Biocompatible BSA-MnO nanoparticles for timely permeability imaging of blood-brain barrier and prediction of hemorrhage transformation in acute ischemic stroke.

Hemorrhage transformation (HT) is a frequent but maybe fatal complication following acute ischemic stroke due to severe damage of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Quantitative BBB permeability imaging is a promising method to predict HT in stroke patients for a favorable prognosis. However, clinical gadolinium chelate-based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the stroke suffers from a relatively low sensitivity and potential side effects of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and intracranial gadolinium deposition.