertinib resistance of LUAD remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that hsa_circ_0005576 could facilitate osimertinib-resistant LUAD cells.

Insight into the mechanism of myofibrillar protein gel influenced by konjac glucomannan: Moisture stability and phase separation behavior.

The effect and mechanism of myofibrillar protein (MP) gelation influenced by konjac glucomannan (KG) addition were studied. The KG addition significantly improved gel strength and water holding capability (WHC) of MP-KG composite gel, but it had additive limitation at 1.0%.

The effects of three polysaccharides on the gelation properties of myofibrillar protein: Phase behaviour and moisture stability.

The effects of three polysaccharides on the textural properties and microstructure of myofibrillar protein (MP) gels were studied. The gel strength and rheological properties of composite MP gels were significantly improved with insoluble dietary fibre (DF) and modified starch (MS) addition, while konjac glucomannan (KG) had limited effects at 1% addition. The SEM images indicated that moisture extrusion formed moisture channels and deteriorated the aggregation of MP gel networks during the thermal process.

Insight into the mechanism of physicochemical influence by three polysaccharides on myofibrillar protein gelation.

In this study, the effect and mechanism of myofibrillar protein (MP) gelation influenced by the hydration characteristic of three polysaccharides were studied through puncture test, paraffin section, SEM and Raman spectroscopy. The gel strength and water holding capability reflect that MP gelation only significantly improves until modified starch (MS) addition beyond 1.0%.

Effects of high-speed shear homogenization on the emulsifying and structural properties of myofibrillar protein under low-fat conditions.

Background: Emulsification is important for food quality and processing functionality. Most emulsification occurs under high-fat conditions that eventually cause health concerns. Protein emulsifiers also have drawbacks such as lower dispersity.

Simultaneous and specific enrichment of several amphenicol antibiotics residues in food based on novel aptamer functionalized magnetic adsorbents using HPLC-DAD.

In this work, a novel aptamer functionalized magnetic adsorbent was developed and combined with magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MDSPE) for selective enrichment of several amphenicol antibiotics residues (chloramphenicol(CAP), thiamphenicol(TAP) and florphenicol(FF)) in foodstuff then determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)-Diode array detector(DAD). Firstly, a magnetic silica-coated FeO microsphere(FeO@SiO) was synthetized by sol-gel method, then it was functionalized by amino groups through 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) reagent to form FeO@SiO-NH; Thirdly, the amino group on FeO@SiO-NH was transferred to carboxylic group via the succinic anhydride to form FeO@SiO-COOH. Finally a kind of DNA aptamer with amino group which can simultaneously recognize CAP, TAP, FF, was functionalized on FeO@SiO-COOH through adding the EDC/sulfo-NHS coupling reagent (FeO@SiO@Apt).

Novel label-free and high-throughput microchip electrophoresis platform for multiplex antibiotic residues detection based on aptamer probes and target catalyzed hairpin assembly for signal amplification.

Novel label-free and multiplex aptasensors have been developed for simultaneous detection of several antibiotics based on a microchip electrophoresis (MCE) platform and target catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) for signal amplification. Kanamycin (Kana) and oxytetracycline (OTC) were employed as models for testing the system. These aptasensors contained six DNA strands termed as Kana aptamer-catalysis strand (Kana apt-C), Kana inhibit strand (Kana inh), OTC aptamer-catalysis strand (OTC apt-C), OTC inhibit strand (OTC inh), hairpin structures H1 and H2 which were partially complementary.

The changes in the proteolysis activity and the accumulation of free amino acids during chinese traditional dry-cured loins processing.

Twelve pieces of were processed into Chinese traditional dry-cured loins. The changes in the proteolylic enzymes activities, myofibrillar proteins degradation, and free amino acids content were investigated during processing. Compared with fresh piece (0 day), the cathepsin B + L and calpains activities decreased after dry-curing and maintained potential activities values of 23.

An electrochemical aptasensor for multiplex antibiotics detection using Y-shaped DNA-based metal ions encoded probes with NMOF substrate and CSRP target-triggered amplification strategy.

An effective electrochemical aptasensor has been developed for the detection of multiplex antibiotics using Y-shaped DNA probes. These probes-based metal ions encoded the nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (NMOF) as a substrate, and circular strand-replacement DNA polymerization (CSRP) target triggered the amplification strategy. The Y-DNA probes (Y-DNA) were assembled using an assisted DNA probe (assisted DNA labeled with magnetic gold nanoparticles) which can hybridize to the captured DNA probe (consisting of aptamer and primer recognition region), and signal tags (NMOF encapsulating signal DNAs and different metal ions such as Pb or Cd).

A label-free and universal platform for antibiotics detection based on microchip electrophoresis using aptamer probes.

A novel label-free, universal, and high throughput aptasensor was developed based on a microchip electrophoresis (MCE) platform for automatic detection of antibiotic residues in food. Firstly, chloramphenicol (CAP) was employed as a model to be captured by its aptamer probe (Apt). Then, the partial complementary oligonucleotide of CAP's aptamer (C-DNA) was introduced into the reaction system.

An electrochemical aptasensor for multiplex antibiotics detection based on metal ions doped nanoscale MOFs as signal tracers and RecJ exonuclease-assisted targets recycling amplification.

An ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor for simultaneous detection of oxytetracycline (OTC) and kanamycin (KAN) has been developed based on metal ions doped metal organic frame materials (MOFs) as signal tracers and RecJ exonuclease-catalyzed targets recycling amplification. The aptasensor consists of capture beads (the anti-single-stranded DNA Antibody, as anti-ssDNA Ab, labeled on Dynabeads) and nanoscale MOF (NMOF) based signal tracers (simplified as Apts-MNM, the NMOF labeled with metal ions and the aptamers). Particularly, the MOF (UiO-66-NH), with large internal surface areas, ultrahigh porosity and abundant amine groups in the pores, was employed as substrates to carry plenty of metal ions (Pb or Cd) and label aptamers of OTC or KAN.

Novel single-stranded DNA binding protein-assisted fluorescence aptamer switch based on FRET for homogeneous detection of antibiotics.

Herein, a smart single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB)-assisted fluorescence aptamer switch based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was designed. The FRET switch was synthesized by connecting SSB labeled quantum dots (QDs@SSB) as donor with aptamer (apt) labeled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@apt) as acceptor, and it was employed for detecting chloramphenicol (CAP) in a homogenous solution. In the assay, the interaction between core-shell QDs@SSB and AuNPs@apt leads to a dramatic quenching (turning off).

Effect of trypsin treatments on the structure and binding capacity of volatile compounds of myosin.

In order to investigate the mechanism between flavor binding and proteins degradation during meat processing, the influence of different trypsin contents on the structure of myosin and the adsorption capacity on aldehydes and ketones was determined. The 1% treatment produced subfragment 2 (S2), light meromyosin (LMM) and decreased 18 and 16kDa light chains; 5% and 10% treatments produced 100 and 65kDa new bands and more S2, LMM and cleaned light chains. With the rising trypsin contents, β-sheet, β-turn, random coil, hydrophobicity and total sulfydryl content increased; solubility, α-helix and free percentages of aldehydes and ketones decreased.

Novel method for the rapid and specific extraction of multiple β2 -agonist residues in food by tailor-made Monolith-MIPs extraction disks and detection by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry.

A quick and specific pretreatment method based on a series of extraction clean-up disks, consisting of molecularly imprinted polymer monoliths and C18 adsorbent, was developed for the specific enrichment of salbutamol and clenbuterol residues in food. The molecularly imprinted monolithic polymer disk was synthesized using salbutamol as a template through a one-step synthesis process. It can simultaneously and specifically recognize salbutamol and clenbuterol.

A triple-amplification SPR electrochemiluminescence assay for chloramphenicol based on polymer enzyme-linked nanotracers and exonuclease-assisted target recycling.

The present study aimed to explore a novel triple-amplification electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay for detecting of chloramphenicol (CAP). This strategy was based on single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme-linked polymer (EnVision reagent, EV) labeled on Au nanoparticles (EV-Au-SSB) as nanotracer and exonuclease-assisted target recycling. The composite probes were prepared via immunoreactions between the CdS nanocrystal (CdS NC)-functionalized partial complementary DNA and aptamer (CdSNCs/Apt-ssDNA1) as capture probes, and EV-Au-SSB as nanotracer.

A homogeneous and "off-on" fluorescence aptamer-based assay for chloramphenicol using vesicle quantum dot-gold colloid composite probes.

In this work, a novel homogeneous and signal "off-on" aptamer based fluorescence assay was successfully developed to detect chloramphenicol (CAP) residues in food based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The vesicle nanotracer was prepared through labeling single stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) on limposome-CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (SSB/L-QD) complexes. It was worth mentioning that the signal tracer (SSB/L-QD) with vesicle shape, which was fabricated being encapsulated with a number of quantum dots and SSB.

Electro-deposited poly-luminol molecularly imprinted polymer coating on carboxyl graphene for stir bar sorptive extraction of estrogens in milk.

Electrochemical polymerization of luminol molecularly imprinted polymer on carboxyl graphene (MIP/CG) was developed as stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) coating for selective pre-concentration and specific recognition of bisphenol A (BPA), hexoestrol and diethylstilbestrol in milk samples. Luminol was employed as monomer and BPA as the template to prepare MIP under 0-0.6V electro-polymerization.