Multitrait Genetic Analysis Identifies Novel Pleiotropic Loci for Depression and Schizophrenia in East Asians.

Background And Hypothesis: While genetic correlations, pleiotropic loci, and shared genetic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders have been extensively studied in European populations, the investigation of these factors in East Asian populations has been relatively limited.

Study Design: To identify novel pleiotropic risk loci for depression and schizophrenia (SCZ) in East Asians. We utilized the most comprehensive dataset available for East Asians and quantified the genetic overlap between depression, SCZ, and their related traits via a multitrait genome-wide association study.

Pulvinar Response Profiles and Connectivity Patterns to Object Domains.

Distributed cortical regions show differential responses to visual objects belonging to different domains varying by animacy (e.g., animals vs tools), yet it remains unclear whether this is an organization principle also applying to the subcortical structures.

Vacancy defect engineered BiVO with low-index surfaces for photocatalytic application: a first principles study.

BiVO has been widely investigated as a photocatalyst material for water splitting due to its outstanding photocatalytic properties. In order to further improve its photocatalytic efficiency, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study of improvement strategies, such as defect engineering. By focusing on the (001) and (011) surfaces, we carried out a systematic theoretical research on pristine and defective systems, including Bi, V and O vacancies.

Brain-activation-based individual identification reveals individually unique activation patterns elicited by pain and touch.

Pain is subjective and perceived differently in different people. However, individual differences in pain-elicited brain activations are largely overlooked and often discarded as noises. Here, we used a brain-activation-based individual identification procedure to investigate the uniqueness of the activation patterns within the whole brain or brain regions elicited by nociceptive (laser) and tactile (electrical) stimuli in each of 62 healthy participants.

Functional MRI evidence for primary motor cortex plasticity contributes to the disease's severity and prognosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients.

Objective: To investigate the brain mechanism of non-correspondence between diseases severity and compression degree of the spinal cord in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) patients and to test the utility of brain imaging biomarkers for predicting prognosis of CSM.

Methods: We calculated voxel-wise zALFF from 54 CSM patients and 50 healthy controls using resting-state fMRI data. In analysis 1, we identified the brain regions exhibited significant differences of zALFF between CSM patients and healthy controls.

High Mobility Two-Dimensional Bismuth Oxyselenide Single Crystals with Large Grain Size Grown by Reverse-Flow Chemical Vapor Deposition.

2D semiconductors with atomically thin body thickness have attracted tremendous research interest for high-performance nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Most of the 2D semiconductors grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods suffer from rather low carrier mobility, small single-crystal size, and instability under ambient conditions. Here, we develop an improved CVD method with controllable reverse-gas flow to realize the direct growth of quality BiOSe 2D single crystals on a mica substrate.

Corrigendum: Prediction of EGFR Mutation Status Based on F-FDG PET/CT Imaging Using Deep Learning-Based Model in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.

Porous Cobalt Sulfide Selenium Nanorods for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution.

A key process in electrochemical energy technology is hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, its electrochemical properties mainly depend on the catalytic activity of the material itself. Therefore, it is important to find efficient electrocatalysts to realize clean hydrogen production.

Prediction of EGFR Mutation Status Based on F-FDG PET/CT Imaging Using Deep Learning-Based Model in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning-based system to automatically predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant lung adenocarcinoma in F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Methods: Three hundred and one lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation status were enrolled in this study. Two deep learning models (SE and SE) were developed with Squeeze-and-Excitation Residual Network (SE-ResNet) module for the prediction of EGFR mutation with CT and PET images, respectively.

Enhanced Information Flow From Cerebellum to Secondary Visual Cortices Leads to Better Surgery Outcome in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Patients: A Stochastic Dynamic Causal Modeling Study With Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) damages the spinal cord, resulting in long-term neurological impairment including motor and visual deficits. Given that visual feedback is crucial in guiding movements, the visual disorder may be a cause of motor deficits in patients with DCM. It has been shown that increased functional connectivity between secondary visual cortices and cerebellum, which are functionally related to the visually guided movements, was correlated with motor function in patients with DCM.

Interface engineering of cobalt-sulfide-selenium core-shell nanostructures as bifunctional electrocatalysts toward overall water splitting.

The number of active sites and stability of the structure of electrocatalysts are the key factors in the process of overall water splitting. In this paper, cobalt-sulfide-selenium (Se:CoS) core-shell nanostructures are prepared by a simple two-step method, including hydrothermal reaction and chemical vapor deposition. The resulting product exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, owing to the synergistic effects between CoS and CoSe, as well as the plentiful active sites in the electrode structure.

Feedforward and feedback pathways of nociceptive and tactile processing in human somatosensory system: A study of dynamic causal modeling of fMRI data.

Nociceptive and tactile information is processed in the somatosensory system via reciprocal (i.e., feedforward and feedback) projections between the thalamus, the primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices.

Community composition of cecal microbiota in commercial yellow broilers with high and low feed efficiencies.

The cecal microbiota plays important roles in host food digestion and nutrient absorption, which may in part affect feed efficiency (FE). To investigate the composition and functional differences of cecal microbiota between high (n = 30) and low (n = 29) feed conversion ratio (FCR; metric for FE) groups, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and predicted the metagenome function using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved Species in yellow broilers. The results showed that the 2 groups had the same prominent microbes but with differing abundance.

Stability test of canonical correlation analysis for studying brain-behavior relationships: The effects of subject-to-variable ratios and correlation strengths.

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA), a multivariate approach to identifying correlations between two sets of variables, is becoming increasingly popular in neuroimaging studies on brain-behavior relationships. However, the CCA stability in neuroimaging applications has not been systematically investigated. Although it is known that the number of subjects should be greater than the number of variables due to the curse of dimensionality, it is unclear at what subject-to-variable ratios (SVR) and at what correlation strengths the CCA stability can be maintained.

Prediction of mediastinal lymph node metastasis based on F-FDG PET/CT imaging using support vector machine in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a classification method based on support vector machine (SVM) to improve the diagnostic performance of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to detect the lymph node (LN) metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Method: Two hundred nineteen lymph nodes (37 metastatic) from 71 patients were evaluated in this study. SVM models were developed with 7 LN features.

A multiple-channel and atrous convolution network for ultrasound image segmentation.

Purpose: Ultrasound image segmentation is a challenging task due to a low signal-to-noise ratio and poor image quality. Although several approaches based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) have been applied to ultrasound image segmentation, they have weak generalization ability. We propose an end-to-end, multiple-channel and atrous CNN designed to extract a greater amount of semantic information for segmentation of ultrasound images.

A Super-Stretchable Liquid Metal Foamed Elastomer for Tunable Control of Electromagnetic Waves and Thermal Transport.

It is remarkably desirable and challenging to design a stretchable conductive material with tunable electromagnetic-interference (EMI) shielding and heat transfer for applications in flexible electronics. However, the existing materials sustained a severe attenuation of performances when largely stretched. Here, a super-stretchable (800% strain) liquid metal foamed elastomer composite (LMF-EC) is reported, achieving super-high electrical (≈10 S cm) and thermal (17.

Epidemiology, evolution and transmission of human metapneumovirus in Guangzhou China, 2013-2017.

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), first identified in 2001, is a major viral respiratory pathogen that worldwide reported. Fundamental questions concerning the dynamics of viral evolution and transmission at both regional and global scales remain unanswered. In this study, we obtained 32 G gene and 51 F gene sequences of hMPV in Guangzhou, China in 2013-2017.

Co-circulation and persistence of multiple A/H3N2 influenza variants in China.

The spread of influenza A/H3N2 variants possessing the hemagglutinin 121 K mutation and the unexpectedly high incidence of influenza in the 2017-2018 northern hemisphere influenza season have raised serious concerns about the next pandemic. We summarized the national surveillance data of seasonal influenza in China and identified marked differences in influenza epidemics between northern and southern China, particularly the predominating subtype and the presence of an additional summer peak in southern China. Notably, a minor spring peak of influenza caused by a different virus subtype was also observed.