Phospholipid Phosphatase 3 () Induces Oxidative Stress to Accelerate Ovarian Aging in Pigs.

Ovarian aging results in reproductive disorders and infertility in mammals. Previous studies have reported that the ferroptosis and autophagy caused by oxidative stress may lead to ovarian aging, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we compared the morphological characteristics between the aged and young ovaries of pigs and found that the aged ovaries were larger in size and showed more corpora lutea.

Knockdown of Induces to Promote Follicular Growth by Enhancing the Proliferation of Granulosa Cells in .

In female mammals, the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) have been shown to determine the fate of follicles. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and have been reported to be involved in the survival of GCs and follicular growth. However, the molecular mechanisms enabling DNMTs to regulate the expression of to participate in follicular growth are unclear.

-Mediated lncRNA Stimulatory Factor of Follicular Development to Inhibit the Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells and Regulate Sexual Maturity through miR-202-3p- Axis.

Abnormal sexual maturity exhibits significant detrimental effects on adult health outcomes, and previous studies have indicated that targeting histone acetylation might serve as a potential therapeutic approach to regulate sexual maturity. However, the mechanisms that account for it remain to be further elucidated. Using the mouse model, we showed that Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, downregulated the protein level of Hdac1 in ovaries to promote the apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs), and thus arrested follicular development and delayed sexual maturity.

Advances in Oocyte Maturation In Vivo and In Vitro in Mammals.

The quality and maturation of an oocyte not only play decisive roles in fertilization and embryo success, but also have long-term impacts on the later growth and development of the fetus. Female fertility declines with age, reflecting a decline in oocyte quantity. However, the meiosis of oocytes involves a complex and orderly regulatory process whose mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated.

DNMT1-mediated lncRNA IFFD controls the follicular development via targeting GLI1 by sponging miR-370.

DNA methylation and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exhibit an indispensable role in follicular development. However, the specific mechanisms regarding lncRNAs mediated by DNA methylation in follicular development remain unclearly. In this study, we found that inhibiting the expression of DNMT1 promoted granulosa cells (GCs) apoptosis to inhibit follicular development.

DNA methylation mediated RSPO2 to promote follicular development in mammals.

In female mammals, the proliferation, apoptosis, and estradiol-17β (E2) secretion of granulosa cells (GCs) have come to decide the fate of follicles. DNA methylation and RSPO2 gene of Wnt signaling pathway have been reported to involve in the survival of GCs and follicular development. However, the molecular mechanisms for how DNA methylation regulates the expression of RSPO2 and participates in the follicular development are not clear.

Ovary-derived circular RNAs profile analysis during the onset of puberty in gilts.

Background: In mammals, the ovary is the essential system of female reproduction for the onset of puberty, and the abnormal puberty has negative outcomes on health. CircRNA is a non-coding RNA produced by non-canonical alternative splicing (AS). Several studies have reported that circRNA is involved in the gene regulation and plays an important role in some human diseases.

The Association of an SNP in the Gene and Reproductive Traits Suggests Its Use as a Breeding Marker in Pigs.

In mammals, the exocyst complex component 4 () gene has often been reported to be involved in vesicle transport. The SNP rs81471943 (C/T) is located in the intron of porcine , while six quantitative trait loci (QTL) within 5-10 Mb around are associated with ovary weight, teat number, total offspring born alive, and corpus luteum number. However, the molecular mechanisms between and the reproductive performance of pigs remains to be elucidated.

MIR143 Inhibits Steroidogenesis and Induces Apoptosis Repressed by H3K27me3 in Granulosa Cells.

The granulosa cell growth factor and apoptotic factor are two factors to determine follicular apoptosis. Whether ssc-miR-143-3p (MIR143) plays as an apoptosis factor in porcine granulosa cells (pGCs) remain unclear. This study tries to investigate what function of MIR143 is and how MIR143 gets these functions in pGCs from 3 to 5 mm medium-sized follicles.

Activation of Steroidogenesis, Anti-Apoptotic Activity, and Proliferation in Porcine Granulosa Cells by Is Negatively Regulated by H3K27me3 Transcriptional Repression.

H3K27me3 is an epigenetic modification that results in the repression of gene transcription. The transcription factor RUNX1 (the runt-related transcription factor 1) influences granulosa cells' growth and ovulation. This research uses ELISA, flow cytometry, EDU, ChIP-PCR, WB and qPCR to investigate steroidogenesis, cell apoptosis, and the proliferation effect of in porcine granulosa cells (pGCs) as regulated by H3K27me3.

P65 Targets FGFR1 to Regulate the Survival of Ovarian Granulosa Cells.

In female mammals, the abnormal apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) impairs follicular development and causes reproductive dysfunction. Many studies have indicated that the gene of the PI3K signaling pathway and the p65 subunit of the transcription factor NF-κB may regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of GCs involved in follicular development. However, little is known about whether p65 regulates the transcription of , as well as the biological effects of and on the survival of GCs and follicular development.

Genome-Wide Association Study for Reproductive Traits in a Duroc Pig Population.

In the pig industry, reproductive traits constantly influence the production efficiency. To identify markers and candidate genes underlying porcine reproductive traits, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in a Duroc pig population. In total, 1067 pigs were genotyped using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips, and four reproductive traits, including litter size at birth (LSB), litter weight at birth (LWB), litter size at weaning (LSW), and litter weight at weaning (LWW), were examined.

MiR-126-3p inhibits apoptosis and promotes proliferation by targeting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 in porcine ovarian granulosa cells.

Objective: Numerous studies have indicated that the apoptosis and proliferation of granulosa cells (GCs) are closely related to the normal growth and development of follicles and ovaries. Previous evidence has suggested that miR-126-3p might get involved in the apoptosis and proliferation of GCs, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 (PIK3R2) gene has been predicted as one target of miR-126-3p. However, the molecular regulation of miR-126-3p on PIK3R2 and the effects of PIK3R2 on porcine GCs apoptosis and proliferation remain virtually unexplored.

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Hypothalamus During the Onset of Puberty in Gilts.

Although selection of the early age at puberty in gilts will make for a favorable effect on the reproductivity of sow, a large proportion of phenotypic variation in age at puberty of gilts cannot be explained by genetics. Previous studies have implicated hypothalamic DNA methylation in the onset of puberty in mammals. However, the underlying molecular mechanism regarding the regulation of the onset of puberty has remained largely unexplored in gilts.

Genome wide association study on feed conversion ratio using imputed sequence data in chickens.

Objective: Feed consumption contributes a large percentage for total production costs in the poultry industry. Detecting genes associated with feeding traits will be of benefit to improve our understanding of the molecular determinants for feed efficiency. The objective of this study was to identify candidate genes associated with feed conversion ratio (FCR) via genome-wide association study (GWAS) using sequence data imputed from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel in a Chinese indigenous chicken population.

Genome-wide association study on chicken carcass traits using sequence data imputed from SNP array.

Chicken carcass traits are economically important for the chicken industry. Detecting which genes affect chicken carcass traits is of great benefit to the genetic improvement of this important agricultural species. To investigate the genetic mechanism of carcass traits in chickens, we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Promotes Expression and Affects Cell Apoptosis and Proliferation in Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells.

Previous studies suggest that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta play an essential role in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) for mammalian follicular development. Several C/EBPβ putative binding sites were previously predicted on the promoter in mammals. However, the molecular regulation of on and their effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis remain virtually unexplored in GCs.