The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Complications among Hemodialysis Patients.

The composition of the gut microbiota varies among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on the basis of their mode of renal replacement therapy (RRT), with notably more pronounced dysbiosis occurring in those undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Interventions such as dialysis catheters, unstable hemodynamics, strict dietary restrictions, and pharmacotherapy significantly alter the intestinal microenvironment, thus disrupting the gut microbiota composition in HD patients. The gut microbiota may influence HD-related complications, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), infections, anemia, and malnutrition, through mechanisms such as bacterial translocation, immune regulation, and the production of gut microbial metabolites, thereby affecting both the quality of life and the prognosis of patients.

2D Tantalum Disulfide Reduction Strategy Customized TaO/rGO Heterointerface Aerogel Toward Boosting Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Flame Retardancy.

The exceptional and substantial electron affinity, as well as the excellent chemical and thermal stability of transition metal oxides (TMOs), infuse infinite vitality into multifunctional applications, especially in the field of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. Nonetheless, the suboptimal structural mechanical properties and absence of structural regulation continue to hinder the advancement of TMOs-based aerogels. Herein, a novel 2D tantalum disulfide (2H-TaS) reduction strategy is demonstrated to synthesize TaO/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) heterointerface aerogels with unique characters.

High-sensitivity, ultrawide linear range, antibacterial textile pressure sensor based on chitosan/MXene hierarchical architecture.

It is still a great challenge for the flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors to simultaneously achieve wide linearity and high sensitivity. Herein, we propose a high-performance textile pressure sensor based on chitosan (CTS)/MXene fiber. The hierarchical "point to line" architecture enables the pressure sensor with high sensitivity of 1.

Clopidogrel Plus Aspirin vs Aspirin Alone in Patients With Acute Mild to Moderate Stroke: The ATAMIS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Dual antiplatelet therapy has been demonstrated to be superior to single antiplatelet in reducing recurrent stroke among patients with transient ischemic attack or minor stroke, but robust evidence for its effect in patients with mild to moderate ischemic stroke is lacking.

Objective: To evaluate whether dual antiplatelet therapy is superior to single antiplatelet among patients with mild to moderate ischemic stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a multicenter, open-label, blinded end point, randomized clinical trial conducted at 66 hospitals in China from December 20, 2016, through August 9, 2022.

Tenecteplase Plus Butyphthalide for Stroke Within 4.5-6 Hours of Onset (EXIT-BT): a Phase 2 Study.

To date, the benefit of intravenous thrombolysis is confined to within 4.5 h of onset for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) without advanced neuroimaging selection. The current trial aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous tenecteplase (TNK) plus Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) in AIS within 4.

Intravenous Tenecteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke Within 4.5-24 Hours of Onset (ROSE-TNK): A Phase 2, Randomized, Multicenter Study.

Background And Purpose: Intravenous tenecteplase (TNK) efficacy has not been well demonstrated in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) beyond 4.5 hours after onset. This study aimed to determine the effect of intravenous TNK for AIS within 4.

Extracellular vesicles in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification: the versatile non-coding RNAs from endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by the accumulation of lipids, fibrous elements, and calcification in the innermost layers of arteries. Vascular calcification (VC), the deposition of calcium and phosphate within the arterial wall, is an important characteristic of AS natural history. However, medial arterial calcification (MAC) differs from intimal calcification and cannot simply be explained as the consequence of AS.

VX-765 ameliorates CKD VSMC calcification by regulating STAT3 activation.

Background: Recent clinical evidences show that caspase-1 inhibitor-VX-765 attenuates atherosclerosis in ApoE deficient mice. However, there is rarely information about the effect of VX-765 on hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification or vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats. Here we investigate the effect of VX-765 on vascular calcification in uremia circumstances.

Effect of Argatroban Plus Intravenous Alteplase vs Intravenous Alteplase Alone on Neurologic Function in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ARAIS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies suggested a benefit of argatroban plus alteplase (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, robust evidence in trials with large sample sizes is lacking.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of argatroban plus alteplase for AIS.

Association between subclinical left ventricular ejection fraction and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Reduced left ventricular ejection function (LVEF) was associated with increased mortality in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) in Asia and the United States of America. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were correlated with LVEF in PD. However, little information is available regarding the relationship between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the use of NLR, PLR, and MLR in predicting left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in patients with PD.

RNA-seq analysis of extracellular vesicles from hyperphosphatemia-stimulated endothelial cells provides insight into the mechanism underlying vascular calcification.

Background: Hyperphosphatemia (HP) is associated with vascular calcification (VC) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, relationship between HP-induced-endothelial extracellular vesicles (HP-EC-EVs) and VC is unclear, and miR expression in HP-EC-EVs has not been determined.

Methods: We isolated HP-EC-EVs from endothelial cells with HP and observed that HP-EC-EVs were up-taken by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

Microparticles from Hyperphosphatemia-Stimulated Endothelial Cells Promote Vascular Calcification Through Astrocyte-Elevated Gene-1.

Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) can be released in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Plasma concentration of high inorganic phosphate (HP) is considered as a decisive determinant of vascular calcification in CKD. We therefore explored the role of HP-induced EMPs (HP-EMPs) in the vascular calcification and its potential mechanism.

Causes and predictors of mortality from lupus nephritis in Southern Hunan, China.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore the causes and predictors of mortality in a cohort of LN with LN in southern Hunan, China.

Methods: We analyzed 236 patients with biopsy-proven LN during 2010-2018. Demographic data, laboratory data, SLEDAI scores, treatment strategies, and comorbidity were collected.

OAT1 and OAT3 also mediate the drug-drug interaction between piperacillin and tazobactam.

This study aimed to demonstrate that organic anion transporters (OATs) mediate the drug-drug interaction (DDI) between piperacillin and tazobactam. After co-administration with piperacillin in rats, the AUC of tazobactam in plasma was significantly increased, and t was prolonged with significant reduction in plasma clearance, renal clearance and cumulative urinary excretion. In rat and human kidney slices, probenecid, p-aminohippurate and benzylpenicillin inhibited the uptake of piperacillin and tazobactam.

Afatinib Decreases P-Glycoprotein Expression to Promote Adriamycin Toxicity of A549T Cells.

We investigated the reversal effect of afatinib (AFT) on activity of adriamycin (ADR) in A549T cells and clarified the related molecular mechanisms. A549T cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were resistant to anticancer drug ADR. AFT significantly increased the antitumor activity of ADR in A549T cells.

Targeting Oct2 and P53: Formononetin prevents cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

Nephrotoxicity is one of major side effects of cisplatin in chemotherapy. Therefore, there is an urgent medical need to develop drugs that may protect kidney from toxicity. In previous study, we found that it showed the protective effects of formononetin against apoptosis by upregulating Nrf2.