Chemical stability of carboxylpyranocyanidin-3-O-glucoside under β-glucosidase treatment and description of their interaction.

Anthocyanins are susceptible to degradation by β-glycosidase, resulting in color loss. This study analyzed the impact of β-glycosidase on carboxylpyranocyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Carboxyl-pycy-3-gluc) and its precursor cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy-3-gluc). Carboxyl-pycy-3-gluc exhibited enhanced stability upon treatment with β-glucosidase.

Anthocyanins degradation mediated by β-glycosidase contributes to the color loss during alcoholic fermentation in a structure-dependent manner.

Anthocyanins deteriorate during fermentation to varying degrees depending on the structure of the anthocyanin, thus affecting the sensory quality of the wine, and the degradation of anthocyanins is closely associated with the β-glycosidase. In this study, the alcoholic fermentation systems containing cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), peonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pn3G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D3G), petunidin-3-O-glucoside (Pt3G), and malvidin-3-O-glucoside (M3G) incubated for eight days. Our results indicated that the color of the systems containing different anthocyanins saw significant and dissimilar changes during fermentation, in relation to anthocyanin degradation.

Interaction between a Commercial Mannoprotein and Cyanidin-3--glucoside-4-vinylphenol and Its Stability and Antioxidative Properties as a Novel Functional Pigment.

Hydroxyphenyl-pyranoanthocyanins, which are derived from anthocyanins and phenolic acids during the fermentation and aging of red wine, are prone to polymerization and precipitation, which largely limits their application and bioactivity research. In the present study, cyanidin-3--glucoside-4-vinylphenol (C3GVP), a hydroxyphenyl-pyranoanthocaynin, was prepared from C3G and -coumaric acid, and mannoprotein (MP) was employed to improve its stability in various complex solvents by forming a stable anthocyanin-MP complex. We used scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy to observe structural changes in C3GVP and MP.

Formation of hydroxyphenyl-pyranoanthocyanins derived from cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and effects of high-pressure processing on the transformation efficiency.

Hydroxyphenyl-pyranoanthocyanins (PACNs), derived from anthocyanins (ACNs) reacted with hydroxycinnamic acids, have higher practical application value because of better physicochemical stability than their precursors. However, the slow formation rate restricted their broader applications. In the present study, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) was chosen to react with four kinds of hydroxycinnamic acids in a model solution.

Modeling and application of sensory evaluation of blueberry wine based on principal component analysis.

In this study, eight different levels of commercial blueberry wines were studied to establish the comprehensive quality evaluation method of blueberry wine. Eleven physicochemical indexes (total carbohydrates (TC), total acids (TA), total esters (TE), total phenols (TP), total anthocyanins (ANT), color density (CD), tint (T), alcohol by volume (ABV), total soluble solids (TSS), Ph value, total dry extracts (TDE)) were used to establish the quality evaluation model and conduct the principal component analysis (PCA). Based on the results from PCA, the first three principal components accounted for 85.

Color Stability Enhancement and Antioxidation Improvement of Sanhua Plum Wine under Circulating Ultrasound.

Anthocyanins contribute to the attractive color of fruit wine, and their excessive degradation is deleterious to quality, especially for wine with an inherently low anthocyanin content, such as Sanhua plum wine. Ultrasonic treatment is well recognized for wine color maintenance. In the present study, fresh Sanhua plum wine was ultrasonic-treated and aged in barrels for three months.

Formation of Stable Ni N-Confused Porphyrins Aided by a 3-Ethoxy Group.

We report the synthesis, characterization, and reactivities of two stable Ni N-confused porphyrin (NCP) complexes. Metalation of 3-OEt NCP 1 with NiCl  ⋅ 6H O in CHCl /EtOH gave 3-OEt Ni NCP 3 initially, which was easily oxidized in air to form the Ni complex of NCP inner C-oxide 4. Bis-ethoxy-modified Ni complex 5 was synthesized by oxidation of 3 with PIFA in ethanol and CHCl .

Pyruvic acid stress caused color attenuation by interfering with anthocyanins metabolism during alcoholic fermentation.

Anthocyanin accounts for wine color performance, while it is susceptive to saccharomyces cerevisiae, causing threatened stability. Considering pyranoanthocyanin performed better color and stability, converting anthocyanins to pyranoanthocyanins in advance during fermentation was an ideal way for color improvement. Thus, pyruvic acid (PA) as the precursor of vitisin A was applied to fermentation with cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G).

The Prevalence and Correlates of Prehospital Delay and Health Belief in Chinese Patients With Colorectal Cancer.

The objective of this study was to describe prehospital delay and health beliefs in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer. A total of 756 adult Chinese patients with a first-time diagnosis of colorectal cancer were recruited during 2016 in Guangzhou, China. All patients completed the Chinese-language version of a questionnaire developed specifically for this study as well as the Chinese-language version of the Champion Health Belief Model Scale.

Clinical features of perforating eye injuries complicated with intraocular foreign bodies located at the posterior global wall.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effects of vitrectomy in patients with perforating eye injuries with foreign bodies at the exit wound in the posterior global wall.

Methods: Fifty-two cases, diagnosed with perforating eye injury with foreign bodies at the exit of the posterior global wall and admitted to our hospital between June 2010 and June 2013, were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent vitrectomy and removal of intraocular foreign bodies and were followed up for 6 to 24 months.