Integration of covalent organic frameworks and molecularly imprinted polymers for selective extraction of flavonoid naringenin from grapefruit ( Macf.) peels.

Grapefruit ( Macf.) peel, a by-product of the citrus-processing industry, possesses an important economic value due to the richness of bioactive compounds. In this study, boron-linked covalent organic frameworks integrated with molecularly imprinted polymers (CMIPs) were developed via a facile one-pot bulk polymerization approach for the selective extraction of naringenin from grapefruit peel extract.

Overexpression of IFIT1 protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury via regulating CCL5-p65NF-κB signaling.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is featured by intensive inflammatory responses causing significant morbidity and mortality. Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (IFIT1), induced by interferon (IFN), has been discovered to modulate viral infection and cell apoptosis and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, it's role and mechanism in ALI remain unclear and need to be explored furtherly.

Algal polysaccharides and derivatives as potential therapeutics for obesity and related metabolic diseases.

The worldwide upward trend in obesity has been dramatic, but there is a lack of effective and safe drug treatment. Marine-derived algal polysaccharides, including fucoidan, alginate, polysaccharide of (PSP), ulvan, rhamnan sulfate (RS), laminarin, agar, and carrageenan, are widely used in combination with wound healing, drug delivery, and tissue-related biomedical research engineering. Recently, the prebiotic effects of algal polysaccharides and their related derivatives have received more and more attention.

Optimal Treatments for NSCLC Patients Harboring Primary or Acquired Amplification.

: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring mutations, MET-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been proven to achieve a good response. However, the relative efficacy of different therapeutics in primary NSCLC patients with amplification and the treatment options for patients harboring acquired amplification after the failure of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-TKIs remain unclear. In total, 33 patients harboring primary amplification and 9 patients harboring acquired alterations identified by next-generation sequencing were enrolled.

A Nanopore Sensing Assay Resolves Cascade Reactions in a Multienzyme System.

Enzymatic cascade reactions are widely used to synthesize complex molecules from simple precursors. The major underlying mechanism of cascade reactions is substrate channelling, where intermediates of different enzymatic steps are not in equilibrium with the bulk solution. Here, we report a nanopore sensing assay that allows accurate quantification of all the reaction intermediates and the product of an artificial three-enzyme system.

Research on Unsafe Behavior of Construction Workers Under the Bidirectional Effect of Formal Rule Awareness and Conformity Mentality.

At present, China's engineering safety management has developed to a certain level, but the number of casualties caused by construction accidents is still increasing in recent years, and the safety problems in the construction industry are still worrying. For purpose of effectively reducing construction workers' unsafe behavior and improve the efficiency of construction safety management, based on multi-agent modeling, this paper analyzes the influencing factors during construction workers' cognitive process from the perspective of safety cognition, constructs the interaction and cognition of the agent under the bidirectional effect of formal rule awareness and conformity mentality model, and set behavior rules and parameters through the Net Logo platform for simulation. The results show that: Unsafe behavior of construction workers is related to the failure of cognitive process, and the role of workers' psychology and consciousness will affect the cognitive process; The higher the level of conformity intention of construction workers, the easier it is to increase the unsafe behavior of the group; Formal rule awareness can play a greater role only when the management standard is at a high level, and can correct the workers' safety cognition and effectively correct the workers' unsafe behavior; Under certain construction site environmental risks, the interaction between formal rule awareness and conformity mentality in an appropriate range is conducive to the realization of construction project life cycle management.

High-fidelity biosensing of dNTPs and nucleic acids by controllable subnanometer channel PaMscS.

Current tools for dNTP analysis mainly rely on expensive fluorescent labeling, mass spectrometry or electrochemistry. Single-molecule assay by protein nanopores with an internal diameter of ca. 1-3.

A portable wireless intelligent electrochemical sensor based on layer-by-layer sandwiched nanohybrid for terbutaline in meat products.

The aim of this study is to develop a portable wireless intelligent nanosensor (PWIN) for rapid cost-effective on-site determination of terbutaline (TRA) residue in meat products outdoors in comparison with traditional nanosensor and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The layer-by-layer sandwiched nanohybrid fabricated by platinum-palladium nanoparticles, carboxylated graphene and graphene-like molybdenum disulfide displayed a wide linear range of 0.55-14.

Serum mBDNF and ProBDNF Expression Levels as Diagnosis Clue for Early Stage Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common chronic, progressive, and neurodegenerative diseases characterized clinically by resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. As this disease is usually detected in the later stages, the cure is often delayed, ultimately leading to disability due to the lack of early diagnostic techniques. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify reliable biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for the early diagnosis of PD.

A highly-sensitive and selective antibody-like sensor based on molecularly imprinted poly(L-arginine) on COOH-MWCNTs for electrochemical recognition and detection of deoxynivalenol.

A new strategy to mimic antibody for electrochemical recognition and detection of deoxynivalenol (DON) using a highly-sensitive and selective antibody-like sensor based on molecularly imprinted poly(l-arginine) (P-Arg-MIP) on carboxylic acid functionalized carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs) was proposed. l-arginine as functional monomer was screened to prepare imprinted electrode via its electro-polymerization in the presence of DON onto the surface of COOH-MWCNTs electrode coupled with theoretical calculation. Surface morphology, structural characteristics, and electrochemical properties of P-Arg-MIP/COOH-MWCNTs were characterized by SEM, EDS, FTIR, and CV, respectively.

Portable wireless intelligent sensing of ultra-trace phytoregulator α-naphthalene acetic acid using self-assembled phosphorene/TiC-MXene nanohybrid with high ambient stability on laser induced porous graphene as nanozyme flexible electrode.

The harm of pesticide residues to human health via environmental pollution in agriculture has recently become a significant livelihood issue. Herein, a new strategy for smart ultra-trace analysis of phytoregulator α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) residues in farmland environments and agro-products via machine learning (ML) using a nanozyme flexible electrode fabricated by two-dimensional phosphorene (BP) nanohybrid with graphene-like titanium carbide MXene (TiC-MXene) on the flexible substrate surface of laser-induced porous graphene (LIPG) is proposed. Highly ambient-stable BP nanohybrid with TiC-MXene is prepared by ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation in organic solvent containing grinding black phosphorus, cuprous chloride and, TiC-MXene that is obtained by selectively etching Al layers of TiAlC.

Probing Conformational Polymorphism of DNA Assemblies with Nanopores.

Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) can be designed to assemble into duplexes and other high-order structures through Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds. Incorporation of unnatural nucleobases or binding with small molecules can also introduce new interactions that give rise to novel DNA assemblies. However, the methods for determining the conformational properties of DNA assemblies are still very limited.

Measuring Enzymatic Activities with Nanopores.

Nanopores have become powerful and versatile tools for measuring single molecules since their emergence in the mid-1990s. They can be used to sense a wide variety of analytes including metal ions, small organic molecules, DNA/RNA, proteins, etc. to monitor chemical reactions, and to sequence DNA.

In-situ reduction of Ag on black phosphorene and its NH-MWCNT nanohybrid with high stability and dispersibility as nanozyme sensor for three ATP metabolites.

The environmental stability, water-processibility and life-span of black phosphorene (BP) severely limit the application of its electronic devices in aqueous system containing oxygen. We reported the controllable preparation of in-situ reduction and deposition of silver nanoparticles on the BP surface and its amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (NH-MWCNT) nanocomposite. With the addition of both NH-MWCNT and Ag, the BP-based nanocomposite was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation and was dispersed in carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) aqueous solution.

Electrochemical detection combined with machine learning for intelligent sensing of maleic hydrazide by using carboxylated PEDOT modified with copper nanoparticles.

A method for intelligent data analysis was designed by combining electrochemical sensing with machine learning (ML). Specifically, a voltammetric sensor is described for determination of the phytoinhibitor maleic hydrazide in crop samples. Carboxyl-functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT-C4-COOH) was electro-synthesized in aqueous micellar solution by direct anodic oxidation of its monomer.

Amplified Split Aptamer Sensor Delivered Using Block Copolymer Nanoparticles for Small Molecule Imaging in Living Cells.

We develop a novel amplified split aptamer sensor for highly sensitive detection and imaging of small molecules in living cells by using cationic block copolymer nanoparticles (BCNs) with entrapped fluorescent conjugated polymer as a delivery agent. The design of a split aptamer as the initiator of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) affords the possibility of enhancing the signal-to-background ratio and thus allows high-contrast imaging for small molecules with relatively weak interactions with their aptamers. The novel design of using fluorescent cationic BCNs as the nanocarrier enables efficient and self-tracking transfection of DNA probes.

Enhanced Sensitivity in Nanopore Sensing of Cancer Biomarkers in Human Blood via Click Chemistry.

Cancer biomarkers are expected to be indicative of the occurrence of certain cancer diseases before the tumors form and metastasize. However, many biomarkers can only be acquired in extremely low concentrations, which are often beyond the limit of detection (LOD) of current instruments and technologies. A practical strategy for nanopore sensing of cancer biomarkers in raw human blood down to the femtomolar level is developed here.

Multiplexed discrimination of microRNA single nucleotide variants through triplex molecular beacon sensors.

Herein, we develop a new nanopore sensing strategy for the selective detection of microRNAs and single nucleotide variants (SNVs) based on triplex molecular beacon sensors. This sensing system shows very high specificity in discriminating microRNA SNVs and can be applied for the simultaneous detection of several microRNAs of the same family in a mixture.

Rapid and selective DNA-based detection of melamine using α-hemolysin nanopores.

We have developed a rapid and selective approach for the detection of melamine based on simple DNA probes and α-hemolysin nanopores. The limit of detection can be as low as 10 pM.

Analyte-Triggered DNA-Probe Release from a Triplex Molecular Beacon for Nanopore Sensing.

A new nanopore sensing strategy based on triplex molecular beacon was developed for the detection of specific DNA or multivalent proteins. The sensor is composed of a triplex-forming molecular beacon and a stem-forming DNA component that is modified with a host-guest complex. Upon target DNA hybridizing with the molecular beacon loop or multivalent proteins binding to the recognition elements on the stem, the DNA probe is released and produces highly characteristic current signals when translocated through α-hemolysin.

Silver nanoclusters-catalyzed luminol chemiluminescence for hydrogen peroxide and uric acid detection.

In the present study, four kinds of bovine serum albumin (BSA) caped silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) were prepared using different amount of BSA as template, respectively. The diameters of the four prepared BSA-Ag NCs were all less than 4nm which were obtained using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). All of the BSA-Ag NCs showed catalytic activity in luminol-HO chemiluminescent (CL) reaction.

Ultrasensitive detection of microRNAs using catalytic hairpin assembly coupled with enzymatic repairing amplification.

A novel isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology is developed by coupling catalytic hairpin assembly with enzymatic repairing amplification as a highly sensitive and selective platform for miRNA detection.

Employment of bromophenol red and bovine serum albumin as luminol signal co-enhancer in chemiluminescent detection of sequence-specific DNA.

Bromophenol red, known as chemical indicator, was found to act as a novel potent signal enhancer of the peroxidase-catalyzed luminol-H2O2 chemiluminescent (CL) reaction. It was found interestingly that bovine serum albumin (BSA) played a role in the enhanced chemiluminescent reaction (ECR). The addition of 2.