mRNA m5C Alteration in Azacitidine Demethylation Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

The DNA demethylating therapy with azacitidine (AZA) is a promising therapeutic strategy for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AZA primarily inhibits DNA methylation, promotes cell differentiation and apoptosis in AML. However, as a cytosine nucleoside analog, AZA also has the potential to be incorporated into RNA molecules.

Characterization of key flavor substances and their microbial sources in traditional sour bamboo shoots.

Identifying key flavor compounds and their producing bacteria in sour bamboo shoots is crucial for flavor stabilization and industrial production. This study analyzed 15 traditional sour bamboo shoot samples from northern Guangdong to determine key flavor substances and microbial community. Results showed key flavor substances were acetic acid (RTC ≥ 50% in 10 samples), lactic acid (RTC ≥ 50% in 5 samples), and p-cresol (ROC ≥ 93%).

Carboxyl-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the controlled delivery of poorly water-soluble non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the delivery of poorly water-soluble non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by carboxyl-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-COOH) with high specific surface area (S). In this study, MSN-COOH was prepared by collaborative self-assembly using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template and hydrolysis (3-triethoxyl-propyl) succinic anhydride (TESPSA) as co-structure auxiliary directing agent (CSDA). The drug delivery systems were constructed with NSAIDs including Nimesulide (NMS) and Indomethacin (IMC) as model drugs.

Isolation and identification of a human intestinal bacterium capable of daidzein conversion.

Equol, which produced from daidzein (one of the principal isoflavones), is recognized to be the most resultful in stimulating an estrogenic and antioxidant response. The daidzein transformation was studied during fermentation of five growth media inoculated with feces from a healthy human, and a daidzein conversion strain was isolated. To enrich the bacterial population involved in daidzein metabolism in a complex mixture, fecal samples were treated with antibiotics.

Dual response to pH and chiral microenvironments for the release of a flurbiprofen-loaded chiral self-assembled mesoporous silica drug delivery system.

This study examined the effects of pH and chirality on the release of flurbiprofen (FP)-loaded chiral (L/D) self-assembled mesoporous silica nanoparticles (CSA-L/D-MSNs), which were synthesized using cationic cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a template and chiral modified using L/D-tartaric acids. The morphology and physicochemical properties of the CSA-L/D-MSNs were systemically determined and compared with those of non-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). The results showed that the CSA-L/D-MSNs were spherical nanoparticles, and the chirality in the L/D-tartaric acids was successfully imparted to the CSA-L/D-MSNs.

Colonization Potential to Reconstitute a Microbe Community in Pseudo Germ-Free Mice After Fecal Microbe Transplant From Equol Producer.

Human intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the conversion of isoflavones into equol. Usually, human microbiota-associated (HMA) animal models are used, since it is difficult to establish the mechanism and causal relationship between equol and microbiota in human studies. Currently, several groups have successfully established HMA animal models that produce equol through germ-free mice or rats; however, the HMA model of producing equol through pseudo germ-free mice has not been established.

Enlarged Pore Size Chiral Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded Poorly Water-Soluble Drug Perform Superior Delivery Effect.

Large mesopores of chiral silica nanoparticles applied as drug carrier are worth studying. In this study, chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles (CMSN) and enlarged chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles (E-CMSN) with a particle size from 200 to 300 nm were synthesized. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), circular dichroism spectrum, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement were adopted to explore their characteristics.

Chiral mesoporous silica based LOFL delivery systems using achiral alcohols as co-structure-directing agents: Construction, characterization, sustained release and antibacterial activity.

The present work reported two synthesized chiral mesoporous silicas (CMSs) with opposite chirality for loading, release, and antibacterial activities of levofloxacin (LOFL). Herein, helical CMS nanorods were prepared by the sol-gel method using CTAB as a template and either n-heptanol or n-nonanol as a co-structure-directing agent (CSDA). The synthesized CMSs were characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), induced circular dichroism (ICD), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption.

Design and preparation of mesoporous silica carriers with chiral structures for drug release differentiation.

In this study, twisted rod-like chiral mesoporous silicas (CMSs) with discriminating chiral characteristics (D/L) were designed and biomimetic synthesized by using L- and d-alanine derivatives as templates, and employed as poorly water-soluble chiral drug ibuprofen (IBU) carriers. The morphology and mesoscopic characteristics of CMSs were determined by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Meanwhile, the physicochemical properties of CMSs before and after drug loading were systematically characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and induced circular dichroism (ICD).

Superiority of amino-modified chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles in delivering indometacin.

The present study established indometacin (IMC) delivery system with chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles (CMSNs) and amino-modified chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Amino-CMSNs) that previously reported as pharmaceutical excipients, and their systemic biological effects, mainly consisting of in vitro drug intestinal permeability, haemolysis assay, in vivo pharmacokinetics, anti-inflammation pharmacodynamics and gastric irritation, were addressed. It turned out that the two IMC delivery systems established by CMSN and Amino-CMSN significantly improved drug intestinal permeability due to the improved drug dissolution caused by conversion of drug crystalline state to amorphous phase. Further, IMC-loaded Amino-CMSN was the superior choice because of its higher dissolution rate.

Basic evaluation of typical nanoporous silica nanoparticles in being drug carrier: Structure, wettability and hemolysis.

Herein, the present work devoted to study the basic capacity of nanoporous silica nanoparticles in being drug carrier that covered structure, wettability and hemolysis so as to provide crucial evaluation. Typical nanoporous silica nanoparticles that consist of nanoporous silica nanoparticles (NSN), amino modified nanoporous silica nanoparticles (amino-NSN), carboxyl modified nanoporous silica nanoparticles (carboxyl-NSN) and hierachical nanoporous silica nanoparticles (hierachical-NSN) were studied. The results showed that their wettability and hemolysis were closely related to structure and surface modification.

Hypomethylation of Interleukin-6 Promoter is Associated with the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease.

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD), and IL-6 expression has associated with reduced DNA methylation of its gene promoter. However, there are no data on IL-6 promoter methylation and the risk of CHD.

Objective: To examine whether IL-6 promoter methylation measured in blood leukocyte DNA is associated with CHD risk.

Mutual interaction between guest drug molecules and host nanoporous silica xerogel studied using central composite design.

In the present study, three water-soluble drugs (propranolol hydrochloride, PNH; diltiazem hydrochloride, DZH; levofloxacin hydrochloride, LFH) with different number of hydrogen bonding acceptors were used as guest drug molecules, and three kinds of biomimetic synthesized nanoporous silica@poly(ethyleneimine)s xerogel (NS@P xerogel, 25%NS@P xerogel and 75%NS@P xerogel) were taken as host drug carriers. Mutural interaction formed between guest drug molecules and host drug carriers were investigated using a two-level three-factorial central composite design. The results confirmed that water-soluble drug loaded three nanoporous silica carriers presented the same regular controlled release effect, which was 75%NS@P xerogel>25%NS@P xerogel>NS@P xerogel.