[Preparation and Characterization of Clopidogrel Bisulfate Liposomes].

Objective: To prepare encapsulated clopidogrel bisulfate (CLP) liposomes so as to deal with the poor water solubility of CLP, and to provide the experimental basis for the development of CLP formulations for intravascular injection.

Methods: CLP-loaded liposomes were prepared using thin film hydration/sonication method and pH gradient active drug loading technology. Then, the morphology, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading capacity, Zeta potentials and release behavior were characterized.

Engineered PLGA microspheres for extended release of brexpiprazole: and studies.

Objective: To develop poly(d,l-lactide--glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres to achieve controlled and sustained release of brexpiprazole .

Methods: Brexpiprazole microspheres were prepared by oil-in-water emulsion-solvent evaporation method and evaluated for morphology, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, conformation and compatibility of drug and polymer, release, and pharmacokinetics. By establishing the relationship between and release, it helps identify the appropriate release conditions to explore release profiles of brexpiprazole microspheres.

Correction: A fast-dissolving microneedle array loaded with chitosan nanoparticles to evoke systemic immune responses in mice.

Correction for 'A fast-dissolving microneedle array loaded with chitosan nanoparticles to evoke systemic immune responses in mice' by Zhilin Li et al., J. Mater.

A fast-dissolving microneedle array loaded with chitosan nanoparticles to evoke systemic immune responses in mice.

Microneedle (MN) arrays offer an alternative approach to hypodermic injection via syringe needles. In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-based fast dissolving MN arrays were developed in which the needle tips were loaded with chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) for coencapsulation of a model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), and an adjuvant, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG). After insertion into the skin, these MN arrays fully dissolved within 3 min to release antigen and adjuvant co-loaded NPs rapidly in the epidermal layer.

Adjunctive therapy with statins reduces residual albuminuria/proteinuria and provides further renoprotection by downregulating the angiotensin II-AT1 pathway in hypertensive nephropathy.

Objectives: Blockade of the renin-angiotensin II (Ang II) system by AT1 blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors retards the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by reducing albuminuria/proteinuria. However, many patients with CKD suffer from residual albuminuria/proteinuria, which is an independent risk factor for CKD progression. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of pitavastatin, one of the adjunctive agents to ARBs, on the reduction of albuminuria/proteinuria and further renoprotection mediated by telmisartan in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Study on biopharmaceutics classification and oral bioavailability of a novel multikinase inhibitor NCE for cancer therapy.

Specific biopharmaceutics classification investigation and study on phamacokinetic profile of a novel drug candidate (2-methylcarbamoyl-4-{4-[3- (trifluoromethyl) benzamido] phenoxy} pyridinium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate monohydrate, NCE) were carried out. Equilibrium solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of NCE were estimated in different phosphate buffers. Effective intestinal permeability (P(eff)) of NCE was determined using single-pass intestinal perfusion technique in rat duodenum, jejunum and ileum at three concentrations.

Self-assembled methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-cholesterol micelles for hydrophobic drug delivery.

To promote the application of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-cholesterol (mPEG-Chol), mPEG-Chol was used to prepare core-shell micelles encapsulating poorly water-soluble docetaxel (DTX-PM) by modified cosolvent evaporation method. Approaches to enhance DTX entrapment efficiency (EE) and minimize particle size were investigated in detail, including organic and aqueous phase composition, organic/aqueous phase ratio, and polymer concentration. In optimal formulation, micelles had higher EE (97.

[Influence of solid dispersion technique combination on dissolution of tanshinone IIA].

Objective: To compare the influence on the dissolution of tanshinone IIA (TS IIA) solid dispersions in complex carriers and single, which used in preparation of TS IIA solid dispersions, and further enhance the dissolution of TS IIA.

Method: The TS IIA solid dispersions were prepared by solvent technique with polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVPK30), poloxamer188 (F68) and combination of PVPK30 and F68 as carriers, respectively. The physical characteristics of TS IIA solid dispersions was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Sustained-release tablets of indomethacin-loaded microcapsules: preparation, in vitro and in vivo characterization.

Indomethacin (IDM) was encapsulated in gelatin-cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) microcapsules (A) by complex coacervation method and in CAP microcapsules (B) by simple coacervation method. Microcapsules A and B, having mean diameters of 38.24 and 35.

[Study on degradation kinetics or potassium dehydroandrographolidi succinas].

Objective: To investigate the hydrolytic degradation of the kinetic characteristics of Potassium Dehydroandrographolidi Succinas (DAS-K) in aqueous solution.

Methods: The HPLC method was used to determine the degradation kinetic parameters of DAS-K aqueous solution at different initial concentration, different pH, different ionic strength. various temperatures and in different buffer solutions.