Trajectories of Human Milk Gangliosides during the First Four Hundred Days and Maternal-to-Offspring Transfer of Gangliosides: Results from a Chinese Cohort Study.

Background: Gangliosides are crucial for early-life cognition and immunity development. However, limited data exist on gangliosides within the Chinese population, and maternal-to-fetal/infant ganglioside transport remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate gangliosides concentrations and trajectories in Chinese human milk during the first 400 d of lactation, and seek to understand gangliosides transmission between mother and offspring.

Carotenoids in maternal and cord blood, breast milk and their association with maternal dietary intake: a longitudinal study in Shanghai, China.

Carotenoids are important bioactive substances in breast milk, the profile of which is seldom studied. This study aimed to explore the profile of carotenoids in breast milk and maternal/cord plasma of healthy mother-neonate pairs in Shanghai, China, and their correlation with dietary intake. Maternal blood, umbilical cord blood and breast milk samples from five lactation stages (colostrum, transitional milk and early-, mid- and late-term mature milk) were collected.

Lactational and geographical variation in the concentration of six oligosaccharides in Chinese breast milk: a multicenter study over 13 months postpartum.

Introduction: Understanding the variations of oligosaccharide in breast milk contribute to better study how human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play a role in health-promoting benefits in infants.

Methods: Six abundant HMOs, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), Lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL), in breast milk collected at 0-5 days, 10-15 days, 40-45 days, 200-240 days, and 300-400 days postpartum from six locations across China were analyzed using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detector.

Results: The concentration of individual HMO fluctuated dynamically during lactational stages.

Longitudinal changes in choline concentration and associated factors in human breast milk.

Background: Human breast milk is the primary source of choline and choline-containing compounds for infants at early stages of life. Choline data across lactation in Chinese human milk were limited.

Objective: This study aimed to quantify the five choline compounds in Chinese human breast milk and explore associated factors.

Vitamins, Vegetables and Metal Elements Are Positively Associated with Breast Milk Oligosaccharide Composition among Mothers in Tianjin, China.

Background: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a group of breast milk carbohydrates exerting pivotal benefits for breastfed infants. Whether maternal diet is associated with breastmilk HMO composition has not been well-characterized.

Objectives: We investigated the associations between dietary nutrient intake and HMO concentrations in a general pregnant and postpartum population.

Profile of Folate in Breast Milk from Chinese Women over 1-400 Days Postpartum.

Folate is an essential nutrient for growth in early life. This study aimed to determine the levels and compositions of folate in Chinese breast milk samples. This study was part of the Maternal Nutrition and Infant Investigation (MUAI) study.

Effects of mono- and di-glycerides/phospholipids (MDG/PL) on the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients in a protein-based emulsion system.

Lipophilic nutrients are known to have relatively poor absorption, thus limiting their bioaccessibility. Consequently, researchers in food and pharmaceutical areas are exploring different techniques to promote the efficient delivery of lipophilic nutrients. The effects of two polar lipids, namely mono-, di-glycerides (MDG) and lecithin (PL), on the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients were investigated in this study with a protein-based emulsion model system.

Carotenoid Profile in Maternal/Cord Plasma and Changes in Breast Milk along Lactation and Its Association with Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in a Coastal City in Southern China.

In this study, changes of carotenoids in breast milk were observed longitudinally for up to one year. Our study aimed to analyze the profile of carotenoids in breast milk and maternal/cord plasma and its correlation with dietary intake in Guangzhou. Plasma and breast milk samples of five stages during lactation (i.

Lactational Changes of Phospholipids Content and Composition in Chinese Breast Milk.

Phospholipids are pivotal polar lipids in human milk and essential for infants' growth and development, especially in the brain and cognitive development. Its content and composition are affected by multiple factors and there exist discrepancies in different studies. In this study, we determined five major phospholipids classes (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin) in 2270 human milk samples collected from 0 to 400 days postpartum in six regions of China.

Profile of Nucleotides in Chinese Mature Breast Milk from Six Regions.

This study measured the total potentially available nucleoside (TPAN) content in breast milk from six different regions of China as a part of the Maternal Nutrition and Infant Investigation (MUAI) study. A total of 631 breast milk samples were collected from healthy, lactating women with singleton, full-term pregnancies between 40 and 45 days postpartum in Changchun, Chengdu, Lanzhou, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou. TPAN and free 5′-monophosphate nucleotide (5′-MNT) contents were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Properties of soybean protein isolate/curdlan based emulsion gel for fat analogue: Comparison with pork backfat.

To obtain an analogue of pork backfat (PBF), we combined emulsion and gel to fabricate emulsion gel, which was prepared by using soybean protein isolate (SPI) and curdlan (CL) through a facile heat-treatment method in this paper. The microstructures, rheology properties, water holding capacity and freeze-thawing stability of the emulsion gel were investigated. The results suggested that the SPI/CL-stabilized emulsion gel was thermal-irreversible, and SPI was the emulsifying agent of the emulsion gel.

[Contents and isomers distribution of vitamin E in human mature breast milk from six regions of China in 2018-2019].

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the contents and isomer composition of vitamin E in mature milk in different regions of China.

Methods: Simultaneously recruited 604 lactating mothers aged(29.58±3.

Six Oligosaccharides' Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum.

This study investigated the variation in oligosaccharide levels in the breast milk of south Chinese mothers in a prolonged breastfeeding period of up to 400 days postpartum. A total of 488 breast milk samples were collected from 335 healthy mothers at five different time points: 0-5 days, 10-15 days, 40-45 days, 200-240 days, and 300-400 days postpartum. A high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD) was used to quantify 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL).

Carotenoid profile in breast milk and maternal and cord plasma: a longitudinal study in Southwest China.

Carotenoids are increasingly being implicated to have an important role in brain and eye development. This study aimed to quantify the content and profile of carotenoids in human breast milk, maternal plasma and neonatal umbilical cord plasma in Chengdu, an urban area in Southwest China. In this study, fifty-four healthy mothers were enrolled.

Lactational changes of fatty acids and fat-soluble antioxidants in human milk from healthy Chinese mothers.

Human milk fat is specially tailored to supply the developing infant with adequate and balanced nutrients. The present study aimed to quantify the composition of fatty acids, tocopherols and carotenoids in human milk, with special emphasis on the lactational changes. Colostrum, transitional and mature milk samples were collected longitudinally from the same forty-two healthy, well-nourished Chinese mothers.

Fatty acid positional distribution (sn-2 fatty acids) and phospholipid composition in Chinese breast milk from colostrum to mature stage.

This study quantified the fatty acid profile with emphasis on the stereo-specifically numbered (sn) 2 positional distribution in TAG and the composition of main phospholipids at different lactation stages. Colostrum milk (n 70), transitional milk (n 96) and mature milk (n 82) were obtained longitudinally from healthy lactating women in Shanghai. During lactation, total fatty acid content increased, with SFA dominating in fatty acid profile.

Lactoferrin level in breast milk: a study of 248 samples from eight regions in China.

Lactoferrin plays an important role in infant gastrointestinal health and immunity responses. This study measured the change of the lactoferrin level in breast milk over the lactation time in Chinese women, and explored potential influencing factors in terms of various maternal factors. 248 lactating women were recruited from eight different regions across China, covering 330 days of lactation.

Aromatic monoterpenoid glycosides from the seeds of Paeonia ostii.

Phytochemical investigation into the seeds of Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J. X.

Chemical Composition Analysis, Sensory, and Feasibility Study of Tree Peony Seed.

Eight wild species in Sect. Moutan DC (tree peony) of the genus Paeonia grown in natural habitats and 1 cultivated specie were investigated to analyze their fatty acid and bioactive phenolic compound profiles. For fatty acid composition, P.

Interfacial engineering using mixed protein systems: emulsion-based delivery systems for encapsulation and stabilization of β-carotene.

Emulsion-based delivery systems are needed to encapsulate, protect, and deliver lipophilic bioactive components in the food, personal care, and pharmaceutical industries. The functional performance of these systems can be controlled by engineering the composition and structure of the interfacial layer coating the lipid droplets. In this study, interfacial properties were controlled using two globular proteins with widely differing isoelectric points: lactoferrin (LF: pI ≈ 8.

Potential biological fate of emulsion-based delivery systems: lipid particles nanolaminated with lactoferrin and β-lactoglobulin coatings.

Purpose: To develop lipid particles coated by nanolaminated protein coatings as potential oral delivery systems to encapsulate, protect, and deliver lipophilic bioactives.

Methods: Nanolaminated protein coatings were formed by sequential electrostatic deposition of cationic lactoferrin (LF) and anionic β-lactoglobulin (BLG) at pH 6.5: LF, LF-BLG, LF-BLG-LF, and LF-BLG-LF-BLG.

Fabrication of reduced fat products by controlled heteroaggregation of oppositely charged lipid droplets.

This study describes how the rheological properties of colloidal dispersions formed by heteroaggregation of oppositely charged protein-coated lipid droplets depend on total particle concentration. Mixed-particle emulsions were formed by mixing single-particle emulsions containing either β-lactoglobulin-coated lipid droplets (ζ≈-42 mV, d(43)≈ 0.35 μm) or lactoferrin (LF)-coated lipid droplets (ζ≈+26 mV, d(43)≈ 0.

Fabrication of viscous and paste-like materials by controlled heteroaggregation of oppositely charged lipid droplets.

This study describes the formation of materials with novel textural characteristics by controlled heteroaggregation of oppositely charged protein-coated lipid droplets. Heteroaggregation was induced by mixing a suspension of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg)-coated lipid droplets (ζ=-51 mV, d(43)∼0.35 μm, 20 wt.

Influence of electrostatic heteroaggregation of lipid droplets on their stability and digestibility under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.

There is emerging interest in the impact of food structure on lipid digestion and its relationship to human nutrition. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of heteroaggregation of lipid droplets on their potential biological fate using a simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT). At neutral pH, a highly viscous "mixed emulsion" was formed by mixing anionic β-lactogobulin (β-Lg) coated lipid droplets with cationic lactoferrin (LF) coated lipid droplets due to electrostatic attraction.

Modulation of emulsion rheology through electrostatic heteroaggregation of oppositely charged lipid droplets: influence of particle size and emulsifier content.

The influence of electrostatically-induced heteroaggregation of oppositely charged lipid droplets on the rheology and stability of emulsions has been studied. 20 wt.% oil-in-water emulsions (pH 6) containing oppositely charged droplets were fabricated by mixing cationic lactoferrin-coated lipid droplets with anionic β-lactoglobulin-coated lipid droplets.