Achieving a solar-to-chemical efficiency of 3.6% in ambient conditions by inhibiting interlayer charges transport.

Efficiently converting solar energy into chemical energy remains a formidable challenge in artificial photosynthetic systems. To date, rarely has an artificial photosynthetic system operating in the open air surpassed the highest solar-to-biomass conversion efficiency (1%) observed in plants. In this study, we present a three-dimension polymeric photocatalyst achieving a solar-to-HO conversion efficiency of 3.

Urine D-ribose levels correlate with cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: D-ribose is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. The study aimed to determine the association between D-ribose and cognitive function in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chaoyang District, Beijing in 2019-2020.

Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathologies and Cognitive Impairments Induced by Formaldehyde in Non-Human Primates.

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology as an age-related factor and as a protein cross-linker known to aggregate Amyloid-Beta (Aβ) and tau protein in vitro. Higher levels of FA have also been found in patients with greater cognitive impairment and in AD patient brains.

Objective: To directly evaluate the effect of chronically elevated FA levels on the primate brain with respect to AD pathological markers.

d-Ribose as a Contributor to Glycated Haemoglobin.

Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is the most important marker of hyperglycaemia in diabetes mellitus. We show that d-ribose reacts with haemoglobin, thus yielding HbA1c. Using mass spectrometry, we detected glycation of haemoglobin with d-ribose produces 10 carboxylmethyllysines (CMLs).

Brain Formaldehyde is Related to Water Intake behavior.

A promising strategy for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the identification of age-related changes that place the brain at risk for the disease. Additionally, AD is associated with chronic dehydration, and one of the significant changes that are known to result in metabolic dysfunction is an increase in the endogenous formaldehyde (FA) level. Here, we demonstrate that the levels of uric formaldehyde in AD patients were markedly increased compared with normal controls.

Elevated urine formaldehyde in elderly patients with primary open angle glaucoma.

Aim: To investigate the risk factor of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), which is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. An abnormally high level of endogenous formaldehyde (FA) has recently been found correlated with cell death and neurodegenerative disease, raising the possibility of a putative correlation of abnormal endogenous FA with POAG.

Methods: Thirty-four elderly patients with POAG and sixteen healthy controls were enrolled.

Formaldehyde as a trigger for protein aggregation and potential target for mitigation of age-related, progressive cognitive impairment.

Recently, formaldehyde (FA), existing in a number of different cells including neural cells, was found to affect age-related cognitive impairment. Oral administration of methanol (the metabolic precursor of FA) triggers formation of senile plaques (SPs) and Tau hyperphosphorylation in the brains of monkeys with memory decline. Intraperitoneal injection of FA leads to hyperphosphorylation of Tau in wild-type mouse brains and N2a cells through activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β).

Uric formaldehyde levels are negatively correlated with cognitive abilities in healthy older adults.

Recent studies have shown that the abnormal accumulation of endogenous formaldehyde could be a critical factor in age-related cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to estimate the correlation between uric formaldehyde and general cognitive abilities in a community-based elderly population, and to measure the extent and direction in which the correlation varied with demographic characteristics. Using a double-blind design, formaldehyde in human urine was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (n = 604), and general cognitive abilities were measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Hyperphosphorylation results in tau dysfunction in DNA folding and protection.

Hyperphosphorylation of tau occurs in preclinical and clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and hyperphosphorylated tau is the main constituent of the paired helical filaments in the brains of mild cognitive impairment and AD patients. While most of the work described so far focused on the relationship between hyperphosphorylation of tau and microtubule disassembly as well as axonal transport impairments, both phenomena ultimately leading to cell death, little work has been done to study the correlation between tau hyperphosphorylation and DNA damage. As we showed in this study, tau hyperphosphorylation and DNA damage co-occurred under formaldehyde treatment in N2a cells, indicating that phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) induced by formaldehyde may be involved in DNA impairment.