Word Order Variation is Partially Constrained by Syntactic Complexity.

Previous work suggests that when speakers linearize syntactic structures, they place longer and more complex dependents further away from the head word to which they belong than shorter and simpler dependents, and that they do so with increasing rigidity the longer expressions get, for example, longer objects tend to be placed further away from their verb, and with less variation. Current theories of sentence processing furthermore make competing predictions on whether longer expressions are preferentially placed as early or as late as possible. Here we test these predictions using hierarchical distributional regression models that allow estimates of word order and word order variation at the level of individual dependencies in corpora from 71 languages, while controlling for confounding effects from the type of dependency (e.

Removal of COD and colour in real pharmaceutical wastewater by photoelectrocatalytic oxidation method.

In this study, TiO2/Ni photo-anode and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWCNTs) air cathode were prepared by the dip-coating method, and the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of real pharmaceutical wastewater was investigated in the self-made reactor. The combination of the TiO2/Ni electrode and MWCNTs air cathode was adopted to treat the pharmaceutical wastewater by the process of photoelectrocatalysis. Various operational parameters to achieve optimum efficiency of this photoelectrocatalytic degradation system are presented, such as applied bias voltage, NaCl concentration, pH and different degradation methods.

Fluorescent organic nanoparticles self-assembled from hexa[p-(carbonyl glycin methyl ester) phenoxy] cyclotriphosphazene in solution.

Novel organic nanoparticles self-assembled from the hexa[p-(carbonyl glycin methyl ester) phenoxy] cyclotriphosphazene (HGPCP) were prepared by a simple solution method. The as-prepared nanoparticles were extensively characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, TGA, and fluorescence spectrum. The size of nanoparticles was increased with increasing the HGPCP concentration in solution.

Quantum mechanical effect in protein-ligand interaction.

Importance Of The Field: The development of quantum mechanics (QM) was perhaps the greatest intellectual achievement of the 20th century. Recently, QM-based methods have come to attention with the applications of studying QM effects in protein-ligand interactions. The QM-based methods give molecular-level insights into protein-ligand interactions and these can play a major role in the elucidation of the structure or reactivity of a biomolecular system.

Effect of the complexant shape on the large first hyperpolarizability of alkalides Li+(NH3)4M-.

The effect of complexant shape effect on the first hyperpolarizability beta(0) of alkalides Li(+)(NH(3))(4)M(-) (M=Li, Na, K) was explored. At the MP2/6-311++G level, Li(+)(NH(3))(4)M(-) (M=Li, Na, K) have considerable beta(0) values due to excess electrons from chemical doping and charge transfer. By comparison with the alkalides Li(+)(calix[4]pyrrole)M(-), a complexant shape effect in Li(+)(NH(3))(4)M(-) is detected.

What is the role of the complexant in the large first hyperpolarizability of sodide systems Li(NH3)(n)Na (n = 1-4)?

To explore the coordination number (around the cation) dependence of the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties in alkalides, this paper studies the structures and large NLO responses of model alkalides, Li(NH3)(n)Na (n = 1-4). At the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level, the structural characteristic is determined to be that the Li-Na distance increases (from 3.030 to 4.

Characteristics of antiaromatic ring pi multi-hydrogen bonds in (H2O)n-C4H4 (n = 1, 2) complexes.

By counterpoise-corrected optimization method, the six antiaromatic ring pi multi-hydrogen bond structures with diversiform shapes for (H2O)n-C4H4 (n = 1,2) have been obtained at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level. At the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVDZ level, the interaction energy obtained mainly depends on the numbers of H2O and fold numbers of the pi multi-hydrogen bond. The interaction energy order is -2.