Global characterization of GH11 family xylanases genes in and functional analysis of and .

Rhombic-spot disease, caused mainly by , significantly impacts the yield and quality of fishscale bamboo (). Xylanases are essential for pathogenic fungi infection, yet their specific functions in the physiology and pathogenicity of remain unclear. Here, we characterized three xylanase proteins with glycosyl hydrolase 11 domains from the SICAUCC 16-0001 genome and examined the function of Nsxyn1 and Nsxyn2.

A story of two kingdoms: unravelling the intricacies of protein phase separation in plants and animals.

The biomolecular condensates (BCs) formed by proteins through phase separation provide the necessary space and raw materials for the orderly progression of cellular activities, and on this basis, various membraneless organelles (MLOs) are formed. The occurrence of eukaryotic phase separation is driven by multivalent interactions from intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) and/or specific protein/nucleic acid binding domains and is regulated by various environmental factors. In plant and animal cells, the MLOs involved in gene expression regulation, stress response, and mitotic control display similar functions and mechanisms.

Alternative splicing of VRF1 acts as a molecular switch to regulate stress-induced early flowering.

Plants frequently evade extreme environmental stress by initiating early flowering, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, through extensive mutant screening, we identify a vegetative growth to reproductive growth transition factor (vrf1) mutant, which exhibits a deficiency in drought escape. Alternative splicing of VRF1 generates four isoforms, of which two encode functional proteins, VRF1-AS1 and VRF1-AS3.

Six Species of with Three New Taxa on Grass from Sichuan Province, China.

(, ) species are parasitic fungi with a wide global distribution, causing tar spots on plants. In this study, we describe three newly discovered species: , , and from in China. These species were characterized using morphological traits and multi-locus phylogeny based on the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) with the intervening 5.

The Targeted Regulation of BDUbc and BDSKL1 Enhances Resistance to Blight in × .

is the major pathogen responsible for the significant stem disease "blight" in × . The interacting proteins of the key pathogenic factor , BDUbc and BDSKL1, have previously been obtained by two-hybrid, BiFC, GST pull-down yeast assays. However, the functions of these interacting proteins remain unknown.

The maize ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ZmMRPA6 confers cold and salt stress tolerance in plants.

ZmMRPA6 was cloned and characterized as the first ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter in maize to be proven to participate in cold and salt tolerance. Homologous genes AtABCC4 and AtABCC14 of ZmMRPA6 also responded to salt stress. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins are major transmembrane transporters that play significant roles in plant development against various abiotic stresses.

The Identification and Role of the Key Mycotoxin of Causing Leaf Spot Disease of .

Leaf spot is a common disease of (), which can seriously harm the plant's ability to grow, flower, and fruit. Therefore, it is important to identify the mechanism of leaf spot caused by () for thorough comprehension and disease control. In this study, to verify whether the mycotoxins produced by cause leaf spot disease, the best medium for , namely PDB, was used.

Drying without dying: A genome database for desiccation-tolerant plants and evolution of desiccation tolerance.

Desiccation is typically fatal, but a small number of land plants have evolved vegetative desiccation tolerance (VDT), allowing them to dry without dying through a process called anhydrobiosis. Advances in sequencing technologies have enabled the investigation of genomes for desiccation-tolerant plants over the past decade. However, a dedicated and integrated database for these valuable genomic resources has been lacking.

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Rust Resistance in Resistant (Youkang) and Susceptive (Tengjiao) Cultivars.

Chinese pepper rust is a live parasitic fungal disease caused by , which seriously affects the cultivation and industrial development of . Cultivating and planting resistant cultivars is considered the most economical and environmentally friendly strategy to control this disease. Therefore, the mining of excellent genes for rust resistance and the analysis of the mechanism of rust resistance are the key strategies to achieve the targeted breeding of rust resistance.

Multiple forms of vitamin B regulate salt tolerance by balancing ROS and abscisic acid levels in maize root.

Salt stress causes osmotic stress, ion toxicity and oxidative stress, inducing the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which further damage cell structure and inhibit the development of roots in plants. Previous study showed that vitamin B (VB) plays a role in plant responses to salt stress, however, the regulatory relationship between ROS, VB and ABA under salt stress remains unclear yet in plants. In our study, we found that salt stress-induced ABA accumulation requires ROS production, in addition, salt stress also promoted VB (including pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)) accumulation, which involved in ROS scavenging and ABA biosynthesis.

Morphological and molecular analyses reveal two new species of (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales) associated with scale insects on walnut in China.

The fungal genus consists of species mostly occurring as parasites of scale insects, but are also commonly isolated from soil or lichens. In the present study, we surveyed the diversity and assess the taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi in Sichuan Province, China. Two new species of , viz.

Nigrospora musae Causing Taxus chinensis var. mairei stem blight in Sichuan, China.

Taxus chinensis var. mairei is the endemic, endangered, and first-class protected tree species in China. This species is considered as an important resource plant because it can produce Taxol which is an effective medicinal compound against various cancers (Zhang et al.

Identification and pathogenicity analysis of leaf brown spot of Juglans regia in China.

English walnut (Juglans regia), has high economic and ecological value. As an important tree species for eliminating poverty, it is planted in many Provinces of China. In 2021, new pathogenic fungi were observed in English walnut in Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province, China.

Global Analysis of Dark- and Heat-Regulated Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis.

Alternative splicing (AS) is one of the major post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms that contributes to plant responses to various environmental perturbations. Darkness and heat are two common abiotic factors affecting plant growth, yet the involvement and regulation of AS in the plant responses to these signals remain insufficiently examined. In this study, we subjected Arabidopsis seedlings to 6 h of darkness or heat stress and analyzed their transcriptome through short-read RNA sequencing.

Phylogenetic Analysis of Spliceosome SF3a2 in Different Plant Species.

The formation of mature mRNA requires cutting introns and splicing exons. The occurrence of splicing involves the participation of the spliceosome. Common spliceosomes mainly include five snRNPs: U1, U2, U4/U6, and U5.

Changes in the Histology of Walnut ( L.) Infected with and Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis.

() causes branch blight of walnuts, which leads to significant economic loss. The molecular mechanism behind the response of walnuts remains unknown. Paraffin sectioning and transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed to explore the changes in tissue structure, gene expression, and metabolic processes in walnut after infection with .

Soil cadmium stress affects the phyllosphere microbiome and associated pathogen resistance differently in male and female poplars.

Microorganisms associated with the phyllosphere play a crucial role in protecting plants from diseases, and their composition and diversity are strongly influenced by heavy metal contaminants. Dioecious plants are known to exhibit sexual dimorphism in metal accumulation and tolerance between male and female individuals. Hence, in this study we used male and female full-siblings of Populus deltoides to investigate whether the two sexes present differences in their phyllosphere microbiome structures and in their associated resistance to the leaf pathogenic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora after exposure to excess soil cadmium (Cd).