Anatomy of Hidden Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interactions and Topological Spin Textures in Centrosymmetric Crystals.

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is understood to be forbidden by the symmetry of centrosymmetric systems, thus restricting the candidate types for investigating many correlated physical phenomena. Here, we report the hidden DMI existing in centrosymmetric magnets driven by the local inversion symmetry breaking of specific spin sublattices. The opposite DMI spatially localized on the inverse spin sublattice favors the separated spin spiral with opposite chirality.

Large and tunable magnetoresistance in van der Waals ferromagnet/semiconductor junctions.

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with conventional bulk ferromagnets separated by a nonmagnetic insulating layer are key building blocks in spintronics for magnetic sensors and memory. A radically different approach of using atomically-thin van der Waals (vdW) materials in MTJs is expected to boost their figure of merit, the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), while relaxing the lattice-matching requirements from the epitaxial growth and supporting high-quality integration of dissimilar materials with atomically-sharp interfaces. We report TMR up to 192% at 10 K in all-vdW FeGeTe/GaSe/FeGeTe MTJs.

AoMedA has a complex regulatory relationship with AoBrlA, AoAbaA, and AoWetA in conidiation, trap formation, and secondary metabolism in the nematode-trapping fungus .

The asexual sporulation of filamentous fungi is an important mechanism for their reproduction, survival, and pathogenicity. In and several filamentous fungi, BrlA, AbaA, and WetA are the key elements of a central regulatory pathway controlling conidiation, and MedA is a developmental modifier that regulates temporal expression of central regulatory genes; however, their roles are largely unknown in nematode-trapping (NT) fungi. is a representative NT fungus, which can capture nematodes by producing adhesive networks (traps).

Neural basis of the attention bias during addiction stroop task in methamphetamine-dependent patients with and without a history of psychosis: an ERP study.

Background: Attentional bias plays an important role in sustaining various types of drug addiction. No prior studies examined methamphetamine (MA)-associated psychosis (MAP) relationships between ERP time course and performance on an addiction Stroop task in MA abusers. The aim of the present study was to determine whether MA abusers with (MAP+) or without (MAP-) psychosis exhibit alterations of the ERP during the addiction Stroop task.

Characteristics of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging of alcohol-dependent patients with depression.

The high comorbidity of alcohol use disorder and depressive disorder is associated with poor patient prognosis. The mechanisms underlying this comorbidity, however, are largely unknown. By applying the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations parameter in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, this study investigated changes in the brain functioning of alcohol-dependent patients with and without depression.

Peroxin Pex14/17 Is Required for Trap Formation, and Plays Pleiotropic Roles in Mycelial Development, Stress Response, and Secondary Metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora.

The peroxins encoded by genes involved in peroxisome biogenesis play a crucial role in cellular metabolism and pathogenicity in fungi. Herein, we characterized a filamentous fungus-specific peroxin Pex14/17 in the Arthrobotrys oligospora, a representative species of nematode-trapping fungi. The deletion of resulted in a remarkable reduction in mycelial growth, conidia yield, trap formation, and pathogenicity.

SNARE Protein AoSec22 Orchestrates Mycelial Growth, Vacuole Assembly, Trap Formation, Stress Response, and Secondary Metabolism in .

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) facilitate intracellular vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion in eukaryotes and play a vital role in fungal growth, development, and pathogenicity. However, the functions of SNAREs are still largely unknown in nematode-trapping fungi. is a representative species of nematode-trapping fungi that can produce adhesive networks (traps) for nematode predation.

Anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction and Topological Magnetism in Two-Dimensional Magnets Protected by 4̅2 Crystal Symmetry.

As a fundamental magnetic parameter, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), has gained a great deal of attention in the last two decades due to its critical role in formation of magnetic skyrmions. Recent discoveries of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnets has also gained a great deal of attention due to appealing physical properties, such as gate tunability, flexibility, and miniaturization. Intensive studies have shown that isotropic DMI stabilizes ferromagnetic (FM) topological spin textures in 2D magnets or their corresponding heterostructures.

and Regulate Autophagy and Play Different Roles in Conidiation, Trap Formation, and Pathogenicity in the Nematode-Trapping Fungus .

Autophagy is a conserved cellular recycling and trafficking pathway in eukaryotes that plays an important role in cell growth, development, and pathogenicity. Atg1 and Atg13 form the Atg1-Atg13 complex, which is essential for autophagy in yeast. Here, we characterized the roles of the and genes encoding these autophagy-related proteins in the nematode-trapping fungus .

Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of ST11-K64 Extensively Drug-Resistant Infections Outbreak in Intensive Care and Neurosurgery Units Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing.

(Kp) is the primary causative bacteria for nosocomial infections and hospital outbreaks. In particular, extensively drug-resistant (XDRKp) causes severe clinical infections in hospitalized patients. Here, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), drug susceptibility tests, and the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technology to examine genetic relatedness and phenotypic traits of the strains isolated during an outbreak period.

and Are Necessary to Maintain Cell Wall Integrity, Vegetative Growth, Conidiation, Stress Resistance, and Pathogenicity in the Nematode-Trapping Fungus .

The cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway is composed of three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Bck1, Mkk1/2, and Slt2, and is one of the main signaling pathways for fungal pathogenesis, cell wall synthesis, and integrity maintenance. In this study, we characterized orthologs of and in the nematode-trapping (NT) fungus by multiple phenotypic comparison, and the regulation of conidiation and cell wall synthesis was analyzed using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Both Δ and Δ mutants showed severe defects in vegetative growth, cell nucleus number, and stress resistance.

Reducing Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and field-free spin-orbit torque switching in synthetic antiferromagnets.

Perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnets (SAF), possessing low net magnetization and high thermal stability as well as easy reading and writing characteristics, have been intensively explored to replace the ferromagnetic free layers of magnetic tunnel junctions as the kernel of spintronic devices. So far, utilizing spin-orbit torque (SOT) to realize deterministic switching of perpendicular SAF have been reported while a large external magnetic field is typically needed to break the symmetry, making it impractical for applications. Here, combining theoretic analysis and experimental results, we report that the effective modulation of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction by the interfacial crystallinity between ferromagnets and adjacent heavy metals plays an important role in domain wall configurations.

AoATG5 plays pleiotropic roles in vegetative growth, cell nucleus development, conidiation, and virulence in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora.

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in eukaryotes, which is regulated by autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Arthrobotrys oligospora is a representative species of nematode-trapping (NT) fungi that can produce special traps for nematode predation. To elucidate the biological roles of autophagy in NT fungi, we characterized an orthologous Atg protein, AoAtg5, in A.

[Endoscopic low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation with acellular dermal matrix patch for chronic abdominal wall sinus].

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of endoscopic low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation with acellular dermal matrix patch for chronic abdominal wall sinus by comparing with the traditional surgical method.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 53 cases of chronic abdominal wall sinus between January 2006 and May 2012. Of 53 patients, 18 underwent endoscopic low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation with acellular dermal matrix patch (trial group), and 35 underwent traditional surgical treatment (control group).

[Effectiveness analysis of laparoscopic repair of parastomal hernia using CK Parastomal patch].

Objective: To summarize the surgical technique and the effectiveness of CK Parastomal patch in laparoscopic repair of parastomal hernia.

Methods: The clinical data were retrospectively analysed from 24 patients who received laparoscopic repair of parastomal hernia using CK Parastomal patch between June 2006 and March 2010. There were 15 males and 9 females with a median age of 55 years (range, 47-80 years).

[Preventive effect of polypropylene mesh bonded norvancomycin slow-release microsphere on Staphylococcus aureus infection of incisional hernia repair model].

Objective: Mesh infection may occur after incisional hernia repair using prosthetic mesh. Preparation of antibiotics-bonded meshes to prevent infection is one of the solutions. To evaluate the anti-infection effect of polypropylene mesh bonded norvancomycin slow-release microsphere by preparing the rat model of incisional hernia repair contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus.

[Use of allogenic acellular dermal matrix in abdominal wall hernia and defect repair in 31 cases].

Objective: To summarize the clinical effect of allogenic acellular dermal matrix in repair of abdominal wall hernia and defect.

Methods: The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively from 31 patients with abdominal wall hernia and defect repaired by allogenic acellular dermal matrix between March 2007 and November 2009. There were 19 males and 12 females with an age range of 10-70 years (median, 42 years), including 6 abdominal wall defects caused by abdominal wall tumor resection, 4 patches infection after abdominal wall hernia repair using prosthetic mesh, 2 incisional hernia, 1 parastomal hernia, 1 recurrent parastomal hernia receiving mesh repair, 1 mesh infection caused by parastomal hernia repair using prosthetic patch, 3 mesh infection caused by tension free inguinal after hernia repair, and 13 inguinal hernia.

[In situ repair of parastomal hernia with Sublay methods in 34 cases].

Objective: To summarize the therapeutic method and effectiveness of parastomal hernia repair in situ with sublay methods.

Methods: Between February 2003 and May 2009, 34 patients with parastomal hernia were treated with Sublay methods using primary midline incision approach and polypropylene patch. There were 23 males and 11 females with an average age of 58.

Adsorption-desorption characteristics of cadmium in variable charge soils.

Cadmium (Cd) has received considerable attention because of its association with various human health problems. The behavior of adsorption-desorption of Cd at contaminated levels in two variable charge soils were investigated. The red soil (RAR) developed on the Arenaceous rock (clayey, mixed siliceous thermic typic Dystrochrept) adsorbed more Cd2+ than the red soil (REQ) derived from the Quaternary red earths (clayey, kaolinitic thermic plinthite Aquult).