The dePARylase NUDT16 promotes radiation resistance of cancer cells by blocking SETD3 for degradation via reversing its ADP-ribosylation.

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a critical posttranslational modification that plays a vital role in maintaining genomic stability via a variety of molecular mechanisms, including activation of replication stress and the DNA damage response. The nudix hydrolase NUDT16 was recently identified as a phosphodiesterase that is responsible for removing ADP-ribose units and that plays an important role in DNA repair. However, the roles of NUDT16 in coordinating replication stress and cell cycle progression remain elusive.

SUMOylation of RNF146 results in Axin degradation and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aberrant SUMOylation contributes to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the molecular mechanisms have not been well elucidated. RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF146 is a key regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is frequently hyperactivated in HCC. Here, it is identified that RNF146 can be modified by SUMO3.

HMGB1 released from dead tumor cells after insufficient radiofrequency ablation promotes progression of HCC residual tumor via ERK1/2 pathway.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a first-line treatment for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the recurrence after RFA remains an urgent challenge. Current studies have shown that residual tumor after RFA is an important cause of recurrence.

Targeting PI3Kγ/AKT Pathway Remodels LC3-Associated Phagocytosis Induced Immunosuppression After Radiofrequency Ablation.

Residual tumors after insufficient radiofrequency ablation (IRFA) shows accelerated progression and anti-PD-1 resistance. It is also reported that macrophages infiltrating into residual tumors leads to anti-PD-1 resistance. Elements of autophagy have been detected to conjugate LC3 to be increasingly expressed in residual tumors.

Variability in the interpretation of grey-scale ultrasound features in assessing thyroid nodules: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the interobserver agreement of different thyroid imaging report and data system (TI-RADS) and ultrasound (US) features.

Methods: Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Embase and the Web of Science for relevant studies published between October 1972 and December 2018. Studies investigating interobserver agreement between different radiologists were included.