Defining the features and structure of neutralizing antibody targeting the silent face of the SARS-CoV-2 spike N-terminal domain.

Research on virus/receptor interactions has uncovered various mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, understanding of neutralization by antibodies targeting the silent face, which recognize epitopes on glycan shields, remains limited, and their potential protective efficacy in vivo is not well understood. This study describes a silent face neutralizing antibody, 3711, which targets a non-supersite on the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein.

Role of the cAMP-PKA-NF-κB pathway in Mucin1 over-expression in A549 cells during Respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children worldwide. RSV commonly presents as bronchiolitis in young children; however, it can sometimes progress to pneumonia, respiratory failure, apnoea and even death. Although mucin1 (MUC1), a type of transmembrane glycoprotein present on airway epithelial surfaces, plays a crucial anti-inflammatory role in airway infections; however, its roles in RSV-associated acute lower respiratory tract infections have rarely been explored.

Successful clearance of persistent SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infection following a single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine.

Persistent asymptomatic (PA) SARS-CoV-2 infections have been identified. The immune responses in these patients are unclear, and the development of effective treatments for these patients is needed. Here, we report a cohort of 23 PA cases carrying viral RNA for up to 191 days.

Case report: A case of mutations causing pendred syndrome and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.

The gene encodes the transmembrane protein pendrin, which is involved in the ion transport of chloride (Cl), iodide (I) or bicarbonate (HCO3). Mutations in the gene alter the structure and (or) function of pendrin, which are closely related to Pendred syndrome. What's more, researchers have demonstrated in vitro that mutations of cause acidification of airway surface fluid (ASL), reduce airway defense, and increase the thickness of ASL.

Mouse models susceptible to HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 and cross protection from challenge with SARS-CoV-2.

Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and NL63 (HCoV-NL63) are endemic causes of upper respiratory infections such as the "common cold" but may occasionally cause severe lower respiratory tract disease in the elderly and immunocompromised patients. There are no approved antiviral drugs or vaccines for these common cold coronaviruses (CCCoV). The recent emergence of COVID-19 and the possible cross-reactive antibody and T cell responses between these CCCoV and SARS-CoV-2 emphasize the need to develop experimental animal models for CCCoV.

The N-Terminal Region of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Accessory Protein 8b Is Essential for Enhanced Virulence of an Attenuated Murine Coronavirus.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a beta coronavirus that emerged in 2012, causing severe pneumonia and renal failure. MERS-CoV encodes five accessory proteins. Some of them have been shown to interfere with host antiviral immune response.

Potent prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of recombinant human ACE2-Fc against SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo.

The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses a serious public health threat. Effective therapeutic and prophylactic treatments are urgently needed. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2, which binds to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Peripheral immune profile of children with Talaromyces marneffei infections: a retrospective analysis of 21 cases.

Background: Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is an opportunistic pathogen that infects immunodeficient children. The aim of the study is to determine the clinical features and peripheral immune state of Talaromyces marneffei (T.

MiR-320a-3p/ELF3 axis regulates cell metastasis and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer via PI3K/Akt pathway.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-320a-3p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expressions of miR-320a-3p were firstly determined in 80 NSCLC patients' cancer tissues and adjacent normal lung tissues by qRT-PCR.

Scrub typhus associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A report of six pediatric patients.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening immune disorder that may be inherited or secondary to infection, malignancy or rheumatological disease. The aim of the present study was to highlight the clinical features of scrub typhus-associated HLH in children. A retrospective study was performed on 6 pediatric patients with scrub typhus-associated HLH.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a retrospective study of 78 pediatric cases in mainland of China.

Background: The clinical characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) are largely unreported in the pediatric patients in mainland of China. The main aim of this study was to recognize the clinical features of EBV-HLH in children and to explore its prognosis and risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 78 pediatric patients with EBV-HLH who were admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital between 2003 and 2008.

Characterization of variants in the promoter of BZLF1 gene of EBV in nonmalignant EBV-associated diseases in Chinese children.

Background: Diseases associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections, such as infectious mononucleosis (IM), EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) are not rare in Chinese children. The association of type 1 or type 2 EBV and variants of the EBV BZLF1 promoter zone (Zp) with these diseases is unclear.

Results: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between EBV genotypes (Zp variants and EBV type 1 and 2) and the clinical phenotypes of EBV-associated diseases in Chinese children.

[Clinical analysis and follow-up study of Epstein-Barr virus associated-hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in childhood].

Objective: To identify the clinical characteristics of and to explore the prognostic factors influencing mortality in children with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH).

Method: A retrospective study was conducted on 62 pediatric patients with EBV-HLH who were admitted to our hospital between 2003 and 2008. All their medical records were reviewed and analyzed.

Mutations in the perforin gene in children with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Background: Recent studies have reported germline mutations in the perforin gene (PRF1) in some types of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, the prevalence of PRF1 mutations in HLH in Chinese pediatric patients has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mutations and sequence variations in the PRF1 gene in Chinese pediatric patients with HLH.

Clinical analysis and follow-up study of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection in 53 pediatric cases.

Background: Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) has been previously reported to be sometimes associated with an aggressive clinical course. The characteristics of CAEBV in Mainland Chinese pediatric patients are largely unreported. The main aims of this survey were to recognize the clinical features of CAEBV in children and to explore its diagnostic criteria and risk factors.