Circulating short-chain and branched short-chain fatty acids and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: findings from the 4C study.

Previous studies suggested that fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched short-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are associated with glucose regulation. However, the potential relationship between circulating SCFAs and BCFAs with incident diabetes risk in both men and women remains unidentified in prospective cohort studies. In this study, we examined a panel of nine serum SCFAs and BCFAs in 3414 subjects with incident diabetes, and matched normoglycemic controls from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort study.

Association of body roundness index with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among Chinese adults.

Aims: To determine the impact of body roundness index (BRI) on the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in Chinese adults.

Materials And Methods: We utilized data from a nationwide prospective cohort of 165 785 Chinese adults (aged ≥40 years, free of CVD and cancer at baseline), which was extracted from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C). Cox regression and restricted cubic splines quantified BRI-outcome associations and identified optimal BRI cutoffs.

Identification of biomarkers for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic associated fatty liver disease by bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) combined with fatty liver is a subtype of metabolic fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and the relationship between T2DM and MAFLD is close and mutually influential. However, the connection and mechanisms between the two are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosing both conditions.

Exploring age and gender disparities in cardiometabolic phenotypes and lipidomic signatures among Chinese adults: a nationwide cohort study.

Understanding sex disparities in modifiable risk factors across the lifespan is essential for crafting individualized intervention strategies. We aim to investigate age-related sex disparity in cardiometabolic phenotypes in a large nationwide Chinese cohort. A total of 254,670 adults aged 40 years or older were selected from a population-based cohort in China.

Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.

Stacking model framework reveals clinical biochemical data and dietary behavior features associated with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes, accounting for around 90% of all diabetes. Studies have found that dietary habits and biochemical metabolic changes are closely related to T2DM disease surveillance, but early surveillance tools are not specific and have lower accuracy. This paper aimed to provide a reliable artificial intelligence model with high accuracy for the clinical diagnosis of T2DM.

Abnormal brain regional activity in acute thyrotoxic myopathy assessed by resting-state functional MRI.

Background: The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying manifestations of bulbar paralysis in acute thyrotoxic myopathy (ATM) and the afflicted brain areas are unclear.

Purpose: We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to evaluate the regional brain activities in patients with ATM.

Material And Methods: In total, 16 patients with ATM, 16 patients with hyperthyroidism without ATM, and 16 healthy controls underwent functional MRI scans.

High glucose-induced NCAPD2 upregulation promotes malignant phenotypes and regulates EMT via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). High glucose levels have been implicated in inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), contributing to the progression of various cancers. However, the molecular crosstalk remains unclear.

Identification of potential biomarkers of gout through weighted gene correlation network analysis.

Background: Although hyperuricemia is not always associated with acute gouty arthritis, uric acid is a significant risk factor for gout. Therefore, we investigated the specific mechanism of uric acid activity.

Methods: Using the gout-associated transcriptome dataset GSE160170, we conducted differential expression analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome: a population-based study in China.

Introduction: The relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains debatable. In the present study, we analysed the link between total sleep duration (including nighttime sleep and nap duration) and MetS as well as its components among the Chinese population.

Material And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from a prospective population cohort including 8616 participants over 40 years in Guangxi, China, evaluated from April 2011 to January 2012.

Body size, insulin sensitivity, metabolic health and risk of cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults: Insights from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) study.

Aims: To assess the excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with different criteria for metabolic health, and the interplay of body size, insulin sensitivity and metabolic health with CVD risk.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a prospective study involving 115 638 participants from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study. Metabolic health was defined using three different definitions: (1) insulin sensitivity defined by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index; (2) absence of metabolic syndrome according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria; and (3) simultaneous absence of metabolic abnormalities (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia).

The Association between Educational Attainment and the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Chinese Adults: Findings from the REACTION Study.

Background/aims: : Low educational attainment is a well-established risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in developed areas. However, the association between educational attainment and the risk of NAFLD is less clear in China.

Methods: : A cross-sectional study including over 200,000 Chinese adults across mainland China was conducted.

The Role of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Related Risk Factors and Drugs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

With changes in modern lifestyles, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global epidemic metabolic disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. T2DM is a complex metabolic disorder and has been considered an independent risk factor for HCC. Growing evidence supports that T2DM-related risk factors facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis via abundant mechanisms.

The potential causal association between systemic lupus erythematosus and endocrine and metabolic disorders in the East Asian population: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Observational studies indicate a significant correlation between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and endocrine and metabolic disorders, but the causal association between SLE and endocrine and metabolic disorders remains unclear due to the reverse causality and confounding biases commonly presented in conventional observational research. This study endeavors to uncover the causal association between SLE and three common endocrine and metabolic disorders, including Graves' disease (GD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and osteoporosis (OP).

Methods: We used genome-wide association study data for SLE and three endocrine and metabolic disorders in an East Asian population, employing bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and sensitivity analysis to ascertain the causal association between SLE and endocrine and metabolic disorders.

Germline PRKACA amplification-associated primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease: a case report and literature review.

Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is a rare adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing's syndrome (CS). Pediatric patients with PPNAD typically have unusual skin lesions and slow growth with unknown causes. We present a case of a female Chinese patient with PPNAD caused by the germline PRKACA gene copy number gain of chromosome 19.