Research on Intelligent Monitoring and Protection Equipment of Vital Signs of Underground Personnel in Coal Mines: Review.

The coal industry is a high risk, high difficulty industry, and the annual global mine accident rate is high, so the safety of coal mine underground operations has been a concern. With the development of technology, the application of intelligent security technology in coal mine safety has broad prospects. In this paper, the research progress of vital signs monitoring and support equipment for underground personnel in coal mines is reviewed.

Can guilt enhance sensitivity to other's suffering? An EEG investigation into moral emotions and pain empathy.

As a unique form of empathy, pain empathy often has a close relationship with society and morality. Research has revealed that moral emotions can influence pain empathy. The underlying physiological mechanism still needs to be further examined to understand how moral emotions affect pain empathy.

Mn Doping at High-Activity Octahedral Vacancies of γ-FeO for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysis in Metal-Air Batteries.

γ-FeO with the intrinsic cation vacancies is an ideal substrate for heteroatom doping into the highly active octahedral sites in spinel oxide catalysts. However, it is still a challenge to confirm the vacancy location of γ-FeO through experiments and obtain enhanced catalytic performance by preferential occupation of octahedral sites for heteroatom doping. Here, a Mn-doped γ-FeO incorporated with carbon nanotubes catalyst was developed to successfully achieve preferential doping into highly active octahedral sites by employing γ-FeO as the precursor.

Multi-omics analysis of the toxic effects on gill tissues of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) from chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP).

The pervasive use of the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) poses potential risks to global aquatic ecosystems. This study systematically evaluated the adverse effects of chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of DEHP on gill tissues of crucian carp, utilizing histological examination, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analysis. The results demonstrated that DEHP induced significant histopathological alterations in gill tissues, with significant enrichment observed in multiple pathways associated with amino acid, hormone, lipid, and xenobiotic metabolism.

Compact silicon photonic-lantern mode (de)multiplexer based on tilt slot waveguide.

As the key component in on-chip mode-division multiplexing systems, a compact silicon photonic-lantern mode (de)multiplexer is proposed and demonstrated using the shallow-etched tilt slot waveguide. The proposed six-mode (de)multiplexer is designed as a constant coupling length of 11.7 µm for each mode conversion and eliminates the adiabatic transition tapers for cascaded asymmetric directional couplers, which have an ultra-short total length of 69 µm.

Effectiveness and safety of enzyme replacement therapy in the treatment of Fabry disease: a Chinese monocentric real-world study.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for treating Fabry disease in clinical practice.

Methods: The clinical data of patients with Fabry disease were retrospectively collected and screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The effectiveness of ERT was evaluated by analyzing the improvement in renal dysfunction (decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria), cardiac system injury (mainly increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI)), and neuropathic pain after ERT treatment.

Effects of HIV Self-Testing on Testing Promotion and Risk Behavior Reduction Among Transgender Women in China: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: To date, no randomized controlled trials have specifically addressed behavior changes after HIV self-testing (HIVST) among transgender women.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of HIVST on changes in HIV testing behavior, frequency of condomless sex, and partner numbers among transgender women in China.

Methods: Participants were recruited from 2 Chinese cities using both online and offline methods.

Factors contributing to organelle genomes size variation and the intracellular DNA transfer in Polygonaceae.

The use of complete organelle genomes, including chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, is a powerful molecular method for studying biological evolution and gene transfer. However, in the case of Polygonaceae, an important family with numerous edible, medicinal, and ornamental species, the mitochondrial genomes of only three species have been sequenced and analyzed. In this study, we present the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes of two important Tibetan medicinal plants, Bistorta viviparum and B.

Advanced alginate-based nanofiber aerogels: A synthetic matrix for high-efficiency lysozyme adsorption and controlled release.

The development of materials with high lysozyme adsorption is critical for drug delivery and skin wound applications, as it enhances antibacterial properties, stability, and controlled release of therapeutic agents, thereby improving treatment efficacy and safety. Alginate-based nanofiber scaffolds, featuring high surface area and multiple adsorption sites, can efficiently absorb lysozyme and regulate its release through tunable pore channels, offering a promising approach to chronic wound management. In this study, we fabricated poly (vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (EVOH) nanofiber-based sodium alginate (ENSA) aerogels using a simple two-step crosslinking procedure.

A Novel Passive Occupational Shoulder Exoskeleton With Adjustable Peak Assistive Torque Angle For Overhead Tasks.

Objective: Overhead tasks are a primary inducement to work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Aiming to reduce shoulder physical loads, passive shoulder exoskeletons are increasingly prevalent in the industry due to their lightweight, affordability, and effectiveness. However, they can only handle specific tasks and struggle to balance compactness with a sufficient range of motion effectively.

Light-driven biodegradation of chloramphenicol by photosensitized Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.

Efficient and sustainable degradation of chloramphenicol has piqued the interest of the scientific community. This study constructed a photosensitized biohybrid system using Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and cadmium sulfide (CdS). This system could efficiently degrade chloramphenicol with robust stability.

Integrating Convolution and Sparse Coding for Learning Low-Dimensional Discriminative Image Representations.

This work investigates the problem of efficiently learning discriminative low-dimensional (LD) representations of multiclass image objects. We propose a generic end-to-end approach that jointly optimizes sparse dictionary and convolutions for learning LOW-dimensional discriminative image representations, named SparConvLow, taking advantage of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), dictionary learning, and orthogonal projections. The whole learning process can be summarized as follows.

The promoting effect of the absence of second-party's punishment power on third-party punishment in maintaining social fairness norms: An EEG hyper-scanning study.

Third-party punishment (TPP) plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining social fairness. Punishment power is a significant area of study within economic games. However, the impact of whether or not the second-party possesses punishment power on TPP remains unexplored.

Bioinformatics analysis-based mining of potential markers for inflammatory bowel disease and their immune relevance.

Background: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing every year and is characterized by a prolonged course, frequent relapses, difficulty in curing, and a lack of more efficacious therapeutic biomarkers. The aim of this study was to find key core genes as therapeutic biomarkers for IBD.

Methods: GSE75214 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used as the experimental set.

Facile construction of 2-pyrones under carbene catalysis.

2-Pyrones are valuable structural motifs in organic chemistry, found in numerous natural products and pharmaceuticals. The synthesis of these heterocycles has been significantly advanced by the application of N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) catalysis. This review examines the recent advancements in NHC-catalyzed synthesis of 2-pyrones, highlighting key methodologies, mechanisms, and synthetic applications.

[Recent advances in metabolic engineering of microorganisms for production of tyrosol and its derivatives].

Tyrosol is a natural phenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other biological activities, serving as an important precursor of high-value products such as hydroxytyrosol and salidroside. Therefore, the green and efficient biosynthesis of tyrosol and its derivatives has become a research hotspot in recent years. Building cell factories by metabolic engineering of microorganisms is a potential industrial production way, which has low costs and environmental friendliness.

Biomimetic design and integrated biofabrication of an in-vitro three-dimensional multi-scale multilayer cortical model.

The lack of accurate and reliable brain models hinders the development of brain science and research on brain diseases. Owing to the complex structure of the brain tissue and its highly nonlinear characteristics, the construction of brain-like tissue models remains one of the most challenging research fields in the construction of living tissues. This study proposes a multi-scale design of a brain-like model with a biomimetic cortical structure, which includes the macroscopic structural features of six layers of different cellular components, as well as micrometer-scale continuous fiber structures running through all layers vertically.

Inverse metabolic engineering based on metabonomics for efficient production of hydroxytyrosol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Metabolic engineering provides a powerful approach to efficiently produce valuable compounds, with the aid of emerging gene editing tools and diverse metabolic regulation strategies. However, apart from the current known biochemical pathway information, a variety of unclear constraints commonly limited the optimization space of cell phenotype. Hydroxytyrosol is an important phenolic compound that serves various industries with prominent health-beneficial properties.

Boosting Stimulated Emission via a Hydrogen-Bonded Co-Crystallization Approach in Molecular Crystals.

Stimulated emission (SE) of organic π-conjugated molecule in solid state remains a significant challenge, mainly involving the mode of molecular stacking that invariably alters the photo-physical processes. Herein, we successfully realized stimulated emission in molecular crystals using a hydrogen-bonded co-crystallization strategy. Two hydrogen-bonded co-crystals, obtained from 1,4-bis-p-cyanostyrylbenzene (CNDSB) and two types of co-formers, can boost stimulated emission and show decent amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), whereas the parent CNDSB crystal is not SE-active.

Methylation and transcriptome analyses construct a prognostic model and reveal the suppressor role of VMO1 in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism of gene regulation. The aberrant DNA methylation has been found to play an important role in the initiation and progression of tumors.

Results: Transcriptome and DNA methylation data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients were co-analyzed and 95 methylation-driven genes (MDGs) was found in relation to LUAD.

Association of plasma microRNA-16-5p and abdominal aortic calcification in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Recent studies have shown that () plays a crucial role in the pathological mechanism of vascular calcification. Nevertheless, the expression profile of in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients who are predisposed to vascular calcification remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the potential associations between calcification risk and serum expression among MHD patients.