Roadmap for ending TB in China by 2035: The challenges and strategies.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten causes of death worldwide, taking the lives of over a million people annually. In addition to being a serious health issue, TB is also closely linked to eradicating poverty according to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN). All UN members have committed to ending the TB epidemic by 2030.

Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to child safety restraint in citizens of Shenzhen Municipality, China, and the associations between these factors.

Objective: A child safety restraint (CSR) is an effective measure to reduce the risk of child injury from traffic collisions. This study aims to explore knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding CSRs in a Chinese population.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey regarding CSR use was conducted from April to May 2014 in Shenzhen municipality.

Poor awareness of syphilis prevention and treatment knowledge among six different populations in south China.

Background: China is facing an emerging epidemic of syphilis, and the cities in south China are most affected. Knowledge is a key factor in the prevention of syphilis infection, however, little is reported about how much people know about syphilis. This study was aimed at assessing peoples' awareness status in a city located in south China.

[Contact tracing of pregnant women infected with syphilis and the associated factors].

Objective: To investigate the current status of contact tracing among pregnant women infected with syphilis and to analyze the associated factors from patients' perspective.

Methods: Pregnant women who aged 18 years old, receiving prenatal care services in Shenzhen, diagnosed with syphilis according to national diagnostic criteria (WS 273-2007) from 2008 to 2011 were recruited and the total number was 3 551. Information of both pregnant women (including demographic information, laboratory results, syphilis diagnosis, and personal life history) and their partners (including results of partner tracing and laboratory examination) were collected with structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview.

Spatio-temporal analysis of female breast cancer incidence in Shenzhen, 2007-2012.

Introduction: Breast cancer is a leading tumor with a high mortality in women. This study examined the spatio-temporal distribution of the incidence of female breast cancer in Shenzhen between 2007 and 2012.

Methods: The data on breast cancer incidence were obtained from the Shenzhen Cancer Registry System.

Reduction in mother-to-child transmission of syphilis for 10 years in Shenzhen, China.

Background: Untreated maternal syphilis can result in the fetuses being infected. Severe adverse pregnancy outcomes include stillbirth, perinatal death, low birth weight, and congenital syphilis (CS). The World Health Organization has already classified global elimination of CS as a priority.

Effect of Diagnostic and Treatment Delay on the Risk of Tuberculosis Transmission in Shenzhen, China: An Observational Cohort Study, 1993-2010.

Introduction: To understand better the risk of tuberculosis transmission with increasing delay in tuberculosis treatment, we undertook a retrospective cohort study in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: All pulmonary tuberculosis cases in the Shenzhen tuberculosis surveillance database from 1993-2010 were included. Sputum smear positivity and presence of pulmonary cavity were used as proxies for risk of tuberculosis transmission.

[Study on the efficacy and safety of short-term treatment including fluoroquinolones anti-tuberculosis drugs for rifampicin resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short-term treatment including fluoroquinolones anti-tuberculosis drugs for rifampicin resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in those areas carrying out the 'TB control project'.

Methods: TB cases involved in this study were from TB drug resistance surveillance in Heilongjiang province, Zhejiang province and Shenzhen city from 2004 to 2006. TB cases with rifampicin resistant were randomly divided into the treatment group (including fluoroquinolones anti-tuberculosis drugs group) and the control group (re-treatment regimen group).

[Comparative study of the factors in tuberculosis treatment between immigrant workers and local residents in Shenzhen].

Objective: To study the factors affecting the management and treatment of immigrant workers with tuberculosis, to determine the most effective measures and to provide an academic basis for tuberculosis control and prevention strategies targeting the immigrant population.

Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was administered to 1364 immigrant workers with tuberculosis (study group) and 436 local residents (control group) with tuberculosis.

Results: Whether a patient's tuberculosis status was discovered or not was related to the medical facilities initially visited, job mobility, and the individual worker's economic condition.

[Effects of two treatment regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis in tuberculosis control project areas: a comparative study].

Objectives: To search for an ideal therapeutic regimen for multidrug resistant tuberculosis conforming to the situation of China.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-four patients with rifampin-resistant tuberculosis, 114 multi-drug resistant (MDR-TB) and 40 resistant to other drugs, in Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, and Shenzhen, 107 males and 47 females, aged 39 (19-77), were randomly divided into 2 groups: 85 patients in the group of drug-resistant regimen, 3RFT AM Ofx Pto PAS-INH/5RFT Ofx Pto PAS-INH regimen, including rifapentine (RFT), amikacin (Am), ofloxacin (Ofx), protionamide (Pto), para-aminosalicylic acid-isoniazid (PAS-INH) for 3 months and then RFT, Ofx, Pto, and PAS-INH for 5 months, and 69 in the retreatment regimen group undergoing 3 H3R3Z3E3S3/5 H3R3E3, including isoniazid (H), rifampin (R), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E), and streptomycin (S) for 3 months and then H, R, and E for 5 months. Sputum smear was checked and the sputum smear conversion rate was calculated as an effective treatment indicator 3, 6, and 8 months later.

[An epidemiological study on the ecological environment related to Nontuberculous mycobacteria in Shenzhen city of Guangdong province].

Objective: To investigate the distribution of Nontuberculous mycobacteria in the environment of Shenzhen city and its related sensitivity to drugs.

Methods: 145 samples in the environment of Shenzhen city were collected and the samples were isolated, identified and its drug sensitivity were detected according to the "Procedure of Bacteriological Determination Regulation for Tuberculous Diagnosis", issued in 1995 by the Antituberculosis Association of China.

Results: All together, 53 strains of Mycobacteria were detected from the 145 sample, including 6 of them isolated from the polluted water in the hospital before disinfected, 4 from the polluted water in the hospital after disinfected, 4 from the dirt of air condition in the hospital, 34 from the polluted water in the residential area, 3 from the ocean water and 2 from the fountain.

Use of PCR and reverse line blot hybridization macroarray based on 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer sequences for rapid identification of 34 mycobacterium species.

The aim of this study was to develop a PCR and reverse line blot hybridization (PCR-RLB) macroarray assay based on 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer sequences for the identification and differentiation of 34 mycobacterial species or subspecies. The performance of the PCR-RLB assay was assessed and validated by using 78 reference strains belonging to 55 Mycobacterium species, 219 clinical isolates which had been identified as mycobacteria by high-performance liquid chromatography or gas chromatography, three skin biopsy specimens from patients with suspected leprosy which had been shown to contain acid-fast bacilli, and isolates of 14 nonmycobacterial species. All mycobacteria were amplified in the PCR and hybridized with a genus-specific probe (probe MYC).