Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma with tonsil involvement: a case report.

Background: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) with tonsil involvement is not common, especially in children.

Case Presentation: A 13-year-old girl presented with an unexplained sore throat for more than 2 months, together with intermittent fever and suppurative tonsilitis. Nasopharyngoscopy revealed a pharyngeal mass.

Characteristics of upper respiratory tract rhinovirus in children with allergic rhinitis and its role in disease severity.

Unlabelled: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health challenge that particularly affects the quality of life of children. Human rhinovirus (HRV) infection usually causes common cold in the upper respiratory tract (URT) and can also affect airway allergy development, such as asthma exacerbation, but its relationship with AR is poorly understood. The study aimed to gain insight into the characteristics of HRV that is prevalent in AR children and its role in AR severity.

An unusually high prevalence of allergic rhinitis at high altitudes in 6-7 year old children - An epidemiological study.

Objectives: To compare the epidemiology and disease patterns of allergic rhinitis (AR) at 2 different altitudes in children aged 6-7 years, and subsequently to compare with and augment data from international studies.

Materials And Methods: This is a multistage, clustered and stratified random sample study. The study area comprises 2 distinct areas within Yunnan Province, China.

A Giant Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Case Report.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive (ALK+) large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a systemic lymphoma. The invasion of the head and neck bone and skin by ALK+ ALCL is relatively uncommon in children.

Methods: We describe a 13-year-old boy diagnosed with ALK+ ALCL.

Comprehensive characterization of pyroptosis phenotypes with distinct tumor immune profiles in gastric cancer to aid immunotherapy.

Objective: Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is essential for immunity. Herein, this study was conducted to uncover the implication of pyroptosis in immunomodulation and tumor microenvironment (TME) in gastric cancer.

Methods: Prognostic pyroptosis-related genes were extracted to identify different pyroptosis phenotypes and pyroptosis genomic phenotypes via unsupervised clustering analysis in the gastric cancer meta-cohort cohort (GSE15459, GSE62254, GSE84437, GSE26253 and TCGA-STAD).

[Analysis of related factors for postoperative recurrence of antrochoanal polyps in children].

To analyze the correlation between nasal resistance and lung function in children with allergic rhinitis（AR）, and explore whether AR children with increased nasal resistance are accompanied by potential lower respiratory tract involvement. A total of 88 children diagnosed with AR from December 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study group, while 20 normal children were selected as the control group during the same period. Both the study group and the control group children underwent lung function tests, bronchodilator tests, and nasal resistance measurements.

Genetic screening of a Chinese cohort of children with hearing loss using a next-generation sequencing panel.

Background: At present, the hereditary hearing loss homepage, ( https://hereditaryhearingloss.org/ ), includes 258 deafness genes and more than 500 genes that have been reported to cause deafness. With few exceptions, the region-specific distributions are unclear for many of the identified variants and genes.

A Novel Exosome-Relevant Molecular Classification Uncovers Distinct Immune Escape Mechanisms and Genomic Alterations in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous malignant carcinoma. This study aimed to conduct an exosome-based classification for assisting personalized therapy for GC. Based on the expression profiling of prognostic exosome-related genes, GC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were classified using the unsupervised consensus clustering approach, and the reproducibility of this classification was confirmed in the GSE84437 cohort.

Management of button batteries in the upper gastrointestinal tract of children: A case-series study.

Button batteries are the second most frequently-ingested foreign bodies and can lead to serious clinical complications within hours of ingestion. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of 14 children with button batteries lodged in the upper gastrointestinal tract.Totally 14 children with button batteries lodged in the upper gastrointestinal tract were included.

How Can We Do Better? Learning From 617 Pediatric Patients With Airway Foreign Bodies Over a 2-Year Period in an Asian Population.

Foreign body (FB) in the pediatric airway is a prevailing and crucial emergency with presenting symptoms often overlapping with other common pediatric conditions. There are limited number of large cohort studies in an Asian population which demonstrate the diversity of symptoms, investigations which will aid in obtaining the diagnosis, and management. Using this large cohort, we aim to evaluate the type and location, clinical presentations and outcomes of medical management related to pediatric airway FB in an Asian society.

Enhanced Efficacy of Dust Mite Sublingual Immunotherapy in Low-Response Allergic Rhinitis Patients after Dose Increment at 6 Months: A Prospective Study.

Background: Several studies have suggested that sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) involves a dose-response relationship and inadequate dosage might not achieve a favorable clinical effect.

Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of increasing SLIT dosage at 6 months in patients with house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) who had low response to treatment.

Methods: A total of 157 AR participants aged 4-60 years were enrolled and received SLIT with Dermatophagoides farinae drops.

A novel dominant mutation in the SOX10 gene in a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type II.

Waardenburg syndrome type 2 (WS2) is a rare genetic disorder, characterized by bright blue eyes, moderate to profound hearing loss and pigmental abnormalities of the hair and skin. Between 10 and 20 mutations in the SRY‑box 10 (SOX10) gene were previously identified to be associated with WS2. The present study aimed to identify the genetic causes of WS2 in a Chinese family.

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of cervical macrocystic lymphatic malformations in infants.

The treatment of lymphatic malformations (LMs) represents a great clinical challenge. The present study reported on the treatment of 68 infants with cervical macrocystic LMs using surgical resection. The cases were retrospectively analyzed.

Core‑shell lipid polymer nanoparticles for combined chemo and gene therapy of childhood head and neck cancers.

Pediatric head and neck cancers account for overall 12% of all pediatric cancers. Despite recent advances in therapeutic modalities, children with tumor metastasis have poor prognosis. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new and effective treatment modalities for pediatric head and neck cancers.

Proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole inhibits the proliferation, self‑renewal and chemoresistance of gastric cancer stem cells via the EMT/β‑catenin pathways.

The cancer stem cell (CSC) model suggests that a small subset of cancer cells possess stem cell properties and plays a crucial role in tumor initiation, metastasis and resistance to anticancer therapy. Exploration of the specific therapies targeting at CSCs has been a crucial issue in antitumor research. Gastric cancer (GC) cells often exist in an ischemic microenvironment with acidic conditions in vivo, thus maintenance of cellular pH homeostasis is important for the survival and function of GC cells.

Waardenburg syndrome type II in a Chinese patient caused by a novel nonsense mutation in the SOX10 gene.

Objective: Waardenburg syndrome is a congenital genetic disorder. It is the most common type of syndromic hearing impairment with highly genetic heterogeneity and proved to be related by 6 genes as follows: PAX3, MITF, SNAI2, EDN3, EDNRB and SOX10. This article aims to identify the genetic causes of a Chinese WS child patient.

[Diagnosis and surgical resection of faciocervical lipomas in children].

Objective: To discuss the clinical characteristics, imaging findings, surgical treatment and effectiveness of faciocervical lipomas in children.

Method: Twenty children with lipomas who were performed surgical resection under the tracheal intubation anesthesia, of which 3 cases located in face and 17 cases located in neck were retrospectively analyzed. Computed tomography (CT) was used in 8 cases and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 6 cases for differential diagnosis.

[Radiological research of maxillary sinus development of children and adolescent without sinusitis in Kunming of Yunnan].

Objective: To investigate the maxillary sinus development and provide data for sinus surgery on children.

Method: Two thousand two hundred and thirty-eight children were randomly selected among those who underwent skull and nasal sinus CT scanning because of certain symptoms and signs. Patients were divided into eighteen age cohorts based on their age at the time of the scan.