β-Microglobulin coaggregates with Aβ and contributes to amyloid pathology and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice.

Extensive studies indicate that β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation is pivotal for Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression; however, cumulative evidence suggests that Aβ itself is not sufficient to trigger AD-associated degeneration, and whether other additional pathological factors drive AD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we characterize pathogenic aggregates composed of β-microglobulin (βM) and Aβ that trigger neurodegeneration in AD. βM, a component of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC class I), is upregulated in the brains of individuals with AD and constitutes the amyloid plaque core.

Ultrasound Combined With Single-Use Cervical Dilation Sticks And Lidocaine Achieved Good Clinical Outcomes In Hysteroscopic Removal Of The Intrauterine Device: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Our purpose of this study was to investigate the value of ultrasound combined with disposable cervical dilating stick and lidocaine in hysteroscopic intrauterine device (IUD) removal in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Ninety-six postmenopausal women who requested IUD removal in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected and randomly divided into a control group (48 cases) and a study group (48 cases) according to random number table method, with the control group undergoing conventional hysteroscopic IUD removal and the study group undergoing hysteroscopic IUD removal with ultrasound combined with a single-use cervical dilator rod and lidocaine. The time of IUD removal, subjective comfort evaluation scale (SECS) scores, treatment compliance, quality of life scale (SF-36) scores, IUD removal results, hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD) scores and complications were compared between the two groups.

β2-microglobulin functions as an endogenous NMDAR antagonist to impair synaptic function.

Down syndrome (DS) is a neurological disorder with multiple immune-related symptoms; however, crosstalk between the CNS and peripheral immune system remains unexplored. Using parabiosis and plasma infusion, we found that blood-borne factors drive synaptic deficits in DS. Proteomic analysis revealed elevation of β2-microglobulin (B2M), a major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) component, in human DS plasma.

The Bidirectional Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperuricemia: Evidence from a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Although several studies have examined the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hyperuricemia (HUA), the direction of the association remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether there was a bidirectional association between them.

Methods: The present study was conducted in three analyses.

A study on the changing trend and influencing factors of hospitalization costs of schizophrenia in economically underdeveloped areas of China.

The public health problems caused by schizophrenia are becoming increasingly prominent and can place a huge economic burden on society. This study takes Gansu Province as an example to analyze the level and changing trend of the economic burden of schizophrenia inpatients in economically underdeveloped areas of China. Using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, 39,054 schizophrenics from 197 medical and health institutions in Gansu Province were selected as the research objects, and their medical expenses and related medical records were obtained from the medical information system.

Kawasaki disease coronary artery lesions prediction with monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) in Kawasaki disease (KD) complicated with coronary artery lesions (CALs) and to construct a nomogram prediction model.

Methods: The medical records of KD inpatients diagnosed in the Department of Pediatrics of Lanzhou University Second Hospital from May 2015 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. ROC curves were applied to evaluate the predictive value of MHR in KD complicated with CALs, and logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors.

USP25 inhibition ameliorates Alzheimer's pathology through the regulation of APP processing and Aβ generation.

Down syndrome (DS), or trisomy 21, is one of the critical risk factors for early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), implicating key roles for chromosome 21-encoded genes in the pathogenesis of AD. We previously identified a role for the deubiquitinase USP25, encoded on chromosome 21, in regulating microglial homeostasis in the AD brain; however, whether USP25 affects amyloid pathology remains unknown. Here, by crossing 5×FAD AD and Dp16 DS mice, we observed that trisomy 21 exacerbated amyloid pathology in the 5×FAD brain.

The role of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in activated microglia of rats with chronic high intraocular pressure and vitro scratch injury-induced microglia.

Glaucoma is a kind of blind-causing disease with structural damages of optic nerve and defection of visual field. It is believed that the death of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is a consequential event of over-reactive immune orchestral cells such as microglia. Previous evidences in animal and clinical studies show the innate immunity plays a pivotal role in neuro-inflammation of glaucoma.

Isolation, characterization, and tissue-specific expression of GABA A receptor α1 subunit gene of Carassius auratus gibelio after avermectin treatment.

Carassius auratus gibelio has been widely cultivated in fish farms in China, with avermectin (AVM) being used to prevent parasite infection. Recently, AVM was found to pass through the Carassius auratus gibelio blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although AVM acts mainly through a GABA receptor and specifically the α1 subunit gene, the most common isoform of the GABA A receptor, which is widely expressed in brain neurons and has been studied in other fish, Carassius auratus gibelio GABA A receptor α1 subunit gene cloning, and whether AVM passes through the BBB to induce Carassius auratus gibelio GABA A receptor α1 subunit gene expression have not been studied.

Chitosan Influences the Expression of P-gp and Metabolism of Norfloxacin in Grass Carp.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the administration of chitosan (CTS), expression of permeability glycoprotein (P-gp), and the metabolism of norfloxacin (NOR) in Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Fish were administrated with a single dose of either NOR, CTS, 1:5 NOR-CTS or 1:10 NOR-CTS. The P-gp expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real time-PCR.

Comparison of praziquantel pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in fresh and brackish water cultured grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idellus) after oral administration of single bolus.

Background: Praziquantel (PZQ) is an effective pesticide against monogeneans. Its pharmacokinetics in fish may be affected by water environment and temperature. The present study was designed to compare the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and elimination of PZQ in freshwater-acclimated grass carp and brackish water cultured grass carp.

The evolution of self-control.

Cognition presents evolutionary research with one of its greatest challenges. Cognitive evolution has been explained at the proximate level by shifts in absolute and relative brain volume and at the ultimate level by differences in social and dietary complexity. However, no study has integrated the experimental and phylogenetic approach at the scale required to rigorously test these explanations.

Distribution and quantitative detection of GABAA receptor in Carassius auratus gibelio.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in brain, is synthesized from glutamate and metabolized to succinic semialdehyde by glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and GABA transaminase (GABA-T), respectively. The fast inhibitory effect of GABA is mediated by GABA type A (GABAA) receptors that are associated with several neurological disorders, and GABAA receptors are targets of several therapeutic agents. To date, information on the distribution and quantity of GABAA receptors in Carassius auratus gibelio is still limited.