pH-Responsive Deacetylated Sphingan WL Gum-Based Microgels for the Oral Delivery of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride.

Sphingan WL gum (WL) is an extracellular polysaccharide with a carboxyl group produced by sp. WG. Recently, we have successfully obtained deacetylated WL (DWL) with good water solubility by alkaline treatment.

Impact of Chromosomal Fusion and Transposable Elements on the Genomic Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Species.

The genus belongs to the sole family and is the single genus within the order Aquifoliales, exhibiting significant phenotypic diversity. However, the genetic differences underlying these phenotypic variations have rarely been studied. In this study, collinearity analyses of three genomes, Thunb.

Medication burden and anticholinergic use are associated with overt HE in individuals with cirrhosis.

Background: Polypharmacy and anticholinergic medications are associated with cognitive decline in elderly populations. Although several medications have been associated with HE, associations between medication burden, anticholinergics, and HE have not been explored. We examined medication burden and anticholinergics in patients with cirrhosis and their associations with HE-related hospitalization.

Adaptive phase I-II clinical trial designs identifying optimal biological doses for targeted agents and immunotherapies.

Targeted agents and immunotherapies have revolutionized cancer treatment, offering promising options for various cancer types. Unlike traditional therapies the principle of "more is better" is not always applicable to these new therapies due to their unique biomedical mechanisms. As a result, various phase I-II clinical trial designs have been proposed to identify the optimal biological dose that maximizes the therapeutic effect of targeted therapies and immunotherapies by jointly monitoring both efficacy and toxicity outcomes.

Impact of penicillin allergy labels among pneumonia admissions at an academic children's center.

Pneumonia is the most common reason for pediatric hospitalizations. The impact of penicillin allergy labels among children with pneumonia has not been well studied. This study assessed the prevalence and impact of penicillin allergy labels among children admitted with pneumonia over a 3-year period at a large academic children's center.

Modified isotonic regression based phase I/II clinical trial design identifying optimal biological dose.

Conventional phase I/II clinical trial designs often use complicated parametric models to characterize the dose-response relationships and conduct the trials. However, the parametric models are hard to justify in practice, and the misspecification of parametric models can lead to substantially undesirable performances in phase I/II trials. Moreover, it is difficult for the physicians conducting phase I/II trials to clinically interpret the parameters of these complicated models, and such significant learning costs impede the translation of novel statistical designs into practical trial implementation.

Study on Preparation and Properties of Glass Fibre Fabric Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulphide Composites.

In this paper, glass fiber fabric reinforced polyphenylene sulfide composites were prepared by hot pressing. The effects of glass fibre modification and hot pressing temperature on the properties of the composites were investigated using a scanning electron microscope, infrared spectrometer, universal testing machine, and DIGEYE digital imaging colour measurement system. The results show that after the treatment with a silane coupling agent, the silane coupling agent was more uniformly distributed on the surface of the glass fibres, and the bonding effect between the glass fibre fabric and polyphenylene sulphide was significantly improved.

Insights into the effects of different drying methods on protein oxidation and degradation characteristics of golden pompano ().

The quality of dried fish products differs based on the drying method employed owing to the different drying principles, with changes in protein affecting the quality of these products. Therefore, we investigated the differences in golden pompano () fish tissue structure and protein physicochemical properties under different drying methods. Freeze drying (FD) induced less tissue damage, leaving more intact myofibrils, than that of hot air drying (HAD) and heat pump drying (HPD).

Elucidating the mechanism underlying volatile and non-volatile compound development related to microbial amino acid metabolism during golden pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) fermentation.

Golden pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) is an important farmed fish in Asia, often consumed following salting and natural microbial fermentation. Flavor development in fermented foods depends on the metabolism of fermenting microbes, especially amino acid metabolism. However, the microbes involved in golden pomfret fermentation and the mechanism by which they regulate flavor development are largely unknown.

Impact of Skin Biopsy and Clinical-Pathologic Correlation in Dermatology Inpatient Consults.

Background While studies of hospital dermatology have demonstrated diagnostic discordance between primary teams and dermatology consultants, little is known about the impact of biopsy and clinical-pathologic correlation (CPC) in consultation. This study compares biopsy performance based on diagnostic discordance and evaluates the impact of CPC on the diagnosis. Methods This was a retrospective review of 376 dermatologic consultations at a single academic medical center between July 1, 2017, and June 27, 2018.

Refining colorectal cancer classification and clinical stratification through a single-cell atlas.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) have different immunological, stromal cell, and clinicopathological characteristics. Single-cell characterization of CMS subtype tumor microenvironments is required to elucidate mechanisms of tumor and stroma cell contributions to pathogenesis which may advance subtype-specific therapeutic development. We interrogate racially diverse human CRC samples and analyze multiple independent external cohorts for a total of 487,829 single cells enabling high-resolution depiction of the cellular diversity and heterogeneity within the tumor and microenvironmental cells.

Relationships between reproductive hormones and maternal pregnancy physiology in women conceiving with or without in vitro fertilization.

We evaluated maternal pregnancy adaptations and their relationships with circulating hormones in women who conceived with or without in vitro fertilization (IVF). Pregnancies were grouped by corpus luteum (CL) number: 1 CL with physiological plasma relaxin concentration (P; spontaneous pregnancies); 0 CL without circulating RLN (programmed cycles); >1 CL with elevated P (ovarian stimulation). Major findings were that declines in plasma osmolality (P) and plasma sodium concentration ([Formula: see text]) were comparable in the 1 CL and 0 CL cohorts, correlated with plasma estradiol and progesterone concentrations but not P; gestational declines in plasma uric acid (UA) concentration (P) were attenuated after IVF, especially programmed cycles, partly because of subdued increases of renal UA clearance; and P and cardiac output (CO) were inversely correlated when plasma estradiol concentration was below ∼2.

Maternal endothelial function, circulating endothelial cells, and endothelial progenitor cells in pregnancies conceived with or without in vitro fertilization.

In women who conceived with or without assisted reproduction, we evaluated endothelial function by EndoPAT [reactive hyperemia index (RHI)], circulating numbers of endothelial cells (CEC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), and their function before during and after pregnancy. In vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies were stratified by method of conception and corpus luteum (CL) number-controlled ovarian stimulation (>1 CL) or programmed (0 CL) cycles and spontaneous singleton pregnancies (1 CL). We observed ) comparable gestational decline of RHI in the three participant groups secondary to gestational rise of baseline preocclusion pulse-wave amplitude (PWA) incorporated into the RHI calculation by EndoPAT software; ) progressive rise in "normalized" RHI throughout pregnancy (calculated by substituting prepregnancy baseline preocclusion PWA into the RHI equation), greater in spontaneous conception vs.

The Impact of Natural Disasters on Dietary Intake.

In this study, we explored the potential impact of disasters on individuals' fruit and vegetable consumption. Individual-level data (N = 351,229) from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2011 survey were merged with county-level disaster declaration data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) based on disaster duration, interview month and residential county. Multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear models were conducted to examine the impact of different types of disasters on self-reported daily fruit, 100% pure fruit juice, beans, green vegetables, orange vegetables, other vegetables and overall vegetables consumption frequencies, adjusting for individual covariates.

Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Mental Health among US Adults.

Hurricane Katrina was an intense tropical cyclone that made landfall in the United States (US) in August 2005, causing catastrophic damage in several states. This study examined the impact of Hurricane Katrina on mental health status among US adults. Multilevel regressions based on the difference-in-differences study design were performed on individual-level data (N = 70,267) retrieved from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2004-2006 surveys.

[Effectiveness of bacterial screening in preventing and controlling platelet bacterial contamination].

This study was purposed to investigate the effectiveness of bacterial screening with 24 hours holding in preventing and controlling bacterial contamination of platelets. Bacterial screening of apheresis platelets preserved for 24 hours was performed by using BacT/ALERT automatic bacterial culture system. The samples from 5 bags of platelet were taken in aseptic condition and were merged into 1 bag.